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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is hazardous substance |
any substance that is: -explosive/ flammable -corrosive -toxic -ecotoxic -generate toxic substance when contacts with water or air |
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persistent organic pollutants (POP) |
-Resistant to natural attenuation -can be passed down from mother to child via breastfeeding |
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bioaccumulation |
-accumulation of substance in organism by 1. respiration 2. food intake 3. skin contact etc. |
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Biomagnification |
- bio accumulation of substance from food to predator on the food chain |
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PCB |
- man made compound -used in heat transfer fluids, immersion oil and sealants - health effect s include rashes / acne - liver, nervous system and immune system damage at high exposure |
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PCB properties |
- resistant to acid and bases, compatible with organic materials - resistant to redox rxn - thermally stable -non flammable |
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dioxins |
-accumulate in fatty tissue -highly toxic - health issues such as cancers, birth defects, reproductive issues - formed when organic material is burnt in presence of chlorine. -destroyed by incineration |
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Acute toxicity |
harmful effects through single or short term exposure |
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chronic toxicity |
harmful effects over extended period |
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influence of salinity |
as salinity increases the solubility of neutral organic compounds decreases. |
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waste management hierachy |
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Mutagen |
increases the rate of mutation above natural background level |
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teratogen |
chemical that causes structural and/or functional birth defects |
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carcinogen |
- promotes cancer |
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Volatilization |
substance changes from solid or lquid to gaseous state |
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partition coeeffcient(Kh) |
-increases witth temp. -reflection of energy associated with keeping compound in solution of aqueous system. |
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surfactants and cosolvents |
- hydrophobic chain and hydrophylic head - can solubulize hydrophobic molecules |
