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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. Name Earth's 5 natural systems.
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1. atmosphere 2. geosphere
3. hydrosphere 4. biosphere 5. cryosphere |
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3. What is density?
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Density is the relationship between something's mass and its volume.
d = m / v |
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4. Name the layers of the Earth from the inside - out.
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Inner core, outer core, mantle, and crust
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5. Why does a compass needle point north?
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The metallic compass needle lines up with the magnetic field surrounding Earth's spinning core.
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6. What are landforms?
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Landforms are topographic features formed by processes that shape Earth's surface.
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7. What is a mineral?
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A mineral is a naturally occurring inorganic solid with a definite chemical composition and an orderly arrangement of atoms.
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8. What can geologists infer from the shape of a mineral?
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They can infer its chemical composition because each mineral has a distinct makeup.
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9. Why do crystals grow into large & well-developed shapes?
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When they have the ideal conditions under which to develop
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10. What are the two main families of rock forming minerals?
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Silicates and nonsilicates.
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2. How did Earth develop its spherical shape?
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Gravity pulled in the irregular bumps on the surface of the newly formed planet.
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11. What is crystallization?
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It's when particles dissolved in a liquid solidify and form crystals.
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12. Name the four ways minerals can form?
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1. Cool solutions
2. Hot solutions 3. Magma 4. Changes in minerals |
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13. Name the five ways minerals can be identified?
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1. Color 2. Luster
3. Streak 4. Hardness 5. Cleavage 6. Density 7.Other |
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14. What is a rock?
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A natural, solid mixture of minerals or grains.
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15. How are rocks classified?
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They are classified by
1. Texture 2. Composition |
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16. What are the three major rock types?
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1. Igneous
2. Sedimentary 3. Metamorphic |
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17. How are igneous rocks formed?
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Igneous rocks are formed when magma or lava cool.
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18. What causes holes to form in extrusive igneous rocks?
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The holes are caused by escaping gasses as the magma or lava cools.
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19. Name the three types of intrusive igneous rocks.
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1. granite
2. diorite 3. gabbro |
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20. Name the three types of extrusive igneous rocks.
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1. rhyolite
2. andesite 3. basalt |
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21. How are sedimentary rocks formed?
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They are formed when layers of sediment weigh each other down and force the fluids out.
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22. What is the difference between compaction and sedimentation?
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Compaction is when weight pushed down on sediment. Cementation is when dissolved minerals hold the sediment together.
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23. Name the four types of foliated metamorphic rocks.
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1. slate
2. phyllite 3. schist 4. gneiss |
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24. Name the two types of non-foliated metamorphic rocks.
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1. quartzite
2. marble. |
