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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Adrenal Mass
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Mets
Hemorrhage Adrenal Cortical Ca Pheo Adenoma Cysts (true and pseudo) Myelolipoma Neuroblastoma |
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Renal Tx Complications
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Hematoma - post op
ATN (<3ks) Rejection - anytime Urinoma - post op Abscess Lymphocele Lypmpoproliferative Dx Renal Artery Stenosis |
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Resistive Index Formula
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PSV-EDV/PSV. >0.7 abnl
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Renal Infarct DDX
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Infarct
Acute Lobar Nephronia Renal Tumor Hematoma |
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Neonatal Adrenal Hemm Causes
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Birth Trauma
Sepsis/Anoxia Coagulopathy DDx neurblastoma - doesnt dec in size over time. |
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Christmas tree bladder with diverticula, +/- reflux
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Neurogenic bladder (myelomening, sacral agen, tethered cord, post traumatic, cp)
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Filling defect in the bladder or ureter on IVP
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Tumor
Calc Clot Urachal Remnant Tumor Sloughed Papilla Fungus Ball Ureterocele Inverted Tic Kids: rhabdo, teratoma, pnet |
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Wilms Tumkor assoc with what?
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aniridia, hemi-hypertrophy, Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, nephroblastomatosis, and various genitourinary abnormalities (hypoplasia, fusion, ectopia, duplicated collecting systems, hypospadias, and cryptorchidism)
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How often is wilms bilateral
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5-10 %
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Solitary Renal Mass
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Cyst
RCC Oncocytoma AML Hematoma Acute lobar nephronia Abscess Infarct |
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What percent of AML is associated with TS
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40%
treat after hemm, pain or > 4cm. |
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Incidence of aneurysms in ADPCKD
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11%
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Renal Cysts assoc with
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Dialysis
TS VHL AD and AR PCKD Cystic RCC and Wilms Peri-Parapelvic Cysts |
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Increase Echoes in Urine
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Pyonephrosis
Hematuria Small Calculi/Sediment |
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Emphysematous Pyleonephritis. where is the gas
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kidney parenchyma
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Lower limit of nl size of adult kidneys
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9cm
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Upper limit of nl for infant kidneys
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5 cm
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Medullary Nephrocalc
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Infants - Diuretics
Adults - Hyperparathyroid Med Sponge Distal Type I RTA Cushings Sarcoid Vit D and Phosp Therapy |
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What percent of MCDK pts have contralateral abnl?
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15%
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Enlarged kidneys in neonate, hyperechoic and potter facies
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ARPCKD
Assoc with Hepatic Fibrosis |
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What size gest sac for yolk sac and fetal pole
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8 and 16 mm
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DDX for endometrial 'mass' after delivery/preg?
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endometriitis
retained POC mole fibroid CA |
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Causes of asymetric growth retardation
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placental insuff
maternal malnutrition htn dm smoking anemia drugs |
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Fetal position head down? head up?
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vertex.
breech. |
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Causes of Inc AFP in preg?
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Neural Tube Defects
Abd wall defects Liver Tumors |
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Polyhydramnios DDX?
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Foregut malformations
high- to mid-gut obstructions severe CNS anomalies such as anencephaly Rh isoimmunization diabetes twins. |
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Prevalance of CP cysts?
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2-3%
1% risk of T18 |
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Indications for Amnio with CP cysts?
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other anomalies - IUGR, cystic hyrgroma, overlapping finger, cleft lip/palate
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Normal fetal vent?
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10mm
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Normal size of cisterna magna?
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2-10mm
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DDX of fetal heart pushed to right?
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CDH
CCAM Sequestration Bronchogenic Cyst Unilateral Lung Atresia Enteric Cysts Large Chest wall masses |
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Meckel Gruber Syndrome?
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Encephaloceles
Kidneys Abnln - enlarge and hyerpechoic Polydactly |
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Findings in Thanatophoric Dwarfism?
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Cloverleaf skull
short ribs rhizomelic dwarfism small thorax fetal death |
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Mult rib fxs and short limbed fetus, dec mineralization?
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OI
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DDX of cystic mass from fetal head?
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cystic hygroma - assoc with XO
meningocele/encephalocele teratoma |
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Hydrops causes?
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Immune
NonImmune- arrhythmias fetal heart defects anemias chromosomal abnl torch twin-twin transfusion |
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Criteria for Diamnionicity?
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Separating membrane
Two placentas Male/Femal twins must be dizygotic and therefore have 2 amnio/chorions |
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What type of twinning gets twin-twin transfusion?
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monochorionic
one with hydrops and then other 'small stuck twin' |
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Lenticular hypoechoic mass deep to the placenta with flow? without flow?
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retroplacental vascular complex.
subplacental hemm or abruption. |
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DDX for subchorionic hemm?
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In the more acute state, the differential diagnosis for an abruption includes a myoma, succenturiate placenta, chorioangioma, and co-existent hydatidiform mol
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Subchonic hemm after 16 weeks ddx?
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differential diagnosis for a hypoechoic subchorionic hemorrhage beyond approximately 16 weeks includes an amniotic band and/or a synechia
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Which placental abruption is low pressure, assoc with vaginal bleeding?
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marginal type.
Retroplacental type is high pressure, and usually no vag bleeding. |
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A mass near the cord insertion on the placent?
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Placental Chorioangioma. Assoc with inc AFP and hydrops. DDX is uterine contraction
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DDX of intrauterine mass with adjacent normal fetus?
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twin with normal fetus and mole in other
singleton with hydrops unusual uterine contraction unsual fibroid |
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Placenta Previa Types
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Normal
Low lying Marginal Partial Total Scan with bladder empty |
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Risks for previa
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prior c section
older age uterine operations multiparity |
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Hourglass membranes?
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incompetent cervix
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Punctate echogenic foci in the endometrium post partum
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endometritis
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Hypoechoic ovarian mass without shadowing that resolves after 2 cycles?
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hemm cyst
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Hypoechoic ovarian mass without shadowing that does NOT resolve after two cysts?
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endometrioma
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Fatty liver causes?
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etoh, hyperlipid, hyepral, tpn, dm. steroids, cushings, obesity, chemo,
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Increased density liver
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hemochromatosis
gauchers' |
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portal vein thombosis causes
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portal htn
infections hypercoag hcc post op |
