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76 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Developed the dramaturgical analogy
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Ervine Goffman
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Interactionist
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Stated identities are like shirts we can change at our will
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Hobsbawn
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Post modernist
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Spoke of modern society being a pick and mix culture - we can choose what we indulge in
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Strinati
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Post modernist
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Spoke of 3 types of middle class identity - post modernist, ascetic and managerial
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Savage
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Said the middle classes shared:
-valuing home ownership -valuing education -belief in meritocracy |
Roberts
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Spoke of how many youth subcultures adopted bricolage as a show of identity
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Hebdige
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Notes family provides children with an identity - their only role is in the family. Family roles provide them with a blueprint with their own role
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Baumeister
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Argues a great deal of primary socialisation is to encourage social conformity, and acceptance of social control
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Morgan
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'We are cultural dopes, passively accepting the norms and values handed down through socialisation'
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Garfinkel
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Education is a giant myth making machine (of meritocracy)
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Bowles and Gintis
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Parents have become paranoid - traditionally good parents would stimulate/care for their child, now their main role is to protect them from danger, which doesn't allow for the adventure aiding development
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Frank Furedi 2001
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A value consensus is needed for society to function. Values must be internalised - personalities of children must be moulded in the shape of their culture
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Talcott Parsons
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Education performs the function of the reproduction of labour
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Bowles and Gintis
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Created 'giant myth making machine' concept
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Education performs the function of the reproduction of labour
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Bowles and Gintis
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Created 'giant myth making machine' concept
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Found from studying white middle class boys that peer groups were a source of confidence, & social isolation had the opposite effect
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Adler and Adler
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Found Bollywood movies created links in Asian communities in Southall, and helped develop a sense of identity, despite mixed reactions amongst different age groups
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Marie Gillepsie
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1993
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Coined the 'looking glass self' concept
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Charles Cooley
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Coined the 'looking glass self' concept
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Charles Cooley
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Studied a group of black girls in a London comprehensive & found they defied the negative labelling they received
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Margaret Fuller
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What 3 groups do the upper class fit into?
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Jet set, entrepreneurs & land owning aristocrats
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What 3 groups do the upper class fit into?
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Jet set, entrepreneurs & land owning aristocrats
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Studied the 3 richest men in the world & found they valued work as a source of pleasure, fun and excitement
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Rojek
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What do the following middle class groups value, respectively? Professionals/white collar/self-employed
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Altruism, cultural capital, education/don't hold us and them relationship with managers/independence, discipline, meritocracy
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Said 'they (middle classes) take more holidays, play more sports, make more visits to theatres and the countryside and eat out more frequently'
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Roberts 2001
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Said 'they (middle classes) take more holidays, play more sports, make more visits to theatres and the countryside and eat out more frequently'
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Roberts 2001
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Found working class identity is still strong, but adapted to cope with exclusion, hardship and humiliation
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Simon Charlesworth 2000
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Performed Deadmans Town study, looking at a deprived council estate in Rotherham
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Suggested working class culture revolves around being work shy, anti authority, anti education, immoral and welfare dependant
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Murray
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New Right
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Found class identity had weakened by interviewing 178 mancinians, finding most classed themselves as 'normal/ordinary'
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Savage 2001
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Developed the term 'moral panic'
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Stanley Cohen
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Studied New Guinea tribes and found evidence supporting gender being a social construct
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Margaret Mead
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Tchambuli, mundugamor, arapesh
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Studied New Guinea tribes and found evidence supporting gender being a social construct
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Margaret Mead
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Tchambuli, mundugamor, arapesh
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Referred to hegemonic femininity/masculinity - and that it can be difficult for boys and girls to adopt an identity that does not conform to these
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Connell 2002
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Studied New Guinea tribes and found evidence supporting gender being a social construct
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Margaret Mead
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Tchambuli, mundugamor, arapesh
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Referred to hegemonic femininity/masculinity - and that it can be difficult for boys and girls to adopt an identity that does not conform to these
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Connell 2002
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In 'swots' study, found that boys who constructed alternate identities became ridiculed, so would sometimes change their behaviour to avoid this
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Emma Renold 2001
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Observed the 'lad/ladette' culture, finding a converging of male/female identities
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Carolyn Jackson
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Observed the 'lad/ladette' culture, finding a converging of male/female identities
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Carolyn Jackson
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Highlighted the emergence of the metrosexual man
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Mort 1996
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Observed the 'lad/ladette' culture, finding a converging of male/female identities
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Carolyn Jackson
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Highlighted the emergence of the metrosexual man
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Mort 1996
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Freedom's children conducted research on a sample of 18-34 year olds, finding a shift in the values of young people, relating to a growth in confidence, and a growth in converging gender identities
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Helen Wilkinson 1997
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Argued lesbians have always had a lower social profile than gays. Stated radical feminism & the feminisation of the market has benefitted lesbians
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Taylor 1997
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Argued lesbians have always had a lower social profile than gays. Stated radical feminism & the feminisation of the market has benefitted lesbians
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Taylor 1997
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Said homosexuality doesn't have the same status as heterosexuality. Stereotypes are used in the media as being gay doesn't show.
