Unit 1: Before The First Global Age

Front 1

Glacier

Back 1

thick sheet of ice (36)

Front 2

Land Bridge

Back 2

Skinny piece of land connecting two larger pieces of land

Front 3

culture

Back 3

entire way of life developed by a people (22,40)

Front 4

cultural area

Back 4

region in which people share a similar way of life (42)

Front 5

tribe

Back 5

community of people that share common customs, language, and rituals (42)

Front 6

clan

Back 6

group of two or more related families (48)

Front 7

terrace

Back 7

wide shelf of land cut into a hillside (40)

Front 8

first global age

Back 8

era at beginning of 1400s, when long-distance trade and travel increased dramatically (50)

Front 9

Islam

Back 9

monotheistic religion founded by the prophet Muhammad in the early 600s (50)

Front 10

Muslim

Back 10

the people who believe in the Islamic religion

Front 11

Silk Road

Back 11

overland trade routes lining China to the Middle East (52)

Front 12

caravan

Back 12

group of people who travel together for safety (52)

Front 13

Mali

Back 13

landlocked country in Africa; rich trading kingdom in 1200s

Front 14

the Crusades

Back 14

between 1100 and 1300, series of wars fought by Christians to control the Holy Land (58)

Front 15

Renaissance

Back 15

burst of learning in Europe from the late 1300s to about 1600 (59)

Front 16

caravel

Back 16

a type of ship created by Henry the Navigator in Portugal; used to trade cloth, silver, textiles, and grain for gold, ivory, and slaves along the coast of West Africa

Front 17

astrolabe

Back 17

navigational instrument used to determine latitude (59)

Front 18

Olmec

Back 18

lived near Gulf of Mexico; farming community that made one of the first cities; developed a calendar (37

Front 19

Maya

Back 19

lived in rain forests of Guatemala & Mexico; produced enough corn to feed large cities; priests held great power; learned about astronomy & math (38)

Front 20

Aztec

Back 20

settled around Lake Texcoco in central Mexico; constructed a system of causeways to get to capital; complex calendars; worshiped the sun god (38)

Front 21

Inca

Back 21

one of largest empires along west coast of South America; capital of Cuzco in Andes mountains; 10,000 mile system of roads; skilled engineers (39)

Front 22

Hohokams

Back 22

lived in present-day Arizona; dug networks of irrigation ditches to farm the desert land; grew corn, squash, and beans (40)

Front 23

Anasazis

Back 23

lived in Four Corners region (southwest); irrigated desert to farm; created network of roads to link towns; many traders (40)

Front 24

Mound Builders

Back 24

North American farming cultures; built large earth mounds for burials & religious ceremonies; included the Hopewells & the Mississippians (41)

Front 25

Iroquois Confederacy

Back 25

Native American group in Eastern Woodlands; included the Mohawk, Seneca, Onondaga, Oneida, & Cayuga; stopped fighting and created alliance; decisions made by tribal leaders