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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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T/F: The church and state used each other to advance their respective interests during 16th century colonialism. |
True |
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T/F: As it spread into the New World, the Roman Catholic Church readily accepted and respected the native beliefs and customs present there |
FALSE |
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T/F: Reformer Huldrych Zwingli, the founder of the Swiss Reformed Chirch in Zurich, believed that the New Testament ought to be considered more of a guide than a strict sourcebook of Christianity. |
False |
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T/F: John Calvin, though French, founded the Reformed Tradition in Geneva, Switzerland. |
True |
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T/F: The Anabaptist tradition, birthed in 16th century Switzerland, asserted that the government ought to be humbly obeyed. |
False |
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T/F: The Reformation in England resulted in the Anglican tradition, which is basically Catholic theology dressed up in Reformed styles of worship. |
False* |
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T/F: The Peace of Westphalia (1648), which signaled the end of the 30 Years War, finally guaranteed relatively peaceful coexistence between the Catholic, Lutheran and Reformed. |
True |
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T/F: Protestantism has been tolerated in France continuously since the end of the War of 3 Henrys at the close of the 16th century |
False |
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T/F: In England, Puritanism arose from a desire to "purify" Anglicanism from the vestiges of Catholicism— as reflected in the orientation of the British parliament against the crown. |
True |
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T/F: In contrast to the conflicts within the Roman Catholic Church, there were not conflicts within the Lutheran or Reformed traditions. |
False |
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T/F: The revolutions and independence movements in 18th century Europe and elsewhere in the Western Hemisphere led to an increasingly strengthened Roman Catholic Church |
False |
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T/F: World Christian missionary work was the impetus to "ecumenism", or the efforts of different denominations work together. |
True |
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T/F: Western powers in the 19th and 20th centuries at times considered it their duty to bring technology, religion and modernity to "backward" countries. |
True |
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T/F: 20th century decolonization encouraged a return to traditional culture, practices and customs in countries where they had been suppressed by colonial imperialism. |
True |
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T/F: The rise of Islam and Communism in much of Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and Asia exterminated the Eastern Orthodox Churches in those areas |
False |
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T/F: Vatican II displays the conservative and reactionary posture of the Roman Catholic Church in the face of modernity. |
FALSE |
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T/F: In the present "new age" of Christianity, the vast majority of Christians is non-white and not from Europe or North America |
True |
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Protestantism spread to many different regions during the Reformation, becoming popular in many countries. Which of the following is not one of those regions? A. Poland B. Switzerland C. Netherlands D. Germany E. France F. Scandinavia G. Scotland H. England |
A. Poland |
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Which of the following is not an example of how the beliefs of reformer Martin Luther differed with those of the Catholic Church? A. Luther thought indulgences were bad B.Luther disagreed with the doctrine of transubstantiation, which describes the metaphysical nature of Christ’s presence in the Eucharist C.Luther felt that holy living ought not be restricted to monasteries, but ought to be present in common life as well D. Luther believed in salvation by grace alone, through faith E. Luther felt that confession was an unnecessary practice F. Luther believed that Scripture alone ought to be the chief authority of faith |
E. Luther felt that confession was an unnecessary practice |
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In response to the Protestant Reformation, the Catholic Church underwent the Catholic Reformation, or “Counter-Reformation.” Which of the following was not an aspect of this movement? A. Reforms in the Carmelite order of nuns by Teresa of Avila B.The Council of Trent, which reaffirmed Catholic doctrine and condemned Protestant doctrine C. The Inquisition D. Moral and administrative reform in the church hierarchy E.An attack on Luther’s theological position by theologians such as Johann Eck, polemicists such as Robert Bellarmine, and historians such as Caesar Baronius F. Resolution on the issue of grace and free willG. The founding of the Jesuit order by Ignatius of Loyola H. The “Index,” which was a list of banned booksI. The reforms of Pope Paul IV |
F. Resolution on the issue of grace and free will |
