Unit 1: Chapters 1 And 2

Front 1

the science that deals with the behavior and thinking of organisms

Back 1

Psychology

Front 2

A branch of study that is based on systematically conducted research collect information in a organized fashion

Back 2

Science

Front 3

Refers to those activities of people or animals that can be observed directly or measured by special techniques

Back 3

Behavior

Front 4

refers to unobservable activity by which a person or animal reorganizes past experiences through the symbols concepts

Back 4

Thinking

Front 5

any living person or animal

Back 5

Organism

Front 6

Describe

explain

predict

influence

(PEDI)

Back 6

Goals of Psychology

Front 7

medically Trained, can prescribe medication

Back 7

Psychiatrist

Front 8

Therapy, can not prescribe medication

Back 8

Psychologists

Front 9

MIND-BODY DUALISM

Mind is seperate entity that can controls the body

Back 9

Hippocrates

Front 10

EMPIRICIST

knowledge is gained through experience, observation and experiementation... the core of the scientific method

Back 10

Aristotle

Front 11

INTERACTIONISM

Mind effects body, body effects mind...

cogito ergo sum--I think before i am.

Back 11

Rene Descartes

Front 12

-to be based on observation or experience, to be verifiable.

Back 12

Psychology is Empirical

Front 13

-psychology, by comparison, has many theories to explain human and animal behavior and human mental processes.

Back 13

Psychology is Theoretically diverse

Front 14

-What aspects of human behavior and mental processes psychologists focus on their attention upon impacted by social & historical events in real time.

Back 14

Psychology Evolves in a Sociohistorical context

Front 15

Themes related to Psychology as a field study (3)

Back 15

-psychology is Empirical

-Psychology is Empirically Diverse

-Psychcology Evolves in Sociohistorical Context

Front 16

Themes related to Psychology's subject matter

Back 16

-Behavior is determined by Multiple Cases

-Our behavior is shaped by our Cultural heritage

- Heredity & Environment jointly influence our Behavior

-Our Experience if the World is Highly subjected

Front 17

-While human nature seems to propel is to look for singular or simple explanations if human behavior, experience tells use single causes are rarely sufficient

Back 17

Behavior is Determined by Multiple Causes

Front 18

-A person's cultural background exerts considerable influence over their behavior

Back 18

Our Behavior is Shaped by our Cultural Heritage.

Front 19

-The issue addressed here is that of the role played in our behavior by our biology, our nature, versus the role played by our experiences in the worold since birth by our environment, i.e., by our nature

Back 19

Heredity & Environment jointly influence our behavior

Front 20

- Sensing and perceiving the world around us is and active process.

-Individuals process incoming information selectively focusing on some aspects of incoming stimulation and ignoring others.

Back 20

Our Experience of the World is Highly Subjective

Front 21

Psychology's Contemporary Theoretical Perspectives

Back 21

-Psychoanalytical Perspective

-Behavioristic Perspective

-Humanistic Perspective

-Biological Perspective

-Cognitive Perspective

Front 22

-Behavior is directed by forces within one's personality which are instinct driven or associated with childhood experiences

- Emphasizes internal impulses, desires, and conflicts especially those that are unconcous.

-ID, Ego, Superego

Back 22

Psychoanalytical

(Sigmund Freud)

Front 23

-Stresses the role of external rewards and punishment

-Behavior is directed, shaped and controlled by environmental foreces

Back 23

Behavioristic

( Ivan Pavlov, B.F. Skinner)

Front 24

-Emphasizes Self-image and self-actualization

-Behavior is guided by one's self-image, by subjective perceptions of the world, and by needs for personal growth.

Back 24

Humanistic

(Abraham Maslow)

Front 25

-Seeks to explain behavior through activity of the brain and nervous system, physiology, genetics, and endocrine system, biochemistry, and evolution.

Back 25

Biological or nuerobiological

(Rodger Sperry)

Front 26

-Concerned with thinking, knowing, perceiving, understanding, memory, decision making, and judgement.

Back 26

Cognitive

(Jean Piaget)

Front 27

-Emphasizes on Cultural influences

-observational learning, we model behavior that we see

Back 27

Sociocultural

Front 28

Descriptive Studies

Back 28

-Case Study

-Survey

-Naturalistic

-Correlation Studies

Front 29

An observation technique in which one person or group is studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal principles

Back 29

Case Study

Front 30

-
Technique for learning the self-reported attititudes or behaviors of people

-usually by questioning a representative, random sample of people.

Back 30

Survey

Front 31

observing and recording behavior in naturally occuring situations without trying to manipulate and control the situation

Back 31

Naturalistic

Front 32

Measures how two things are related... how they "co-relate"

Back 32

Correlation

Front 33

a research method in which an investigator manipulates one or more factors (independent variables) to observe their effect on some behavior or mental process( the Dependent variable)

Back 33

Experiment

Front 34

a testable explanation of the relationship between two or more variables or as you know an educated guess.

Back 34

Hypothesis

Front 35

things that can change (vary)

Back 35

Variable

Front 36

a manipulated Variable

Back 36

Independent Variable

Front 37

influenced by variable by another variable

Back 37

Dependent Variable

Front 38

participants whom are studying

Back 38

Experimental group

Front 39

the general LARGE group of individuals we want to study

Back 39

Population

Front 40

the individuals chosen from the population that will be studying

Back 40

Sample

Front 41

participants whom are subjected to changes in the independent variable

Back 41

Experimental group

Front 42

participants whom are NOT subjected to changes in the independent variable

Back 42

Control group

Front 43

the subject does not know whom is control/ experiment groups.

Back 43

Blind

Front 44

neither the subject or experimenter knows whom is control/experiment groups

Back 44

Double-Blind