Unit 3- Review

Front 1

Unitary muscle in walls of hollow visceral organs

Back 1

Smooth muscle

Front 2

Has epimysium, perimysium, and endomysium as connective tissue components

Back 2

Skeletal muscle

Front 3

Composed of single, very long, cylindrical, multinucleate cells with obvious striations

Back 3

Skeletal muscle

Front 4

Has only caveolae instead of t-tubules

Back 4

Smooth muscle

Front 5

Is not inhibited by nervous system stimulation

Back 5

Skeletal muscle

Front 6

Has one t-tubule per sarcomere at the Z disc

Back 6

Cardiac muscle

Front 7

Utilizes sarcoplasmic reticulum as the source of calcium for calcium pulse

Back 7

Skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle

Front 8

Has intercalated discs

Back 8

Cardiac muscle

Front 9

Utilizes calmodulin instead of troponin as calcium regulator of contraction

Back 9

Smooth muscle

Front 10

Doesn't utilize pacemaker to function

Back 10

Skeletal muscle

Front 11

This is the ability of muscle cell to recoil and resume its length after stretching

Back 11

Elasticity

Front 12

These are among the functions of the muscle tissue

Back 12

-produce movement

-stabilize joints

-maintain posture and body position

Front 13

This connective tissue sheath covers individual fascicles of a muscle fibers

Back 13

Endomysium

Front 14

This holds the thick filaments in place and helps the muscle cell spring back into shape after stretching

Back 14

Titin

Front 15

This happens during muscle contraction

Back 15

-myosin heads bind to actin

-the think and thin filaments shorten

-distance between two successive Z discs shortens

Front 16

This is true of the sarcoplasm

Back 16

It is the cytoplasm of muscle fiber enriched with glycogen

Front 17

This is true for thick filaments

Back 17

They are composed primarily of myosin

Front 18

Order of events at neuromuscular junction

Back 18

-arrival of an action potential at the synaptic end bulb

-release of ACh

-diffusion of ACh across the synaptic cleft

-activation of ACh receptors in motor endplate of muscle

-production of muscle fiber action potential

-opening of Na+ channels in motor endplate

-termination of ACh

Front 19

The resting state of muscle is restored during

Back 19

Repolarization

Front 20

The infoldings of the sarcolemma that conduct electrical impulses into the cell cause the release of calcium ions

Back 20

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Front 21

Have fascicles that insert into opposite side of the tendon, forming a feather-like pattern

Back 21

Bipennate

Front 22

A muscle that has a broad origin and its fascicles converge toward a single tendon of insertion

Back 22

Convergent

Front 23

Fascicles are arranged in concentric rings that surround external body openings

Back 23

Circular

Front 24

Resemble several feathers arranged side by side

Back 24

Multipennate

Front 25

The fascicles run in direction of the long axis of the body

Back 25

Parallel

Front 26

This is a muscle that has the major responsibility for producing a specific movement

Back 26

Agonist

Front 27

The muscle deltoid is named accordingly because of its

Back 27

Shape

Front 28

On the knee, a muscle that crosses on the posterior side of a joint produces this action

Back 28

Flexion

Front 29

Based on the type of fascicle arrangement, the pectoralis major muscle is this type

Back 29

Convergent

Front 30

This nerve innervates all the muscles of facial expression

Back 30

Facial/Cranial nerve VII

Front 31

Blinking and squinting (muscle)

Back 31

Orbicularis oculi

Front 32

Wrinkle the forehead horizontally (muscle)

Back 32

Frontal belly of epicranius

Front 33

Compresses cheek as in whistling and sucking (muscle)

Back 33

Buccinator

Front 34

Wrinkle the forehead vertically (muscle)

