Thoracic Trauma

Front 1

What percent of all motor vehicle deaths are due to the thoracic trauma?

Back 1

25%, about 12,000 per year in the US

Front 2

Define tracheobronchial tree

Back 2

The structures of the trachea and the bronchi

Front 3

Define co-morbidity

Back 3

Associated disease process

Front 4

The increase on _________________ trauma in urban areas is associated with violent crime.

Back 4

penetrating

Front 5

Pericardial tamponade, open pneumothorax, esophageal disruption, cavitational lung injuries and comminuted rib fxs are almost exclusively associated with what type of trauma.

Back 5

Penetrating

Front 6

Pneumothorax (paper bag syndrome), traumatic asphyxia, aortic aneurism, and myocardial contusion are almost exclusively associated with what type of trauma?

Back 6

Blunt

Front 7

What are the 3 subdivisions of blunt trauma mechanisms?

Back 7

Blasts
Crush (Compression)
Deceleration

Front 8

When a blast occurs in a confined space, the pressure may be contained and _________________.

Back 8

accentuated or increased

Front 9

Define shear force

Back 9

The force of an organ moving against the point of fixation

Front 10

True or false: The age of a blunt trauma pt may affect the seriousness of the trauma received.

Back 10

True

Front 11

What age group is likely to have more minor signs of injury, few rib fxs, and a greater incidence of serious internal injury as a result of blunt trauma?

Back 11

Pediatrics. The cartilaginous nature of their thorx spares them from rib fxs, but more easily transmits the energy of trauma to the internal organs.

Front 12

True or false: Due to the calcification of the skeletal system, geriatric patients are more likely than any other group to sustain rib fxs.

Back 12

True

Front 13

How are shotgun wounds classified?

Back 13

Accirding to the distance between the victim and the shotgun.

Front 14

Type I shotgun wounds have what characteristics?

Back 14

Target is > 7 meters from the gun barrel at discharge
Usually does not penetrate deeper than into the skin and subcutaneous tissue

Front 15

Type II shotgun wounds have what characteristics?

Back 15

Target is 3-7 meters from the barrel of the gun
Pellets penetrate into the fascia with possible internal organ damage

Front 16

What are the characteristics of a Type III shotgun wound?

Back 16

Target is < 3 meters from the barrel
Usually involves massive tissue destruction and life-threatening injuries

Front 17

What is the most common injury associated with chest trauma?

Back 17

Chest wall injuries

Front 18

Chest wall contusion is the most common result of _________________ injury to the thorax.

Back 18

blunt

Front 19

Rib fxs are found in more than ____% of cases of significant chest trauma from blunt mechanisms.

Back 19

50

Front 20

Which ribs are most likely to be fractured?

Back 20

4-8

Front 21

Which rib group results in mortality in up to 30% when they are fractured?

Back 21

The first 3

Front 22

Which rib group is less likely to fracture, but may allow for better transmision of energy to internal organs?

Back 22

9-12. Fractures to these ribs is frequently associated with serious trauma and splenic or hepatic injury.

Front 23

Mortality associated with rib fxs increses with the number of _____________, extremes of _______, and associated chronic ______________________ or ________________ problems.

Back 23

fractures, age, respiratory, cardiac

Front 24

Laceration of in intercostal arteries may result in __________________, while damage to the intercostal nerves may result in a ___________________ deficit.

Back 24

hemothorax, neurologic