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29 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Leukemoid Reaction
Exaggerated WBC response to infection; usually due to infection
Leukoerythroblastic Reaction
Marrow infiltrative disease; peripheralizes myeloblasts/nucleated RBC
Esosinophilia
Type I hypersensitivity (penicillin reaction); invasive helminthic infection
Helminths NOT producing eosinophilia
Pin worms; adult worms in ascariasis
Atypical lymphocytes
Mononucleosis; CMV; toxoplasmosis; viral hepatitis; phenytoin
Mononucleosis
EBV; EBV attaches to CD21R on B cells
Clinical findings mono
Exudative tonsillitis; generalized lymphadenopathy; hepatosplenomegaly
Lab findings mono
Atypical lymphocytosis; IgM heterophile antibodies against horse RBCs
Lymphopenia
T cell deficiencies (HIV); combined B/T deficiency (adenine deaminase deficiency)
Lymphocytosis causes
Viral Infections, whooping cough
Causes of leukoerythroblastic reaction
Bone metastasis MCC; myelofibrosis
Corticosteroids
Lymphoenoia, eosinopenia, neutrophilia
Chronid MPD
Neoplastic stem cell disorder; splenomegaly; marrow fibrosis; risk for leukemia
Examples of MPD
Polycythemia vera, myelofibrosis and myeloid metaplasia
Acute vs Chronic Leukemia
Acute: blasts > 20% in BM or PB
Chronic: blasts < 10% in BM
Myelofibrosis myeloid metaplasia
Marrow fibrosis; etramedullary hematopoisesis; splenomegaly
Lab findings in myelofibrosis
Tear drop RBCs; drop bone marrow aspirate (marrow fibrosis)
Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Severe anemia in elderly; 30% develop leukemia; ringed sideroblasts
Benzene
aplastic anemia; acute leukemia
Leukemias by Age
ALL: newborn-14
AML: 15-60
CML: 40-60
CLL: >60
AML
Auer rods in myeloblasts
Acute Monocytic Leukemia
Gum infiltration
CML
t(9;22) of bcr-abl; Philadelphia chromosome 22; decreased leukocyte alpkaline phosphatase score
ALL
early pre-B(80%); CALLA (CD10) and Tdt positive; CNS and testicle involvement

t(12;21) offers good prognosis
CLL
B cell neoplasm; decreased gamma globulins; MCC generalized lymphadenopathy patients >60 yrs old
Adult T cell Leukemia
HTLV-1; CD4 T cells; skin infiltration; lytic bone lesions with hypercalcemia
Stomach Cancer Metastasizes where
Left supraclavicular nodes (Virchow node)
Phenytoin
Atypical lymphocytosis
Cat scratch Disease
Bartonella henselae; granulomatous microabscesses