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Dyer 1991 & Craig 1992
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Found schools conducted in a way that reinforced gender stereotyping (calling girls 'sweetheart', but boys by their last name, etc
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Christine Skelton
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Argued subcultures were a protest to exploitation and inequality, expressed through style - 'resistance through rituals'
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Hall & Jefferson
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Argue youth subcultures are enjoyment oriented, not an act of resistance
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Bennett 2001
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Post modernist
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Socialist ideology seeing youth subcultures as a result of confusion, due to the need to find oneself, which is difficult due to the lack of rites of passage
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Interactionist
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Socialist ideology seeing youth subcultures as a result of confusion, due to the need to find oneself, which is difficult due to the lack of rites of passage
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Interactionist
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'Old people are forced to wear the mask of old age' - expected to act in terms of ageist stereotypes
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Featherstone 1989
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Suggested the media perpetuated stereotypes old people are dependant on others, non sexual, unable to contribute to society, less than human, in need of pity/praise, etc
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Barnes 1992
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Suggested the media perpetuated stereotypes old people are dependant on others, non sexual, unable to contribute to society, less than human, in need of pity/praise, etc
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Barnes 1992
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Argued disability can result in a strained interaction, and thus a spoiled identity (due to the reactions of others, and difficulty of impression management)
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Goffman
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Disability can create a gap between the actual self and virtual self
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Suggested the media perpetuated stereotypes old people are dependant on others, non sexual, unable to contribute to society, less than human, in need of pity/praise, etc
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Barnes 1992
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Argued disability can result in a strained interaction, and thus a spoiled identity (due to the reactions of others, and difficulty of impression management)
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Goffman
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Disability can create a gap between the actual self and virtual self
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Thought negative attitudes to the disabled were a result of capitalist society, and that disability was not thought of as problematic pre industrially
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Finkelstein 1980
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Found there was no 1 single black identity, but many were united by a sense of discrimination and history
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Paul Gilroy
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Found there was no 1 single black identity, but many were united by a sense of discrimination and history
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Paul Gilroy
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Found black identities required effort and work to construct, 'the art of being black'
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Clare Alexander
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Found there was no 1 single black identity, but many were united by a sense of discrimination and history
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Paul Gilroy
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Found black identities required effort and work to construct, 'the art of being black'
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Clare Alexander
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Talked of a crossover of Asian culture - bhangra etc
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Bennett 2001
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Found, from studying a deprived w/c estate, many young whites felt they had an 'invisible culture' - cultural symbols had been reappropriated by fascist groups
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Hewitt 1996
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When writing an anti racism book in 1952, developed the 'white mask, black skin' concept - blacks acting white to try and achieve social acceptance
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Frank Fanon
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When writing an anti racism book in 1952, developed the 'white mask, black skin' concept - blacks acting white to try and achieve social acceptance
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Frank Fanon
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Spoke of dual identities and code switching of ethnic minority children
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Johal and Bains
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When writing an anti racism book in 1952, developed the 'white mask, black skin' concept - blacks acting white to try and achieve social acceptance
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Frank Fanon
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Spoke of dual identities and code switching of ethnic minority children
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Johal and Bains
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The dispersal of an ethnic population from it's homeland, whilst retaining ties to the culture of the homeland. This results in the adoption of two identities
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Like Johal and Bains
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When writing an anti racism book in 1952, developed the 'white mask, black skin' concept - blacks acting white to try and achieve social acceptance
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Frank Fanon
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Spoke of dual identities and code switching of ethnic minority children
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Johal and Bains
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The dispersal of an ethnic population from it's homeland, whilst retaining ties to the culture of the homeland. This results in the adoption of two identities
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Like Johal and Bains
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Observed young Muslim girls wearing hijabs to assert their cultural identity
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Mirza
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Spoke of the 'dinner table test' - when it becomes acceptable to be discriminatory to a group in a casual setting
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Baroness Warsi
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Spoke of the 'dinner table test' - when it becomes acceptable to be discriminatory to a group in a casual setting
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Baroness Warsi
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Found hybrid identities emerging amongst young black/white/asians; they tried out new cultural masks
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Les Back 1996
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