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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
APNEA
|
-CESSATION OF BREATHING
-SECONDS TO MINUTES -FOLLOWING STROKE, S.E. OF MEDS, OR AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION |
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ATELECTASIS
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COLLAPSE OF LUNG TISSUE POST BROCHUS OR BRONCHIOLES OBSTRUCTION
|
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TACHYPNEA
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RAPID RESPIRATORY RATE
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BRADYPNEA
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LOW RESPIRATORY RATE
|
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TIDAL VOLUME
TV |
NORMAL AMT. OF AIR IN/OUT OF LUNGS
apprx. 500mL |
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INSPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME
IRV |
AMT. OF AIR ABLE TO INHALE ABOVE TV
apprx. 2100 to 3100mL |
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EXPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME
ERV |
AMT. OF AIR ABLE TO EXHALE OVER THE TV
apprx. 1000mL |
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RESIDUAL VOLUME
|
V of AIR REMAINING POST FORCED EXPIRATION
apprx 11OOmL |
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VITAL CAPACITY
VC |
TV + IRV + ERV
norm apprx. 4500mL |
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ANATOMIC DEAD SPACE VOLUME
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AIR THAT NEVER REACHES ALVEOLI
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LUNG COMPLIANCE
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ABILITY TO EXPAND
↓ by ↓lung elasticity, passage-way blockage, ↓ribcage movement. |
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SURFACTANT
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LIPOPROTEIN FROM ALVEOLAR CELLS
↓SURFACE TENSION FROM H20 ADHESIVENESS AIDING IN EXPANSION OF LUNGS |
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OXYHEMOGLOBIN
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UNIT OF A OXYGEN CARRYING HEMOGLOBIN
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CRACKLES
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SHORT, DISCRETE, CRACKLING, OR BUBBLING SOUNDS
ie. pneumonia, bronchitis, and CHF |
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WHEEZES
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CONTINUOUS, MUSICAL SOUNDS
ie. bronchitis, emphysema, asthma |
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FRICTION RUB
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LOUD, DRY, CREAKING SOUNDS
OF PLEURAL INFLAMMATION |
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RHINITIS
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INFLAMMATION OF NASAL CAVITIES
ACUTE OR CHRONIC re: upper resp. disorder. |
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A. VASOMOTOR RHINITIS
B. ALLERGIC RHINITIS C. ACUTE VIRAL RHINITIS D. ATROPHIC RHINITIS |
_ COMMON COLD
_ SENSITIVITY REACTION _ MUCOUS MEMBRANE ▲'S _ UNKNOWN MANIFESTATIONS backwards adbc |
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CORYZA
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PROFUSE NASAL DISCHARGE
due to clear,watery secretions from mucous membranes |
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DECONGESTANTS
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^VASOCONSTRICTION
↓ INFLAM./EDEMA OF NASAL MUCOSA - RAPID ONSET/SHORT EFFECT - HABIT FORMING |
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ANTIHISTAMINES
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CONTERACTS ALLERGY AND COLD LIKE EFFECTS OF HISTAMINES AND DRY RESP. SECRETIONS BY BLOCKING THE ACTION OF ACETYLCHOLINE
|
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INFLUENZA
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HIGHLY CONTAG. VIRAL RESP. DISEASE CHARACTERIZED BY:
CORYZA, FEVER, COUGH, SYSTEMIC SYMPTOMS LIKE HEADACHE AND MALAISE |
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INFLUENZA A,B,C
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A-MOST SEVERE/INFECTIOUS
ability to alter surface antigens B-LESS SEVERE/INFECTIOUS C-MILD TO UNRECOGNIZABLE |
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REYE'S SYNDROME
|
FATAL COMP. OF FLU IN CHILDREN/SOME OLDER ADULTS
-HEPATIC FAILURE -ENCEPHALOPATHY |
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SINUSITIS
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INFLAM. OF MUCOUS MEM.S OF SINUSES
|
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PHARYNGITIS
TONSILITIS |
BACTERIAL/VIRAL INFECTION CAUSING INFLAMMATION
SPREAD BY DROPLET NUCLEI |
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EPIGLOTTITIS
|
UNCOMMON INFLAM. OF EPIGL.
