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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Afterload |
The forces that impede the flow of the blood out of the heart |
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Aortic valve |
Heart valve that prevents back flow from the aorta to the left ventricle |
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Apex |
Pointed end of the heart, the location of the point of maximum impulse |
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Atrioventricular (AV) node |
Group of pacemaker cells in the interact rialto septum that relays impulses from the atria to the ventricles |
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Atrium |
The upper chamber of each half of the heart |
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Automatically |
The unique ability of the cardiac muscle to come tract without nervous stimulation |
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Baroceptors |
Pressure sensors in the aorta and carotid arteries that detect changes in blood pressure; also called pressoreceptors |
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Base |
Broadest part of the heart; where great vessels enter and leave |
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Cardiac cycle |
The series of events that occur from the beginning of the heartbeat to the beginning of the next |
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Cardiac output |
The amount of blood pumped by the heart in one minute |
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Chemoreceptors |
Sensors in the aortic arch, carotid arteries, and medulla that detect increased levels of carbon dioxide, decreased levels of oxygen, and decreases in pH |
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Chordae tendineae |
Tendious cords that connect the edges of the AV valves to the papillary muscles to prevent inversion of the valve during ventricular systole |
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Coronary arteries |
Vessels that deliver oxygenated blood to the myocardium |
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Coronary sinus |
Large transverse vein on the heart's posterior that returns blood to the right atrium |
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Diastole |
The period of cardiac muscle relaxation |
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Electrocardiogram (ECG) |
Record of the electrical currents in the heart |
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Endocardium |
The endothelial membrane that lines the chambers of the heart |
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Epicardium |
The serous membrane in the surface of the myocardium |
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Mediastium |
Space between the lungs and beneath the sternum |
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Mitral valve |
The valve that regulates blood flow between the left atrium and left ventricle |
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Myocardium |
The middle layer of the heart wall; composed of cardiac muscle |
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Pericardial cavity |
Space between the visceral and parietal layers of the serous pericardium that contains a small amount of serous fluid |
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Pericardium |
The membranous fibroserous sac enclosing the heart and the bases of the great vessel |
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Preload |
The amount of tension, or stretch, in the ventricular muscle before if contracts |
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Proprioceptors |
Sensors in the muscles and joints that signal the cardiac center of the changes in physical activity |
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Pulmonary valve |
Heart valve that prevents back flow from the pulmonary artery to the right ventricle |
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Purkinje fiber |
Nerve like processes that extend from the bundle branches to the ventricular cardium; from the last part of the cardiac conduction system |
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Rhythmicity |
Term applied to the hearts ability to beat regularly |
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Semilunar valves |
The two valves that regulates flow between ventricles and the great arteries |
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Sinoatrial node |
The heart primary pacemaker, where normal cardiac impulses rise |
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Stroke volume |
The amount of blood ejected by the heart with each beat |
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Systole |
Contraction of the chambers of the heart |
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Tricuspid valve |
The right atrioventricular valve, which regulates flow between the right atrium and right ventricle |
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Ventricles |
The two lower chambers of the heart |
