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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Lancaster Turnpike
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The first major transportation project linking the East to the trans-Allegheny West was this toll road in 1790's-It was the first turnpike of importance, and because the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania could not afford to pay for its construction, it was privately built by the Philadelphia and Lancaster Turnpike Road Company.
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Erie Canal
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It was opened as a toll waterway connecting New York to the Great Lakes. -opened in 1825-cut transport costs by about 95%-opened regions farther west to settlement, and helped New York City become the chief U.S. port
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Samuel Slater
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American industrialist -He was considered the father of the factory system-brought British textile technology to America-replicating British factory equipment for a textile mill, and earned the owner's backing to design and build the first horse-powered and water-powered mill in the United States.-1789 violated a British emigration law that prohibited the spread of British manufacturing technology to other nations.1780's
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Kitchen Cabinet
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Unofficial advisors to the President -
Small group of close advisers to a prime minister or president, who informally gather to take decisions on government policy. The term was first used to describe the meetings in the White House kitchen between President Andrew Jackson and his friends to discuss government business. There is often tension between members of a kitchen cabinet, who are able to influence policy in an informal way, and those ministers who have direct and official responsibility for government departments but see themselves cut out of the decision-making process. |
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Trail of Tears
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Thousands of Indians Died During This Relocation 1790-1830-In 1830 the Congress of the United States passed the "Indian Removal Act. signed by Jackson-Cherokees attempted to challenge In Cherokee Nation v. Georgia,
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Maysville Road Veto
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May 27, 1830 when President Andrew Jackson vetoed a bill which would allow the Federal government to purchase stock in the Maysville-projects of state funding were considered unconstitutional
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Charles River Bridge Case
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Charles River Bridge Case decided in 1837 by the U.S. Supreme Court. The Charles River Bridge Company had been granted (1785) a charter by the state of Massachusetts to operate a toll bridge. The state later authorized (1828) a competing bridge that would eventually be free to the public. The Charles River Bridge Company brought suit against the competing company, claiming that the state charter had given it a monopoly. The court upheld the state's authorization to the other company, holding that since the original charter did not specifically grant a monopoly, the ambiguity in the contract would operate in favor of the public, thus allowing a competing bridge. The holding modified the Dartmouth College Case , which held that a state could not unilaterally amend a charter.-the interests of the community are more important than the interests of business; the supremacy of society’s interest over private interest
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Peggy Eaton Affair
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The Petticoat Affair (also known as the Eaton Affair ) was an 1831 U.S. scandal involving members of President Andrew Jackson's Cabinet.-the major significance of the scandal was that John Caldwell Calhoun became the first vice president to resign from office, and be replaced by Martin Van Buren
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Specie Circulation
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an executive order issued by U.S. President Andrew Jackson in 1836 and carried out by President Van Buren-required payment for government land to be in gold and silver
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Force Bill
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1833) authorized U.S. President Andrew Jackson's use of whatever force necessary to enforce tariffs- intended to suppress South Carolina's nullification of tariffs.
Opponents of the bill referred to it as Jackson's Bloody Bill or War Bill-bill was a work of political mastery on Jackson's part as it gave the President the authority to close ports or harbors at his will. -It was meant to stop land speculation caused by states printing paper money without gold or silver backing it. |
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Nativism
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favors the interests of certain established inhabitants of an area or nation as compared to claims of newcomers or immigrants-because of issues of national, cultural or religious identity- Anti-immigration,This was the resentment of German and Irish immigrant to the United States
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Dorthea Dix
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was an American activist on behalf of the indigent insane who, through a vigorous program of lobbying state legislatures and the United States Congress, created the first generation of American mental asylums. During the Civil War, she served as Superintendent of Army Nurses.-social reformer for the treatment of the mentally ill-Investigated state of Massachusetts and received funds for Worcester State Hospital
* Worked for better living conditions in jails and poorhouses *Founded 32 mental hospitals, 15 schools, 1 school for blind * Assisted in founding hospitals and libraries *Superintendent of Union Army Nurses in Civil War |
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Maine Laws
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basically....
