Tissues

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Tissues

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A group of cells that have a similar structure and that function together as a unit

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Histology

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The microscope study of tissues

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Tissues

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Microvilli

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In regions where absorption is of primary importance such as in parts of the digestive tract the cell membrane on the free surface has numerous small projections

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Thrembocyte, Platelet

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Fragment of a giant cell in the bone marrow

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Dendrites

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Extensions or process

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Neurons, nerve cells

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Cells in nervous tissue that generate and conduct impulses

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Goblet cells

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Flask or goblet-shaped cells that secrete mucus onto the surface of the tissues. Found mostly in simple columnar cells

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Exocrine

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If the gland secretes its product onto a free surface via a duct

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Endocrine gland

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If the gland secretes its product directly into the blood,it is a ductless gland

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Axons

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Carries impulses away from the body

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Fibro blast

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Produce the fibers that are in the intercellular matrix

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Mast cells

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Contain heparin, which is anticoagulant. They also contain histamine a substance that promotes inflammation and is active in allergies.

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Macrophages

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Move about and clean up cellular debris and foreign particles from the tissues

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Osteocytes, bone cells

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Are located in lacunae between the lamelae so that they are also arranged in concentric

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4 types of tissues

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Epithelial, connective, muscle , nervous

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Avascular

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They must receive their nutrients and oxygen supply by diffusion from the blood vessels in the under tissues

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Simple squamous

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Single layer of thin flat cells found in alveoli of lungs, capillary walls, kidneys

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epithelial

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Simple cuboidal

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Single layer of cuboidal cells found in the ovary, thyroid gland, kidney tubules, pancreas, salivary glands

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epithelial

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Simple columnar

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Single layer of tall cells often contains goblet cells found in stomach intestines

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epithelial

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Pseudostratified columnar

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Single layer of uneven columnar cells often contains cilia and goblet cells found in respiratory tract, tubes of reproductive system

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epithelial

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Stratified squamous

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Several layers with flat cells at the free surface found in the skin, mouth, vagina, anus

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epithelial

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Transitional

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Specialized for stretching; several layers that decrease in number and cells that become thinner when distended found in urinary bladder

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epithelial

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Merocrine

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Fluid released through cell membrane; no cytoplasm lost

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Gland

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Apocrine

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Portion of cell pinched off with secretion

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Gland

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Holocrine

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Entire cell discharged with secretion

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Gland

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Loose(areolar)

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Collagenous and elastic fibers produced by fibroblasts are embedded in gel-lile matrix. Binds organs together/beneath skin,between muscles

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Connective

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Adipose

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Cells filled with fat droplets so that nucleus and cytoplasm pushed to periphery; little intercellular matrix. Cushions insulates, stores energy/beneath skin. Around kidneys heart and eyeballs

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Dense Fibrous connective tissues

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matrix filled with parallel bundle of collagenous fibers. Bind structures together/tendons and ligaments

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Connective

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Elastiic connective tissues

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Matrix filled with yellow elastic fibers. Elasticity/vocal cords and ligaments between adjacent vertebrae

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Connective

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Hyaline Cartilage

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Solid matrix with fibers and scattered cells; chondrocytes located in lacunae. Supports protects provides framework/ends of long bones, connects ribs to sternum, tracheal rings, fetal skkeleton

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Connective

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Fibrocartilage

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Numerous collagenous fibers in matrix. Cushions and protects/ intervertebral disks, pads in knee joint, pad between twow public bones

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Connective

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Elastic Cartilage

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Numerous elastic fibers in matrix. Supports and provides framework/esternal ear, epiglottis auditory tubes

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Connective

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Ossuous(bone)

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hard matrix wwith mineral salts; matrix arranged in lamellae around haversian canal; osteocytes in lacunae Protects supports and provides framework/bones of skeleton

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Connective

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Blood

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Liquid matrix called plasma with erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets suspended in it. Transports oxygen proteccts against diseases functions in clotting mechanism/ blood vessels and heart

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Connective

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Location

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Skeletal: Attached to bones

Smooth: walls on internal organs and blood vessels

Cardiac: Heat

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muscle

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Function

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Skeletal: Produces body movement

Smooth: Contracts viscera and blood vessels

Cardiac: Pumps blood through heart and blood vessels

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Muscle

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Cell Shape

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Skeletal: Cylindrical

Smooth: Spindle shaped, tapered ends

Cardiac: Cylindrical branching intercalated disks join cells together end to end

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Muscle

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Number of Nuclei

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Skeletal:Many; Peripherally located

Smooth: one; centrally located

Cardiac: one centrally located

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Muscle

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Striations

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Skeletal: Presents

Smooth: Absent

Cardiac: Present

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Muscle

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Speed of contraction

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Skeletal: Fastest

Smooth: Slowest

Cardiac: Intermediate

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Muscle

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Length of contraction

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Skeletal: Least

Smooth: Greatest

Cardiac: Intermediate

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Muscle

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Type of Control

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Skeletal: Voluntary

Smooth: Involuntary

Cardiac: Involuntary

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Muscle

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Nervous tissues

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is Found in the brain spinal cord and nerves system.

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Nervous

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Nervous tissues

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It is responsible for coordination and controlling many body activities. It stimulates muscle contraction, creates an awareness of the environment, and plays a major role in emotions, memory, and reasoning.

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Nervous

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Glial Cells

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cells that do not transmit impules but instead support the activities of the neurons.

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Nervous

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Neuroglia

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Supporting, or glial, cell bind together neurons and insulate the neurons

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Nervous

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Mucous Cell

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secrete a thick fluid called mucus that contains the glycoprotein mucin.

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Serous membrane

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line body cavities that do not open directly to the outside and they cover the organs located in those cavities.

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Mucous membranes( mucosae)

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are epithelial membranes that consist of epithelial tissues that is attached to underlying loose connective tissues

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Meninges

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the connective tissue coverings around the brain and spinal cord, within the dorsal cavity