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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Code of crime list Definition |
Used for the classification of crime in South Africa and has 35 categories |
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Official criminal statistics Definition |
Statistical data compiled by the police, courts and corrections and routinely published by government as indices of the extent of crime |
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National Crime Prevention Strategy Crimes which post the greatest threat to citizens and the welfare of the country |
Crime with firearms Organised crime White collar crime Sexual violence against children Violence added to conflict between groups Vehicle theft and hijacking Corruption in the legal system |
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Crime Patterns Definition |
The rise or decline in specific types of crime, eg the rape of young girls increases but sedition decreases Influenced by geographical area, age, gender, educational level |
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Why we classify crime |
It: Establishes common factors in crimes Systematises data on certain types of crime Determines what acts are, in fact, crimes Answers the question of why people commit certain crimes Predicts crimes |
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Dark figure of crime Definition |
Crimes never reported to the police |
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Crime Trends Definition |
The rise and fall in crime in a particular year. These fluctuations are caused by factors such as the economic situation in the country, educational level and age group
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Past SAPS classifications of crime |
Crimes of Violence - Murder Social Fabric Crime - assault Property-related - theft Commercial - fraud Violence aimed at property - arson Crimes dependent on police action - tracking weapons Robbery with aggravating circumstances |
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Arson Definition |
Deliberately putting a structure on fire |
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Assault Definition |
An attack that may not involve physical contact; includes attempted battery or intentionally frightening the victim by word or deed |
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Burglary Definition |
Breaking into and entering a home or structure for the purpose of committing a crime |
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Car Hijacking Definition |
The forceful taking of another's motor vehicle by using violence or the threat of violence, to command possession of it |
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Self-report studies Definition |
A means of collecting information about aspects of an individual's personal experience such as involvement in offending |
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HSRC Victim survey in 1992 |
bag snatching other thefts of goods or money @ >R50
theft of a car or motorcycle robbery with force assault with resultant pain and injury violent attack on a train molestation in public rape or attempted rape |
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Three official sources of crime stats |
Police reports Judicial reports Department of corrections reports |
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Shortcomings of official crime stats |
Official crime stats only include reported crimes Crime stats are often reported per 100 000 of the population but a portion of that population cannot commit crime (age, institutionalised) |
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Data mining |
Used to identify significant and recognisable patterns, trends and relationships using multiple advanced computational methods to analyse large data bases involving one ore more data sources |
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Crime Mapping |
Used to create graphic representations of the spatial geography of crime. Assist in analysing and correlating data to create detailed visual of crime patterns. Shows hot spots for action |
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Trends according to season |
Summer shows an increase in crime due to: Long holiday season - kids with time on their hands, people on holiday, homes vacant Party season of Christmas and new year Bonus payout Good weather drives people outdoors Heat makes people irritable |
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Trends according to time of month |
End and or beginning of month when pension payouts are made
People have more money to take part in drinking, gambling and partying |
