Unit 2 Characteristics Of Life/classification Cole Hoffman

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Classification

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the assignment of organisms to groups within asystem of categories distinguished by structure, origin,etc. The usual series of categories is phylum (or,especially in botany, division), class, order, family, genus,species, and variety.

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Kingdom

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A taxonomic category of the highest rank, grouping together all forms of life having certain fundamental characteristics in common

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Genus

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A principal taxonomic category that ranks above species and below family,.

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Species

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A group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding. The species is the principal natural taxonomic unit, ranking below a genus

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Scientific Name

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Such a name is called a binomial name(which may be shortened to just "binomial"), a binomen or a scientific name; more informally it is also called a Latin name. The first part of the name identifies the genus to which the species belongs; the second part identifies the species within the genus

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Dichotomous Key

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Science Dictionary: Dichotomous Key.Dichotomous Key: is constructed using contrasting characteristics to divide the organisms in the key into smaller and smaller groups; each time a choice is made, a number of organisms are eliminated.

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Mnemonic Device

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Mnemonic devices are techniques a person can use to help them improve their ability to remember something. In other words, it's a memory technique to help your brain better encode and recall important information.

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Eu-bacteria

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a bacterium of a large group typically having simple cells with rigid cell walls and often flagella for movement. The group comprises the “true” bacteria and cyanobacteria, as distinct from archaebacteria.

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Protista

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Protista in Medicine Expand. Protista Pro·tis·ta (prō-tĭs'tə) n. A former taxonomic kingdom made up of eukaryotic, unicellular organisms. Members of Protista now belong to the kingdom Protoctista, a new classification in most modern taxonomic systems.

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Plantae

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The taxonomic kingdom comprising all plants.

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Fungi

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Any of a group of unicellular, multicellular, or syncytial spore-producing organisms feeding on organic matter, including molds, yeast, mushrooms, and toadstools.

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Animalia

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Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms of the kingdom. (Basically An animal)

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Taxonomy

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the branch of science concerned with classification, especially of organisms; systematics.

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Homo Sapiens

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Homo sapiens is the binomial nomenclature for the human species

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Archaebacteria

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microorganisms that are similar to bacteria in size and simplicity of structure but radically different in molecular organization. They are now believed to constitute an ancient intermediate group between the bacteria and eukaryotes.

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Stimulus

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a thing or event that evokes a specific functional reaction in an organ or tissue.

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Cell

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the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism, typically microscopic and consisting of cytoplasm and a nucleus enclosed in a membrane. Microscopic organisms typically consist of a single cell, which is either eukaryotic or prokaryotic.

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Homeostasis

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the tendency toward a relatively stable equilibrium between interdependent elements, especially as maintained by physiological processes.

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Response

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a reaction to something.

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Photo-Synthesis

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Photosynthesis is a noun that means synthesis of compounds in plants aided by radiant energy. Plants absorb sunlight and turn that energy into food; the process is known asphotosynthesis. This is a compound word made up of photo (which means "light") and synthesis (which means "to put together").

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Sexual Reproduction

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the production of new living organisms by combining genetic information from two individuals of different types (sexes). In most higher organisms, one sex (male) produces a small motile gamete that travels to fuse with a larger stationary gamete produced by the other (female).

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Asexual Reproduction

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Involving or reproducing by reproductive processes (as cell division, spore formation, fission, or budding) that do not involve the union of individuals or gametes.

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Producer

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An autotrophic organism that serves as a source of food for other organisms in a food chain. Producers include green plants, which produce food through photosynthesis, and certain bacteria that are capable of converting inorganic substances into food through chemosynthesis.

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Decomposer

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an organism, especially a soil bacterium, fungus, or invertebrate, that decomposes organic material.

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Consumer

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Consumers are organisms of an ecological food chain that receive energy by consuming other organisms. These organisms are formally referred to as heterotrophs, which include animals, bacteria and fungus.

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Dna

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Deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.

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Cellular Respiration

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Cellular respiration is what cells do to break up sugars into a form that the cell can use as energy. This happens in all forms of life. Cellular respiration takes in food and uses it to create ATP, a chemical which the cell uses for energy.

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ATP

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Adenosine Triphosphate. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is considered by biologists to be the energy currency of life. It is the high-energy molecule that stores the energy we need to do just about everything we do.

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Metabolism

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the chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life.

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Organism

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An individual animal, plant, or single-celled life form.