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69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the contra-indications for adrenaline. |
Avoid repeated dosages in hypothermic patients.
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Adrenaline is indicated for...
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Cardiac arrest, anaphylaxis and life threatening asthma with failing ventilation despite nebuliser therapy.
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The recommended adult dosage for adrenaline during cardiac arrest and life threatening asthma and anaphylaxis are:
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1mg IV or 3mg ET during CPR.500mcg IM for anaphylaxis & asthma.
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Indications and contra-indications for amiodarone
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Indications: VF and pulse-less VT refractory to defibrillation.Contra-indications: None in the context of cardiac arrest.
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Side effects of amiodarone
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Bradycardia, vasodilation causing hypotension and flushing, bronchospasm, arrhythmias (Torsades de pointes)
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Amiodarone adult dosage?
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300mg single IV bolus, never via the ET route.
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Acetyl-salicylic acid's contra-indications are:
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- known aspirin allergy or hypersensitivity- children under 16 years- current treatment with anti-coagulants- haemophilia or other clotting disorder
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Cautions when using acetyl-salicylic acid
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asthma- pregnancy- kidney or liver failure- gastric or duodenal ulcer
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Side-effects of acetyl-salicylic acid
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- gastric bleeding- wheezing in some asthmatic
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Dosage of acetylsalicylic acid
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300mg orally, chewed or dissolved in water
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Contra-indications for atropine
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Should not be used to treat bradycardia in hypothermic patients
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Contra-indications for oxygen are...
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- Paraquat poisoning- Defibrillation- Explosive environmentsCOPD is not a contra-indication in a hypoxic critically ill or injured patient.
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Actions of paracetamol oral solution/suspension?
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Analgesic and anti-pyretic drug.
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Dosage of paracetamol solution for adults?
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960mg or 1g
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Indications for paracetamol solution are...
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Relief of mild to moderate pain and/or high temperature.Intended primarily for use in children but may also be applicable to adults.
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Contra-indications for paracetamol solution?
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Known allergy to paracetamol containing products.If a product containing paracetamol has been given in the last 4 hours or if the maximum daily cumulative dose has been given then further paracetamol should not be administered.
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Contra-indications for salbutamol
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None in the emergency setting.
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Side effects of salbutamol
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- tremors
- tachycardia - palpitations - headache - feeling of tension - peripheral vasodilation |
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Cautions when administering salbutamol are...
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- hypertension- angina- overactive thyroid- late pregnancy (can relax uterus)Severe hypertension may occur in patients on beta-blockers and half doses should be used unless there is profound hypotension.
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Adult dosage of salbutamol?
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5mg via nebulizer at 6-8 liters per minute.
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Indications for syntometrine are...
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Postpartum haemorrhage within 24 hours of the delivery of the infant where bleeding from the uterus is uncontrollable by uterine massage.
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The adult dosage for syntometrine is..
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500mcg ergometrine and 5 units oxytocin
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Contra-indications for syntometrine are...
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- known hypersensitivity
- active labour - severe cardiac, liver or kidney disease - hypertension and severe pre-eclampsia - possible multiple pregnancy/known or suspected fetus in utero |
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Side-effects of syntometrine are...
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- nausea and vomiting
- abdominal pain - headache - hypertension and bradycardia - chest pain and rarely anaphylactic reactions |
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Side-effects of tetracaine 4% gel are...
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- mild vasodilation over the treated area is to be expected- occasionally local irritation may occur
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Contra-indications for benzylpenicillin
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Genuine penicillin allergy.
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Adult dosage for benzylpenicillin is:
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600mg IM or by slow IV
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Contra-indications for chlorphenamine are...
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- known hypersensitivity- children less than 1 year of age
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Side-effects of chlorphenamine are...
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- sedation
- dry mouth - headache - blurred vision - psycho-motor impairment - gastro-intestinal disturbance - transient hypotension - convulsions (rare) |
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Adult dosage of chlorphenamine is...
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10mg slow IV
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chlorphenamine indications |
Severe anaphylactic reactions following IM adrenaline Symptomatic allergic reactions falling short of anaphylaxis but causing patient distress. |
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benzylpenicillin Indications
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Suspected menigococal disease |
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Dextrose 40% gel's maximum adult dosage is...
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up to 69 grams (up to 3 tubes)
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The maximum adult dosage for diazepam is...
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20mg IV, IO, rectal
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Nitrous-oxide is indicated for...
