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58 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
forms membranes
epithelium
allows movement of limbs and for organ movements within the body
muscle
function is to support cells
connective
function is to communicate
nervous
function is to protect and line
epithelium
uses electrochemical signals to carry out its functions
nervous
supports and reinforces the body organs
connective
cells of this tissue may absorb/secrete substances
epithelium
basis of the major controlling system of the body
nervous
its cells shorted to exert force
muscle
forms endocrine and exocrine glands
epithelium
surrounds and cushions body organs
connective
function is to contract and move body
muscle
characterized by having large amounts of extracellular material
connective
allows you to smile, grasp, swim, ski, and throw a ball
muscle
widely distributed; found in bones, cartilages, and fat deposits
connective
forms the brain and spinal cord
nervous
a tissue is...
a collection of cells
the four major tissue types are:
epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous
the inside of blood vessels is lined with...
Squamous epithelium
where is simple columnar epithelium found?
lining of the small intestine
stratified epithelia...
consist of several layers of cells
transitional epithelium allows the...
bladder to stretch
stratified squamous epithelium does NOT occur...
covering the body
the surface cells of stratified squamous epithelium are continually...
being shed from the surface
which of the following are NOT connective tissues:
blood / tendon / bone / SALIVA / adipose tissue / cartilage
which of the following muscle tissue has branched fibers, intercalated discs between adjacent cells and contracts automatically?
Cardiac muscle
which of the following muscle tissues has long fibers and nuclei on the surface?
striated voluntary muscle
which muscle tissue moves bones?
striated voluntary muscle
which muscle tissue is found in blood vessel walls, in the gut wall and in glands?
smooth involuntary muscle
consists of many cells with little intercellular substance
epithelial
penetrated by blood vessels
connective
does not cover body surfaces or line passageways and cavaties, but is more internally located; binds, supports, protects
connective
found where strength and rigidity are needed, as in discs between vertebrae and the symphysis pubis
fibrous cartilage
white, glossy cartilage covering ends of bones, covering ends of ribs, and giving strength to nose, larynx, and trachea
Hyaline cartilage
provides strength and flexibility, as in external part of the ear
elastic cartilage
tissue forming the walls of the heart
cardiac
attached to bones
skeletal
spindle-shaped cells with ends tapering to points
smooth
contain intercalated discs and gap junctions
cardiac
found in walls of intestine, urinary bladder, and blood vessels
smooth
cells are multinucleate
skeletal
epithelium functions
1. protects us from the outside world - skin
2. absorbs - stomach and intestinal lining (gut)
3. filters - the kidney
4. secretes - forms glands
epithelium characteristics
1. closely attached to each other forming a protective barrier
2. always has one free surface open to outside the body or inside an internal organ
3. always has one fixed section attached to underlying connective tissue
4. has no blood vessels but can soak up nutrients from blood vessels in connective tissue underneath
5 can have lots of nerves in it
6. very good at regenerating
Epithelium classification
1. by shape:
a. squamous - flat and scale-like
b. cuboidal - as tall as they are wide
c. columnar - tall, column-shaped

2. by cell arrangement:
a. simple epithelium -s ingle layer of cells
b. stratified epithelium - stacked up cell laters
connective functions
1. wrap around and cushions and protects organs
2. stores nutrients
3. internal support for organs
4. as tendon and ligaments protects joints and attached muscled to bone and each other
5. runs through organ capsule and in deep layer of skin giving strength
3 elements of connective tissue
1. ground substance - gel around cells and fibers
2. fibers - provide strength, elasticity and support
3. cells
2 kinds of connective tissue
1. loose connective tissue
2. dense connective tissue
loose connective tissue
1. areolar connective tissue - cushion around organs, loose arrangement of cells and fibers
2. adipose tissue - storehouse for nutrients, packed with cells and blood vessels
3. reticular connective tissue - internal supporting framework of some organs, delicate network of fibers and cells
dense connective tissue
1. dense regular connective tissue - tendons and ligaments, regularly arranged bundles packed with fibers running same way for strength in one direction
2. dense irregular connective tissue - skin, organ capsules, irregularly arranged bundles packed with fibers for strength in all directions
special connective tissues
cartilage
bone
blood
cartilage functions
1. provides strength with flexibility while resisting wear
2. cushions and shock absorbs where bones meet
bone functions
1. provides framework and strength for body
2. allows movement
3. stores calcium
4. contains blood-forming cells
blood functions
1. transports oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nutrients around the body
2. immune response
nervous tissue functions
conducts impulses to and from body organs via neurons
3 elements of nervous tissue
1. brain
2. spinal cord
3. nerves
muscle tissue functions
1. responsible for body movement
2. moves blood, food, waste through body's organs
3. responsible for mechanical digestion
3 types of muscle tissue
1. smooth muscle - organ walls and blood vessel walls, involuntary, spindle-shaped cells for pushing things through organs
2. skeletal muscle - large body muscles, voluntary, striated muscle packed in bundles and attached to bones for movement
3. cardiac muscle - heart wall, involuntary, striated muscle with intercalated discs connecting cells for synchronized contractions during heart beat