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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the incidence of brain tumors? Males vs. females? What is the lifetime risk? What percent of cancer patients will ultimately develop brain mets? |
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Draw the pathways from neural stem cell to astrocyte, ependyma, oligodendrocyte, and neuron. |
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What are the three different types of glial tumors? |
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What are the astrocytic/glial cell tumors? What are the two nerve tumor types? |
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What are the two most common types of brain neoplasia? |
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What are the three types of primary cranial INTRA-AXIAL tumors?
What are the two types of primary cranial EXTRA-AXIAL tumors? |
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What are three definitive risk factors for CNS tumors?
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Identify the syndrome |
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Identify the tumor type |
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What is cerebral perfusion pressure? |
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What are these signs and symptoms of? What do they result from? |
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What are some focal signs that can result from CNS tumors? What do they result from? |
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What can involvement and pressure on blood vessels in the brain result in? What can obstruction of CSF pathways result in? What sign? |
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Identify the symptoms associated with 1-4? |
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What are gradually progressive neurologic symptoms and deficits highly suggestive of? What is the study of choice for suspected tumor? Neurologic deficits develop more rapidly with what?
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What is the difference between T1 weighted and T2 weighted MRI? How does the water and injected dye appear in each? |
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What type of MRI? |
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What type of MRI? |
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What is an umbrella term used to describe tumors that are derived from the supporting glial cells of the CNS?
What are the three major subtypes?
What is the most common primary tumor? Differences between grades 1-4. Which are more commonly seen in adults? |
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Review |
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What type of glioma? Common on infiltration, fast or slow growing, mass effect, and imaging. |
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Why are corticosteroids used in brain tumor treatment?
What are anticonvulsants given for? |
NON-ENZYME INDUCING ANTI SEIZURE DRUGS
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When is observation used? What is surgery the first line treatment for? When is radiotherapy used? |
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What is radio surgery? What is conformal therapy? What is proton therapy? |
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What are these examples of? |
Conventional 2-dimensional RT |
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What anti-angiogenesis agent has shown efficacy in anti-glioma treatment?
What is the standard of care for malignant glioma and is given concurrently with radiation and continued after radiation? |
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What are all of these factors for? |
Improve patient survival |
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Meningioma: What percent of brain tumors? Peak incidence? Men or women? Derived from what? Slow or fast growing? What are three subtypes? What are some common locations? What are some treatment option? Is the prognosis good or bad? |
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________ are extra-axial tumors characterized by diffuse enhancement and a dural tail. May spontaneously involute and calcify. May cause symptoms by compression of brain structures. _____ (good or bad) prognosis for low grade (majority) tumors with surgical resection. Higher grade tumors require _____ treatment. There is no known effective chemotherapy at this time. Note _____ shaped cells arranged in sheets and whorls, and tail of enhancement over the dura extending from the tumor edge |
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Pituitary tumors: What percent of all brain tumors? Where are they most commonly derived from? What are the two classifications and the differences between the two?
What are some signs and symptoms? |
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How do you diagnose pituitary tumors? What are some treatment options? What drugs can be used (dopamine agaonists and somatostatin analogues)?
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What do pituitary tumors present with? |
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What is the other term for an acoustic neuroma? What cell type is the origin? Where do they most commonly arise? What ages? What sex? Slow or fast growing?
What is the treatment? Bilateral acoustic neuromas are pathognomonic for what? |
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What do Schwannomas arise from? What is the most common site? What are some symptoms?
Treatment? |
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Primary CNS lymphoma: What two parts are affected? What will LP show? What do you do if ocular involvement?
What is the treatment if lymphoma is suspected? What is the prognosis? |
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What does PCNSL develop due to? What prevents most chemotherapy agents from entering the brain? What drug crosses BBB? |
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What is more common and equally as devastating as high-grade glioma? What cancer types most commonly metastasize to the brain? |
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What are now the most common brain neoplasms? What does treatment depend on? What can be used alone if poor surgical risk? |
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What is the prognosis of untreated brain mets? How long will steroids prolong life?
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What is the differential diagnosis of ring enhancing lesions in the brain? |
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What are the signs and symptoms of spinal cord tumors? What are the majority of spinal metastases?
Name three intramural extra medullary tumors? Name three intramural intramedullary tumor? |
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What are the treatment options for spinal cord tumors? |
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