PRESENTS AS MED. EMERGENCY DUE TO AIRWAY BLOCKAGE |
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LARYNGITIS
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INFLAM. OF LARYNX CAUSING APHONIA
TX-VOICE REST, STEAM, AVOID IRRITANTS |
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PERTUSIS
whooping cough |
^CONTAG. BACT. URI
suspected w/ cough ^ 7d, vomiting, ^at night. |
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EPISTAXIS
|
NOSEBLEED
TRAUMA, DRYNESS, INFECT., HTN BLEEDING DISORDERS ANTICOAGULANTS/ANTIPLATEL. |
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SLEEP APNEA
|
INTERMITTENT ABSENCE OF AIRFLOW DURING SLEEP
|
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BRONCHITIS
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INFLAM. OF BRONCHI
ACUTE-COMMON, RISK ^ SMOKING AND IMPAIRED IMMUNE SYSTEM CHRONIC- COPD |
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DYSPNEA
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DIFFICULT OR LABORED BREATHING
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HEMOPTYSIS
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BLOODY SPUTUM
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CYANOSIS
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GRAY TO BLUE SKIN FROM DEOXYGENATED HEMOGLOBIN
|
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LOWER RESP. CHEST WALL DISORDERS
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COUGH, DYSPNEA, EXCESS MUCOUS, HEMOPTYSIS, CHEST PAIN, FEVER, ANOREXIA, MALAISE, CYANOSIS
|
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PNEUMONIA
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INFLAM. OF PARENCHYMA(BRONCHIOLES/ALVEOLI)
INFECTIOUS-BACT.,VIRAL,FUNG NONINFECT.-INSPIR. OF GASTRIC CONTENTS, TOXIC GAS |
|
1. LOBAR PNEUMONIA
2. BRONCHOPNEUMONIA 3. INTERSTITIAL PNEUMONIA 4. MILIARY PNEUMONIA |
_INFLAM OF ALVEOLAR/ CONNECT. TISSUE, ↓ GAS EXCH
_DEPENDENT PORTIONS, PATCHY CONSOLIDATION, EXUDATE REMAINS, <EDEMA _^# LESIONS OF INFLAM FROM BLOOD SPREAD PATHOGEN _^EXUDATE, INVOLVES ENTIRE REGION backwards- 1,4,3,2 |
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EMPYEMA
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ACCUM. OF PURULENT EXUDATE IN PLEURAL CAVITY
BACTEREMIA SPREADS INFECT TO OTHER TISSUES |
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HYPOXEMIA
|
LOW LEVELS OF O2 IN BLOOD
|
|
SEVERE ACUTE RESP. SYNDROM
SARS |
LOWER RESP ILLNESS
PRIMARILY SPREAD BY CONTACT OF RESP. SECRET.S |
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LUNG ABSCESS
|
AREA OF LUNG DESTRUCTION, NECROSIS, AND PUS FORMATION
CONSOLIDATED TISSUE> NECROTIC TISSUE>LUNG ABSCESS |
|
TUBERCULOSIS
TB |
CHRONIC, RECURRING INFECT. DISEASE OF LUNGS
RESISTANT, DROPLET |
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PLEURITIS
|
INFLAM. USUALLY SECONDARY TO ANOTHER CONDITION.
IRRITATES FIBERS OF PARIETAL PLEURA CHARACTERISTIC PAIN |
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PLEURAL EFFUSION
|
^of fluid in pleural space
RESULT FROM EITHER SYSTEMIC OR LOCAL DISEASE |
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THORACENTESIS
|
REMOVAL OF AIR/FLUID FROM PLEURAL SPACE VIA NEEDLE
|
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PNEUMOTHORAX
|
ACCUMULATION OF AIR IN PLEURAL SPACE
IMPAIRS NEG. PRESSURE>IMPAIRS LUNG EXPANSION>ALTERS EXTENT OF LUNG COLLAPSE |
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HEMOTHORAX
|
BLOOD IN PLUERAL SPACE
IMPAIRS VENTILATION/GAS EXCHANGE. RISK OF SHOCK |
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FLAIL CHEST
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Fx OF CHEST WALL> IMPAIRED VENTILATION/GAS EXCHANGE>DYSPNEA/PAIN
UNEQUAL CHEST EXPANSION PALPABLE CREPITUS ↓BREATH SOUNDS, CRACKLES |
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ASPHYXIATION
|
O2 DEPRIVATION
|