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- moderate to severe pain
- labour pains |
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The adult dosage for furosemide is...
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40 or 50mg by slow IV
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Side-effects of furosemide are...
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- hypotension
- gastro-intestinal disturbances |
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Contra-indications of furosemide are...
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- pre-comatose state secondary to liver cirrhosis, severe renal failure with anuria
- Children <16 years |
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Indications for furosemide are..
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Pulmonary oedema secondary to left ventricular failure (LVF)
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Side-effects of glucagon are...
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- nausea, vomiting
- diarrhoea - rarely, acute hypersensitivity reaction - hypokalaemia |
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The adult dose for glucagon is.
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1mg IM
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Side-effects of Glyceryl Trinitrate are..
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- throbbing headache
- flushing - dizziness - postural hypotension - tachycardia |
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Contra-indications for Glyceryl Trinitrate are...
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- hypotension (<90mmHG)
- hypovolaemia - head trauma - cerebral haemorrhage - sildenafil within the last 24 hours - unconscious patients |
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Hydrocortisone is indicated for...
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- severe or life threatening asthma where call to hospital time is >30min
- anaphylaxis - Addisonian crisis |
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Contra-indications for hydrocortisone...
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known allergy.
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Adult dosage for hydrocortisone is...
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- 200mg IM, IO or slow IV for asthma and anaphylaxis
- 100mg IM or slow IV for Addisonian crisis |
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Contra-indications for ipratropium bromide...
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None in the emergency setting.
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Side-effects for ipratropium bromide are...
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- headache
- nausea and vomiting - dry mouth - difficulty in passing urine and/or constipation- tachycardia / arrhythmia - paroxysmal tightness of the chest - allergic reaction |
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Adult ipratropium bromide dosage is..
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500mcg once via nebulizer at 6-8 liters per minute.
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Adult ipratropium bromide dosage is...
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500mcg once via nebulizer at 6-8 liters per minute.
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Clopidogral indications |
- STEMI * In patients not already taking clopidogral * Receiving thrombolytic treatment *anticipated thrombolytic treatment *Anticipated PPCI |
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Clopidogral contraindications
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- known allergy or hypersensitivity -Known severe liver impairment -Acute pathological bleeding such as peptic ulcer or inter cranial haemorrhage |
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Dexamethasone indications |
- Moderate severe croup |
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Dexamethasone contra indications |
- Previously diagnosed hypertension - systemic infection / sepsis |
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Midazolam indications |
- Convulsion lasting 5 minutes or more and STILL FITTING - Three or more focal or generalised convulsions in an hour - Convulsion continuing 10 minutes after first dose of medication TBI with combativeness or agitation where sedation is required to facilitate effective oxygenation.
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Midazolam contraindications
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None |
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Metoclopramide indications (Maxalon) |
Nausea or vomiting in adults over 20 Prevention & treatment of nausea and vomiting following morphine sulphide. |
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Metoclopramide contraindications (Maxalon)
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- Age less than 20 years - Renal failure - Phaeocchromocytom- Gastrointestinal obstruction Perforation/haemorrage/3-4 days after surgery - Cases of drug overdose. |
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Metoclopramide (Maxalon) Side effects
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- Drowsiness and restlessness - Cardiac conduction abnormalities following IV administration - Diarrhoea - Rash |
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Metoclopramide (Maxalon) Dose
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10mg |
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Morphine sulphate Indications |
Pain associated with acute MI Severe pain as a component of a balanced pain regime |
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Morphine sulphate contra indications |
- Children under 1 year - Respiratory depression (adult <10/min child <20/min Hypotension ( <90 syst, <80 school children, <70 pre-school) Head injury with significantly impaired lvl of consciousness (below P on AVPU or GCS 9) - Known hypersensitivity - Severe headache |
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Naloxone contra-indications |
Neonates born to opioid addicted mothers |
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Naloxone dosage |
400mcg |
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Ondansatron contract-indications |
- known sensitivity or allergy - infant <1 month |
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Paracetamol dosage |
1 gm all routes |
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Sodium Lactate (Hartmanss/ringers) contra indications
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DKA (administer .9% nacl) |
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Tranexamic acid indications |
- Patients with time critical injury where significant internal/external haemorrhage is suspected - Local pt's fulfilling local step 1 or step 2 trauma triage protocol |
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Transemic acid contra indications |
- Isolated head injury - Critical interventions required - bleeding now stopped |
