Unit 1-6 Cumulative Test Review

Front 1

Psychology

Back 1

The science that studies the behavior and cognition of organism

Front 2

Empiricism

Back 2

Knowledge comes from experience via the senses and science flourishes thru obsevation and experiment

Front 3

Structualism

Back 3

School in psych that used introspection to explore the human mind

Front 4

Functionalism

Back 4

School in psych that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function (adapt, survives, florishes)

Front 5

Hindsight Bias

Back 5

Tendacy to believe after learning an outcome that you would have foreseen it

Front 6

Replication

Back 6

Repeating a research study to see if the finding will be the same with diff participants and circumstances

Front 7

False Consensus Effect

Back 7

Tendacy to overestimate the extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors

Front 8

Placebo

Back 8

A blank sunstance used in experiments to make the person in the control group think that they are part of the experiment also produce a false effect

Front 9

Cognitive Perspective

Back 9

To understand behavior one must examine how people think, aquire, store and process information

Front 10

Behavioral Perspective

Back 10

Only obsevable behaviors can be studied

Front 11

Humanistic Perspective

Back 11

Humans are free rational beings with the potential for personal growth

Front 12

Biological Perspective (Neuroscience)

Back 12

Our functioning can be explained by the workings of the brain and nervous system

Front 13

Psychoanalytic Perspective

Back 13

Unconscious motives and experiences or internal conflicts determines behavior, personality, and mental disorders (Freud)

Front 14

Socio-Cultural Perspective

Back 14

Behavior is influenced by social or cultural systems

Front 15

Evolutionary Perspective

Back 15

Behavior and internal processes are adapted for survival;natural selection favors behaviors that echances reproductive sucess (Darwin )

Front 16

Socrates

Back 16

Greek philosopher who believed logic comes from experience

Front 17

Aristotle

Back 17

Greek philosopher who denied existence of innate ideas, heart is seat of mental processes

Front 18

Plato

Back 18

Greek philosopher who believed in innate ideas, brain is seat of mental processes

Front 19

John Locke

Back 19

Englishmen who insisted that the mind is a blank slate; stressed empiricism over speculation

Front 20

Wilhelm Wundt

Back 20

Father of Psychology, founder of first psych lab @ Uni of Leipzig, founder of structualism (introspection)

Front 21

William James

Back 21

Author of The Principles of Psychology

Front 22

John Watson

Back 22

Father of Behaviorism

Front 23

Sigmund Freud

Back 23

Father of Psychoanaylsis and wrote Interpretation of Dreams

Front 24

Carl Wernicke

Back 24

Geman Neurologist that showed damage to the left temperal lobe disrupt the ability to comprehend language

Front 25

Paul Broca

Back 25

French physician who showed the left frontal lobe as critical for the prosuction of language

Front 26

BF Skinner

Back 26

Father of Operant Conditioning

Front 27

Albert Bandura

Back 27

Father of observational learning and publishes social learning theory; Bobo Doll experiments

Front 28

Blackemore and Copper

Back 28

Studies with perception of cats placed in cylinder with horizontal or vertical lines; cats were unable to see the opposite lines

Front 29

EL Thorndike

Back 29

Proposed the law of effect and performed classical conditioning on cats in puzzle boxes

Front 30

Ivan Pavlov

Back 30

Father of classical conditioning; experiments with dogs salivationing

Front 31

Franz Mesmur

Back 31

Father of Hypnosis

Front 32

Phineas Euge

Back 32

Massive damage to frontal lobe when a rod pierced his brain leaving perfect memory and intellect but altered his personality

Front 33

Mary Calkins

Back 33

First female pres of the APA; studies with memory

Front 34

Margerat Washburn

Back 34

First female to recieve Ph.D in Psych (Cornell)

Front 35

Herman Ebbinghaus

Back 35

Father of Memory

Front 36

Monism

Back 36

Term for the belief that mind and body are diff aspects of the same thing

Front 37

Dualism

Back 37

Term for the belief that mind and body are 2 distinct entities that interact

Front 38

Parapsychology

Back 38

Study of paranormal phenomena

Front 39

Human factors

Back 39

Explored how people and machines interact and how machines and physical environment can be adapted to human behaviors

Front 40

Clinical Psychology

Back 40

Studies assesses and treats people with psychological disorders

Front 41

Industrial organizational

Back 41

Apply psychology concepts methods to optimize human behavior in workplaces

Front 42

Cognitive

Back 42

Investigates memory thinking reasoning language and decision making

Front 43

Counseling

Back 43

Assist individuals in dealing with personal problems that do not involve mental disorders

Front 44

IV

Back 44

Experimental factor that can be manipulated variable whose effect is being studied if part of hypothesis

Front 45

DV

Back 45

Experimental factors being studied variable that may change in response to manipulation of independent variable then part of hypothesis

Front 46

Control Group

Back 46

Participants who are not exposed to IV serves as a comparidon for evaluating the effect of the treatment

Front 47

Experimental Group

Back 47

Participants are exposed to the treatment independent variable

Front 48

Polpulation

Back 48

All the members of the group being studied

Front 49

Random Sample

Back 49

Choosing the participants in an experiment so every member has an equal chance of being included in allows you to generalize your results to the larger group

Front 50

Double Blind Procedure

Back 50

A control procedure in which neither the experimenter in charge of gathering information nor the participants are aware of which condition they are in

Front 51

Random Assignment

Back 51

Procedure of dividing the participants into the experimental or control group to minimize previous and differences

Front 52

Hawthorne Effect

Back 52

Term for being selected president in an experiment will affect the performance because they feel special

Front 53

Confounding Variable

Back 53

The difference that exist between the experimental and control conditions that can alter the results for example different room temperatures

Front 54

Case Study

Back 54

Observation technique in which person is studied in debt in hope of revealing universal principles; problem using this: misleading show bias can't generalize

Front 55

Survey

Back 55

Getting self-reported attitudes or behaviors of people usually via questioning a representative random sample of them; problems with using this: people lie wording can alter results may not be representative

Front 56

Naturalistic Observation

Back 56

Observing and recording behavior in a natural situation without manipulating or controlling the situation; problems with using this: informal, doesnt answer how or why

Front 57

Correlation

Back 57

A prediction showing the movement of 1 variable and how it relates the other variable; problems with using this: no cause or effect

Front 58

Illusory Correlation

Back 58

A false prediction that there is a relationship between 2 variables when none exist