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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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pulse rate
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the rate at which the heart beats
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locations of pulse rate
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wrist (radial), neck (carotid), temple (temporal), knee, groin, foot, elbow
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Tachycardia
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abnormally fast heart rate
usually at least 100 bpm |
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bradycardia
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a slow or irregular heart rhythm
fewer than 60 bpm |
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Normal PR
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Adult: 60-100
Teen: 60 - 90 Child (5-12): 75 - 100 Preschooler (3-4) : 80 - 110 Toddler (1-3) : 90 - 140 Infant (up to 1) : 100-160 |
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Qualitative measures of PR
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deep, shallow, bounding, irregular, regularly irregular (pattern), normal, heavy, strong, weak, thready
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respiratory rate
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the number of breaths in a specific amount of time
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apnea
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suspension in breathing
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dyspnea
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difficulty in breathing
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Normal RR
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Adult: 14-20
Teen: 12-16 Child: 18 - 30 Preschooler: 22-34 Toddler: 24-40 Infant: 30-60 |
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Qualitative measures of RR
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faint, strong, deep, shallow, wheezing, crackled, loud, quiet
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True or False:
One inhale and one exhale is one breath. |
True
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diseases related to lung sounds
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carotid bruit
rhonchi rales |
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carotid bruit
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a noise caused by turbulent blood flow in the carotid artery
carotid artery disease |
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rhonchi
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wheezes
asthma, bronchitis, emphysema, pneumonia, airway obstruction, infection, cardiac diseases |
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rales
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crackles
asthma, chronic bronchitis |
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palpate
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to feel
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ausculate
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to hear
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True or False:
Blood pressure is more accurate when measured by a machine |
False
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systole
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the pumping of the heart
bigger # (on top) |
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diastole
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the resting phase of the heart
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sphygmomanometer
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machine that measures blood pressure
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hypotension
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low blood pressure
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hypertension
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high blood pressure
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Blood Pressure ranges
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normal: less than 119/79
prehypertension: 120/80 - 139/89 hypertension: greater than 140/90 (high pressure) |
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True or False:
Red blood is deoxygenated blood |
False
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What is the function of arteries?
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take blood away from the heart
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What is the function of veins?
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bring blood to the heart
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The upper chambers of the heart are called ___________ (singular = ________ )
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atria
singular = atrium |
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The upper chambers of the heart are called __________
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ventricles
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Upper Chambers of the Heart
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Right Atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body via the Inferior and Superior Vena Cava
Left Atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the Right and Left Pulmonary Veins |
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Lower Chambers of the Heart
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Right Ventricle receives blood from the Right Atrium via the Tricuspid Valve (Atrioventricular Valve)
Right Ventricle pumps blood to the lungs via the Pulmonary Semilunar Valve to the Pulmonary Artery Left Ventricle receives blood from the Left Atrium via the Bicuspid Valve (Atrioventricular Valve) Left Ventricle pumps blood to the entire body via the Aortic Valve to the Aorta |
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Blood Flow through the Heart
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Body --> Inferior and Superior Vena Cava (DO) --> Right Atrium (DO) --> Right Atrioventricular Valve (Tricuspid Valve) (DO) --> Right Ventricle (DO) --> Pulmonary Semilunar Valve (DO) --> Right and Left Pulmonary Arteries (DO) --> Right and Left Lungs (O) --> Right and Left Pulmonary Veins (O) --> Left Atrium (O) --> Left Atrioventricular Valve (Bicuspid Valve) (O) --> Left Ventricle (O) --> Aortic Valve (O) --> Aorta (O) --> Body
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the heart lies in which body cavities
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ventral
thoracic mediastinum pericardia |
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what membrane covers the heart
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pericardium
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what are some tests that monitor the heart's activity
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pulse rate
blood pressure EKG echo cardiogram angiogram |