don't kill don't steal don't forget to pay your taxes. -Neal S. Dow nicknamed the "Napoleon of Temperance" was a Prohibition of alcohol, often referred to simply as prohibition, also known as The Noble Experiment, refers to a sumptuary law which prohibits alcohol.... ist mayor of Portland, Maine Portland, Maine Portland is the largest city in the U.S. state of Maine and the county seat of Cumberland County, Maine. The city population was 64,249 at the 2000 United States Census.... , known as the "Father of Prohibition". He sponsored the "Maine law Maine law The Maine law, passed in 1851 in Maine, was one of the first statutory implementations of the developing temperance movement in the United States.... of 1851", which prohibited the manufacture and sale of liquor. Dow was widely criticized for his heavy handed tactics during the Portland Rum Riot Portland Rum Riot The Portland Rum Riot, also called the Maine Law Riot, was a brief but violent period of civil unrest that occurred in Portland, Maine on June 2, 1855 in response to the Maine law which prohibited the sale and manufacture of alcohol in the state the year before.... of 1855. |
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Edgar Allen Poe
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was an American writer, poet, editor and literary critic, considered part of the American Romantic Movement.-He was an eccentric genius whose works were full of horror. “The Raven” was his most famous work
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Pet Banks
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The term implied that the state banks were controlled by Jackson. By 1836 there were 23 "pet banks" or state banks with US Treasury funds[citation needed- The term gained currency because most of the banks were chosen not because of monetary fitness but on the basis of the spoils system, which rewarded political allies of Andrew Jackson[
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Compromise Tariff of 1833
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was proposed by Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun as a resolution to the Nullification Crisis. It was adopted to gradually reduce the rates after southerners objected to the protectionism found in the Tariff of 1832 and the 1828 Tariff of Abominations, which had prompted South Carolina to threaten secession from the Union.-This was written by Henry Clay in an effort to pacify the southern plantation owners and keep the New England manufacturers happy
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cult of domesticity
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was a prevailing view among upper and middle class white women during the nineteenth century, in Great Britain and the United States.
According to the ideals of the cult of domesticity, women were supposed to embody perfect virtue in all senses. The women who abided by and promoted these standards were generally literate and lived in the northeast, particularly New York and Massachusetts.-A women’s proper role was acting as a moral leader and educator of the family |
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Seneca Falls Conferance
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The seed for the first Woman's Rights Convention was planted in 1840, when Elizabeth Cady Stanton met Lucretia Mott at the World Anti-Slavery Convention in London-This event issued a historic declaration of women’s rights
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Shakers
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The United Society of Believers in Christ’s Second Appearing, known as the Shakers, is a Protestant religious sect.-This utopian society had an opposition to both marriage and free love led to their extinction. They also believed in celibacy, equal spiritual value of men and women, and simplicity of architecture and furnishings.
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Lyceum Movement
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lyceums contributed to the broadening of the school curricula and the development of local museums and libraries.-The lyceums were voluntary local associations that sponsored lectures and debates on topics of current interest. The first was founded in 1826
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Spoils System
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a spoil system (also known as a patronage system) is an informal practice where a political party, after winning an election, gives government jobs to its voters as a reward for working toward victory, and as an incentive to keep working for the party—
Andrew Jackson believe that the conferral of office on people based upon political concerns rather than fitness for office benefited the political process |
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Oneidia
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are a Native American/First Nations people and are one of the five founding nations of the Iroquois Confederacy in the area of upstate New York.-This community believed it liberated women from the demands of male "lust" and traditional bonds of family. It eventually became a dominant manufacturer of silver
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common wealth vs. hunt
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labor unions which attempted to 'close' or create a unionized workplace could be charged with conspiracy. -In this court case, the Massachusetts Supreme Court ruled that labor unions were not necessarily illegal combinations or monopolies and strikes were legal
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Know Nothing Party
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nativist American political movement of the 1840s and 1850s. It was empowered by popular fears that the country was being overwhelmed by Irish Catholic immigrants, who were often regarded as hostile to U.S. values and controlled by the Pope in Rome. Mainly active from 1854 to 1856, it strove to curb immigration and naturalization,-Nativist reaction to immigration resulted in the formation of this political party
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