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39 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

What did the aftermath of Bloody Sunday cause a struggle between?

1. The authorities, desperate to keep order and regain control.


2. The demands of liberals, anxious to retain control of the movement for reform.


3. Radical revolutionaries, spread their advantages.


4. Nationalists saw an opportunity to exert their independence.



What did Nicholas say to the workers representatives?

That they were mislead and they should return to work.

How many strikes were there at the end of January?

400,000

How many strikes were there on the autumn 1905?

2,500,000 workers on strike.

How many soldiers had had lost their likes in the Battle of Mukuden?

90,000 soldiers.

How many illegal councils were there?

60 illegal councils.

What Naval mutinies were there?

Kronstadt


Aboard the battleship Potemkin




This spread doubt as to whether the Tsar could rely on the loyalty of his armed forces.

What did the Liberals demand?

Demanded civil rights and a national assembly elected by universal suffrage with full legislative powers. They wanted political rights.

What did the Liberals favour?

A constitutional monarchy.

What happened at a meeting of Zemstva liberals in Moscow?

March 18th meeting in Moscow urged Nicholas to take action to curb revolution.

Where were the liberals strongly supported?

Liberals were strongly supported in universities, became a centre for moderate reformist thinking.

What did the Liberals form?

A professional unions. E.g teachers, engineers which combined in the Unions of Unions under 'Kadet ' leader Pavel Milyukov. May 9th

When did Bulygin publish details of his plan for constitional reform?

July 24th

What did the Social Revolutionaries want?

Wanted to destroy Tsardom.

What did the Social Revolutionaries carry out?

Politcal assasinatiations. E.g Grand Duke Sergi, Tsars uncle.

What did the Social Revolutionaries support?

An 'All Russian Union of Peasants' to coordinate rural action. Encouraged the activities of the peasantry. Failed to put forward realistic and coherent demands. Unable to coordinate the peasants rebellions effectively.

Where were the Social Revolutionaries prominent?

In the St. Petersburg Soviet but they disagreed with the Social Democrats.

Who did the Social Revolutionaries support more?

Supported the demands of liberal reformers than Social Democrats and this made disunity among the opponents of Tsardom.

What did the Social Democrats want?

A workers revolution to overthrow Tsardom.



What did the Social Democrats encourage?

The formation of workers soviets.


Supported to withhold taxes and withdraw bank deposits to cripple the government.

What did the Social Democrats support?

Strikes and organised general strikes in October and November.

Who dominated the St. Petersburg Soviet?

Mensheviks. Trotsky chaired from October to December.

What did the Social Democrats lack?

Direction from the top.

What was the revolutionary newspaper called?

Russian Gazette

What did its circulation increase to?

500.,000

What was the St. Petersburg Soviet?

A non-party revolutionary organisation representing the capitals workers.


Made up of 500 remembers. Represented 96 factories and 5 trade unions.

What was the October Revolution Strike?

Printers + Bakers abandoned work.


Colleges in St. Petersburg came out in sympathy.


Railway workers followed. Government had arrested all the leaders of the Railway Workers Union. Industrial workers, telegraph offices joined the.


Economy came to a halt.

What was significant about the strike?

It had no leadership.


It surprised liberals and Tsarist Government.


October revolution was a popular revolt.



How was the St. Petersburg Soviet effective?

It could influence workers to maintain essential services. It's authority was even recognised by the governement

What did Jews demand?

Equal civil rights.

What did Poles, Finns, Lativans and other ethnic groups demand?

Political independence, breaking up the Empire.

What did the Muslim Union Congress want?

Demanded regional autonomy.

Who created an independent republic?

The Peasant Union of Volokolamsk., which lasted until July 1906.

Who confronted ethnic protestors?

Racisit Black Hundreeds who inflicted beatings and hangings

General Strike in Odessa

Ukrainians voiced economic and political grievances in a general strike in June.

How many workers were involved in strikes in Russian Poland?

400,000 workers became involved in strikes to severe disruption to the economy.

What did the war expose?

Weakness of the autocracy and Russia's backwardness, compared to the modernised progressive Japan.


War and internal unrest, conditions within Russia grew worse.


Production fell while prices and taxes rose, aggravating Russia's social and economic problems.

What happened as a result of strikes?

War and internal unrest, conditions within Russia grew worse. Production fell while prices and taxes rose, aggravating Russia's social and economic problems.

What concluded the Russo-Japanese War

Peace Treaty of Portsmouth. August 23rd 1905.


However did not create a mood of compromise. Rebels grew more confident + strikes became better organised.