Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Difference between Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic? |
Eukaryotic cells have more advanced cellular organisation. |
|
|
What is cell theory? |
-All living things are made of cells -Cell is basic unit of life -Cells arise from pre-existing cells |
|
|
Cell wall |
Only plant cells. Support, keeps structure, protects cell. |
|
|
Cell membrane |
Both animal and plant. Support, controls movement of materials in/out of cell, barrier. |
|
|
Nucleus |
Both animal and plant. Control centre of cell, DNA. |
|
|
Nuclear membrane |
Both animal and plant. Controls movement of materials in/out of nucleus. |
|
|
Cytoplasm |
Both animal and plant. Supports/protects cell organelles |
|
|
Endoplasmic Reticulum (E.R.) |
Both animal and plant. Rough or smooth. Carries material through cell |
|
|
Ribosome |
Both animal and plant. Produces proteins |
|
|
Mitochondria |
Both animal and plant. Breaks sugars down into energy |
|
|
Vacuole |
Large in plant, small in animal. Store food, water waste |
|
|
Lysosome |
Uncommon in plant, common in animal Breaks down larger food molecules Digests old cell parts |
|
|
Chloroplast |
Only plant cells. Uses energy from sun to make food for plant |
|
|
Golgi apparatus |
Both animal and plant. Modify proteins, package and export proteins |
|
|
Cilia |
Animal cells. |
|
|
Surface area to volume ratio |
SA=outside area of object V=sXsXs Cell gets bigger > SA:V ratio decreases |
|
|
Plasma membrane |
Separates contents from outside environment, protects interior, made of proteins and lipids. |
|
|
Diffusion |
Molecules move from more concentrated to less concentrated |
|
|
Osmosis |
Molecules move from less concentrated to more contentrated |
|
|
Facilitated diffusion |
Carrier protein acts as selective corridor which helps molecules move across the membrane |
|
|
Active transport |
What happens when a cell uses energy to transport something - movement of individual molecules across the cell membrane. |
|
|
Endocytosis |
Process by which molecules move into the cell |
|
|
Exocytosis |
Process by which molecules move out of the cell |
|
|
Isotonic |
Solution is the same concentration on both sides |
|
|
Hypertonic |
Solution is higher concentration than on the other side |
|
|
Hypotonic |
Solution is lower concentration than on the other side |
|
|
Autotroph |
Organism capable of self nourishment, uses photosynthesis or chemosynthesis |
|
|
Heterotroph |
Organism requiring organic compounds for food source |
|
|
Potential energy |
Stored energy not currently in use but is available for future use. Chemical bonds contain potential energy |
|
|
Kinetic energy |
Energy that is currently being used and is doing work |
|
|
ATP cycle |
|
|
|
Photosynthesis |
|
|
|
Shoot system |
Stems- Support plant, conduct water and nutrients from roots and food in form of sugar. Leaves- Food made in photosynthesis |
|
|
Root system |
Water and minerals move upwards into shoot system |
|
|
Transpiration |
The process of water leaving the plant through the leaves |
|
|
|
|
