Tim's 7Th Grade Texas History, Chapter 13

Front 1

treaty

Back 1

A formal agreement between two nations.

Front 2

extinction

Back 2

Means complete destruction.

Front 3

What is the significance of Medicine Lodge Treaty?

Back 3

The Indians agreed to move to Indian Territory, known as Oklahoma, in exchange for the U.S. government to provide food and supplies.

Front 4

Explain the importance of Ranald Mackenzie.

Back 4

He led much of the fighting against the Indians. He pursued and finally caught Quanah Parker, as well as conquering the Plains Indian tribes. He got rid of the Indian problem in Texas.

Front 5

Battle of Palo Duro Canyon

Back 5

The last battle of the Plains Indians against the white settlers.

Front 6

Victorio

Back 6

Apache tribal leader who broke out of the reservation, carrying out raids across the Southwest and Mexico. He and his warriors escaped into Mexico, where they were killed by Mexican forces.

Front 7

What advantage did the Indians have when fighting the U.S. soldiers?

Back 7

1. The forts were too far apart to stop the fighting.
2. The Indians used a hit-and-run attack.
3. Some Indians had rifles.
4. They knew the land well.

Front 8

How did the Salt Creek Massacre affect the policy of the U.S. army?

Back 8

The army no longer would just defend the frontier, but actively work to remove the Indians to reservations.

Front 9

How did the widespread killing of buffalo affect the Plains Indians?

Back 9

Without the buffalo, the Plains Indians could no longer support their way of life.

Front 10

What led to the start of the Red River War?

Back 10

Quanah Parker, and Lone Wolf led an attack on a group of hunters. The hunters held off the hundreds of Indians, and in a few days, reinforcements came, and the Indians had to retreat. Because of this, the Army started a larger campaign to drive the Indians out onto the reservation.

Front 11

vaqueros

Back 11

Spanish word for cowboy.

Front 12

lariats

Back 12

A long rope with a loop at the end of it.

Front 13

quarantine

Back 13

To isolate or separate to prevent the spread of disease.

Front 14

Drovers

Back 14

A person who moves livestock to market.

Front 15

remuda

Back 15

the group of spare horses.

Front 16

mustang

Back 16

wild horses

Front 17

Explain the significance of Joseph McCoy.

Back 17

Persuaded the Railroad to run it's tracks to Abilene, Kansas. He then had drovers drive the cattle to the railroad to be shipped out to the rest of the country.

Front 18

Charles Goodnight

Back 18

Blazed the cattle trail from Texas to Wyoming in a trail to avoid conflict with the Indians.

Front 19

XIT Ranch

Back 19

A very large cattle ranch in the Texas Panhandle. It covered 3 million acres, surrounded by 6,000 miles of barbed wire fence.

Front 20

Who first brought cattle into Texas?

Back 20

Spanish explorers

Front 21

Why did cattle drives take place?

Back 21

As a way to get their cattle to markets in the North where there was a demand for beef.

Front 22

What was life like on the cattle drives?

Back 22

It was dirty and boring. They spent many hours in the saddle, faced many dangers, including river crossings, stampedes, snakes, and the threat of Indian or bandit attacks.

Front 23

Why did the cattle industry enjoy a period of great growth after the Civil War?

Back 23

During the Civil War, the demand for beef had been high. After the war, markets in the north wanted a larger supply of beef.

Front 24

enclosures

Back 24

fenced in areas

Front 25

felony

Back 25

A serious crime that usually results in a jail sentence.

Front 26

sod houses

Back 26

When settlers moved into areas of West Texas they had no trees to build homes, so lived in sod houses.

Front 27

Joseph Glidden

Back 27

aqcuired the patent for a popular design of barbed wire. Barbed wire changed the history of Texas.

Front 28

John Ireland

Back 28

Texas governor who called a special session of the legislature to outlaw the cutting of fences.

Front 29

What groups of people moved to West Texas after the Civil War?

Back 29

First the cattle and sheep ranchers, then the farmers.

Front 30

What hardships did the settlers face in West Texas?

Back 30

1. long distances
2. rattlesnakes and rodents
3. burn hay, cornstalks or buffalo dung for fuel.
4. ate wild game
5. grasshopper swarms
6. blizzards

Front 31

Why did some Texans cut fences in the 1880's?

Back 31

Cattle owners without land, or access to water, cut fences to gain access to food and water for their cattle. They wanted free range.

Front 32

dragoons

Back 32

mounted soldiers

Front 33

guerrilla

Back 33

Soldiers who are not part of the regular army. They usually fight behind enemy lines.

Front 34

desperados

Back 34

reckless, bold outlaws

Front 35

What is the significance of John Coffee "Jack" Hays

Back 35

An important Ranger who rose to the rank of major, who trained his men in frontier warfare.

Front 36

Frontier Battalion

Back 36

One group of Rangers organized to fight Indians.

Front 37

Leander H. McNelly

Back 37

He led the 2nd group of Rangers whose job was to deal with the disorders on the Mexican border.

Front 38

How did the Texas Rangers help the U.S. Army during the Mexican War?

Back 38

1. served as the cavalry for the army.
2. scouted Mexican troop movements.
3. Helped U.S. forces to win the battle of Buena Vista.
4. saw combat duty

Front 39

Why did their enemies so often fear the Texas Rangers?

Back 39

They didn't always care if what they did was legal.

Front 40

Why did the Texas legislature bring the Texas Rangers back after the Civil War in 1874?

Back 40

Texas was not a safe place without the Rangers. They were brought back to control crime and the threat of the Indians and Mexican raids.