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How to find the GCF:

Write all the prime factors for each number. Then look for factors that are in every list. If you multiply together those common prime factors, that gives the greatest common factor.

Suppose you want the GCF of 36, 60, and 156. Their prime factors are:

36 - 2 x 2 x 3 x 3
60 - 2 x 2 x 3 x 5
156 - 2 x 2 x 3 x 13

All 3 lists have 2 x 2 x 3 = 12, so 12 is their GCF.

How to find the LCM:

Step 1) Find the GCF for the two numbers.


For 18 and 30, GCF is 6.


Step 2) Divide that GCF into either number; it doesn’t matter which one you choose, so choose the one that’s easier to divide.


Choose 18. Divide 18 by 6. Answer = 3.


Step 3) Take that answer and multiply it by the other number.


3 x 30 = 90

How to find prime factors:

Make a factor tree!