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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is pure research? |
Exploring the unknown to extend the boundaries of knowledge. Little impact on action, performance or policy decisions. |
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What is applied research? |
Investigation that has immediate practical utility. Done to answer question about specific problems or to make decisions about a course of action or policy. |
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What is action research? |
Done to aid local decision making. E.g. teaching investigating suitability of particular teaching strategy in class. |
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Types of reasearch based on Approach |
Exploratory Descriptive Explanatory/Casual Research |
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What is exploratory research? |
Unstructured, informal and use to gain preliminary info about the nature of the issue. Done when not much is know about the problem. |
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Methods of exploratory research |
Secondary data analysis Experience surveys Case studies Focus groups Projective techniques Pilot studies |
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What is descriptive research? |
Involves scenarios where concepts, terms and problems are already known and it wants to describe and measure phenomena. What where who when. |
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What is Explanatory research? |
To describe and measure casuality. To make "if then" statements. Casual relationships determined through true and quasi experiments. |
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Research based on subject treatment and type of data collected |
Qualitative Quantitative |
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Characteristics of Qualitative Research |
Inductive Inquiry Understanding social phenomena A theoretical or Grounded theory Holistic inquiry Content specific Affected by researcher's views Narrative description |
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Characteristics of Quantitative Research |
Deductive Relationships, effects, causes Theory based Focused on individual variables Context free Detached role of researcher Statistical analysis |
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Types of qualitative Research |
Case study Ethnograpghy Phenomenology |
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What is a case study? |
The study of an individual. Captures an environment at a point in time. |
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What is Ethnography? |
The study of human culture. |
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What is phenomenology? |
Study an event from the subjects perspective. Captures feelings, emotions, and experiences. |
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What is an hypothesis? |
Statement of an expected outcome. |
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When are hypothesis used? |
Experimental Casual comparative Correlation |
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What is a non directional hypothesis? |
Anticipates a difference but not being able to predict what it is likely to be. |
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Directional |
Anticipating a difference and being able to predict what is. |
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Purpose of Quantitative |
To explain and predict To confirm and validate To test theory |
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Purpose of Qualitative |
To describe and explain To explore and interpret To build theory |
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Nature of Quantitative |
Focused Known variables Established guidelines Static designs Context free Detached view |
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Nature of Qualitative |
Holistic Unknown variables Flexible guidelines Emergent design Context-bound Personal view |
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Methods of data collection in Quantitative |
Representative large sample Standardize instruments |
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Methods of Qualitative |
Informative, small sample Observations, interviews |
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Form of reasoning for Quantitative |
Deductive |
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Form of reason for Qualitative |
Inductive |
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What is action research? |
Applied research that focuses on finding a solution to a local problem in research. |
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What is casual comparative approach? |
Looks at conditions that have already occured and collects the data to investigate a possible relationship between these conditions. |
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What is content analysis? |
A detailed and systematic examination of the contents of a particular body of material for the purpose of identifying patterns, bias within material. |
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What is Correlation research? |
Statistical investigation of the relationship between 2 or more variables. |
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What is descriptive or normative survey? |
Used to describe incidence, frequency and distribution of certain characteristics of a population. |
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What is descriptive quantitative? |
Involves either identifying the characteristics of an observed,p pre existing phenomenon or exploring possible correlations among two or more phenomena. |
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What is developmental research? |
An observational-descriptive type of research that compares ppl in different age groups(crossectional study) or follows a group over a lengthy period of time.(longitudinal study) |
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What is experimental study? |
A study in which participants are randomly assigned to groups that go through different experimental treatments, followed by observations or measurments to assess the effects of the treatments. |
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What is ground research theory? |
Type of qualitative research aimed at deriving theory through the use of multiple stages of data collection interpretation. |
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What is historical research? |
An attempt to solve certain problems arising out of historical context through gathering and examing data. |
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What is observational study? |
A type of quantitative research which aspect of behaviour is ovserved systematically abd with objectivity. |
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What is quasi-experimental? |
A method similar to experimental research but without random assignments of groups. |
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What is triangulation? |
Use of more than one method of data collection in examining research. |
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What is validity? |
The interpretability and accuracy of research findings. |