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Which of the following was not a movement within Roman Catholicism that introduced new ideas into traditional Catholic doctrine? A.Febronianism, which advocated for local and collective governance of the church over the sole governance of the church by the pope B. Quietism, which advocated for passivity C.Josephism, which advocated for redefining Catholicism within countries' own boundaries D. Jansenism, which advocated for a return to Augustinian dogma E. Gallicanism, which advocated for special privilege for Gallic bishops F. Antidisestablishmentarianism, which advocated for long words |
F. Antidisestablishmentarianism, which advocated for long words |
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Which of the following was not a reactionary posture within Christianity in light of Enlightenment secularism and rationalism? A. Moravianism (Count Nikolaus Ludwig von Zinzendorf) B. Pietism (Philip Jakob Spener & August Hermann Francke) C.Motivation for Christians to leave Europe and settle in the New World where religious observance could "start from scratch" and be done properly (Puritans, Anabaptists) D.Movements that claimed direct revelation from God (e.g., Jacob Boehme, George Fox & the Quakers, and Emmanuel Swedenborg) E. Methodism (John & Charles Wesley) F. Attempts to rationally prove the truth of Christianity G. A renewed focus on the experience, rather than intellectual construct, of faith H. Spiritual stagnation in America |
H. Spiritual stagnation in America |
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Which of the following was not a feature of religion in the United States during the years 1800-1900? A. The birth of missionary forces that spread across the globe B.The emergence of new religions, such as Mormonism, Jehovah’s Witnesses and Christian Scienc C. The Azusa Street Revival D. Continued separation of church and state E. The use of revivals in the Second Great Awakening F. Relatively independent denominations G. “Fundamentalism” arising out of conflict with science H.The institution of churches in newly settled land in the Western United States, mostly Baptist and MethodistI. The Holiness Movement and Pentecostalism emerging out of Wesleyanism J. Schisms within denominations over slavery K. New and influential biblical interpretations, including dispensationalism |
C. The Azusa Street Revival |
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Which of the following is not an example of liberalism within Christian theology in reaction to the rise of rationalism? A. Christianity as an example of universal philosophical truth (Hegel) B. Christianity as Protestant Scholasticism C. Christianity as an ethical system (Kant) D. Christianity as an example of universal feeling (Schleiermacher) E. Christianity as a historical phenomenon (Ritschl) |
B. Christianity as Protestant Scholasticism |
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Which of the following is not an example of conservative tendencies within the Roman Catholic Church in the nineteenth century? A. Vatican I B. The “Syllabus of Errors” C. The doctrine of Immaculate Conception D. The declaration of papal infallibility E. The continued theocratic papal control of ItalyF. Pretty much anything that Pope Pius IX did |
E. The continued theocratic papal control of Italy |
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The nineteenth century saw tremendous growth in the geographical spread of Christianity such that it truly became a global religion. This spread was usually spearheaded not by the Roman Catholic Church but rather by the “younger” Protestant churches. Which of the following was not an area to which Protestant Christianity expanded during this time? A.Islamic lands, though it was often an effort to modernize ancient Christian churches that already existed there B.Latin America, due in part to the efforts of countries that wanted to weaken the conservative Catholic influence in this area C. Southeast Asia, due in part to the work of Adinoram Judson D. Africa, due in part to the work of David Livingstone E. The islands of the Pacific, due in part to the voyages of Captain Cook F. Japan, due in part to an “open door” forced by the West G. India, due in part to the work of William Carey H. Far northeastern Asia, due in part to the settlement of Alaska I. China, partly as a result of the Opium Wars |
H. Far northeastern Asia, due in part to the settlement of Alaska |
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In the early-to-mid twentieth century, many Christians recognized that the idealism and optimism of liberal theology was false. For some Christians, this failure resulted in increasing secularization and a search for answers from non-religious sources. However, other Christians sought to embrace theology that was faithful to the revelation of God in Christ, to the reality of sin in the world, and to the need to address social ills. Which of the following is not an example of this “Neo-Orthodox” movement? A. Anti-Nazism and the “Barmen Declaration” B. H. Richard Niebuhr (American) and “post-liberal theology” C. Dietrich Bonhoeffer (German) and “costly grace” D. Billy Graham (American) and “evangelicalism”E.Martin Luther King, Jr. (American) and the radical obedience of “non-violent resistance” F. Karl Barth (Swiss) and “theology of crisis” G. Joseph Hromádka (Czech) and “Christian socialism” H. Reinhold Niebuhr (American) and “Christian social justice” |
D. Billy Graham (American) and “evangelicalism" |
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Which of the following is not a sign of the end of modernity in Christianity? A. The rise of "minorities" and women as theological voices within Christianity B.The rise of Pentecostalism, especially in Latin America, including its emphasis on spirituality C.The rise of contextual theologies in the young churches founded by missionaries D. The rise of apologetics and its challenge to intellectual challenges |
D. The rise of apologetics and its challenge to intellectual challenges |