Back 34

Corrugator supercilli

Front 35

Raise the lateral corners of mouth

Back 35

Zygomaticus

Front 36

This is the prime mover of jaw closure

Back 36

Masseter

Front 37

This muscle flexes and laterally rotates head

Back 37

Sternocleidomastoid

Front 38

This is the prime mover of back extension

Back 38

Sacrospinalis

Front 39

This is the prime mover of inspiration

Back 39

Diaphragm

Front 40

This characteristic of the abdominal musculature provide great strength

Back 40

Alternation of fascicle directions of the muscles

Front 41

This allows voluntary inhibition of urination

Back 41

External urethral sphincter

Front 42

This is the prime mover of shoulder elevation

Back 42

Levator scapulae

Front 43

This is the prime mover of arm abduction

Back 43

Deltoid

Front 44

This is the prime mover of arm extension

Back 44

Latissimus dorsi

Front 45

This is the prime mover of elbow extension

Back 45

Triceps branchii

Front 46

Among the arm muscles these are the strongest in forearm/elbow flexion

Back 46

Brachialis

Front 47

This is the prime mover of forearm pronation

Back 47

Pronator teres

Front 48

This is the prime mover of flexing thigh or for flexing trunk on thigh as during a bow

Back 48

Iliopsoas

Front 49

This is particularly true of the quadriceps muscles

Back 49

They are composed of the rectus femoris and three vasti

Front 50

This is the major extensor of the thigh

Back 50

Gluteus maximus

Front 51

These are true about the hamstrings

Back 51

-they are prime movers of thigh extension

-they are the prime movers of knee flexion

-they have common origin in the ischial tuberosity

-it is composed of the biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus

Front 52

This is the prime mover of dorsiflexion

Back 52

Tibialis anterior

Front 53

This is the prime mover of plantar flexion

Back 53

Soleus

Front 54

This is the prime mover of foot inversion

Back 54

Tibialis posterior

Front 55

This is true about the actions of the different compartments of the leg

Back 55

-anterior: thigh: leg extension

-posterior: thigh: flex leg and extends thigh

-anterior: leg: dorsiflexes foot

-posterior: leg: plantar flex

Front 56

These are examples of lipid-soluble hormones

Back 56

-testosterone

-thyroid hormone

-progesterone

-estrogen

Front 57

These are true with the hormones' mechanism of action

Back 57

-water soluble hormones are in the plasma membrane

-lipid soluble hormones have receptors inside the cell

-LSH acts through direct gene activation

-WSH exert their effects through intracellular second messenger

Front 58

These are examples of hormones

Back 58

-thyroxine

-somatotropin

-prostaglandin

-epinephrine

Front 59

This is a property of hormones where in one hormone cannot exert its full effect without another hormone being present

Back 59

Permissiveness

Front 60

This hormone is produced by the anterior pituitary gland

Back 60

Adrenocorticotropic

Front 61

All of these hormones are directly controlled by the hypothalamus

Back 61

-neurohypohysis

-thyroid gland

-adenophyphysis

-parathyroid hormone

Front 62

This is a hormone produced primarily by the pituitary gland

Back 62

-ACTH

-prolactin

-antidiuretic hormone

-LH

Front 63

These are among the effects of hypersecretion of the thyroid glnad

Back 63

-early epiphyseal closure

-exophthalmos

-heat intolerance

-muscle weakness

Front 64

These are among the effects of hyposecretion of the thyroid gland

Back 64

-muscle cramps

-growth retardation and retention of child's body proportions

-constipation

-impotence

Front 65

This hormone is produced by the parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland

Back 65

Calcitonin

Front 66

The following is true about the pineal gland

Back 66

Its only major secretory product is melatonin

Front 67

The secretion of parathyroid hormone is primarily stimulated by

Back 67

Decrease of calcium

Front 68

Hyposecretion of vasopressin

Back 68

Diabetes insipidus

Front 69

Hypersecretion of catecholamines

Back 69

Hypertension

Front 70

Hyposecretion of thyroid hormones in infants or young children

Back 70

Cretinism

Front 71

Hyposecretion of cortisol or aldosterone

Back 71

Addison's disease

Front 72

Hypersecretion of B cells of pancreas

Back 72

Diabetes mellitus

Front 73

Hypersecretion of glucocorticoids

Back 73

Cushing's syndrome

Front 74

Hyposecretion of gonadocorticoids

Back 74

Adrenogenital syndrome

Front 75

Hypersecretion of aldosterone

Back 75

Conn's syndrome