Therapies - Chapter 16

Front 1

Deinstitutionalization

Back 1

When mental health patients are released back into their communities, generally after having their symptoms alleviated through medication

Front 2

Community psychology

Back 2

An area of psychology that focuses on identifying how individuals mental health is influenced by the neighborhood, economics, community resources, social groups and other community-based variables

Front 3

Empirically supported treatments

Back 3

Treatments that have been testes and evaluated

Front 4

Bibliotherapy

Back 4

The use of self-help books and other reading materials as a form of therapy

Front 5

Insight therapies

Back 5

A general term referring to therapy that involves dialogue between client and therapist for the purposes of gaining awareness and understanding of psychological problems and conflicts

Front 6

Psychodynamic therapies

Back 6

Forms of insight therapy that emphasize the need to discover and resolve unconscious conflicts

Front 7

Free association

Back 7

Clients are encouraged to talk and write without censoring their thoughts in any way

Front 8

Dream analysis

Back 8

A method for understanding the subconscious by examining the details of what happens during a dream, in order to gain insight into the true meaning of the dream, the emotional, unconscious material that is communicated symbolically

Front 9

Resistance

Back 9

Occurs as the treatment brings up unconscious material that the client wishes to avoid and the client engages in strategies for keeping the information out of the conscious awareness

Front 10

Transference

Back 10

A psychoanalytical process whereby clients direct the emotional experiences that the are reliving toward the therapist, rather than the original person involved in the experience

Front 11

Object relations therapy

Back 11

A variation of psychodynamic therapy that focuses on how early childhood experiences and emotional attatchments influence later psychological functioning

Front 12

Phenomenological approach

Back 12

The therapist addresses the clients feelings and thoughts as they unfold in the present moment, rather than looking for unconscious motives and dwell in the past

Front 13

Client centered therapy

Back 13

Focuses on an individuals ability to solve their own problems and reach their full potential with the encouragement of a therapist

Front 14

Behavioral therapies

Back 14

Address problem behaviors and the environmental factors that trigger them, as directly as possible

Front 15

Systematic desensitization

Back 15

Gradual exposure to a feared stimulus or situation is coupled with relaxation training

Front 16

Aversive conditioning

Back 16

A behavioral technique that involves replacing a positive response to a stimulus with a negative response, typically by using punishment

Front 17

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)

Back 17

A form of therapy that consists of procedures such as cognitive restructuring, stress inoculation training and exposing people to experiences they may have a tendency to avoid Internal attributions: blaming oneself excessively for negative things that happen

Front 18

Stable attributions

Back 18

Seeing a situation as permanent or irreversible

Front 19

Global events

Back 19

Blowing things out of proportion instead of seeing negative events as simply that

Front 20

Decentering

Back 20

Occurs when is able to “step back” from ones normal consciousness and observe oneself more objectively and as an observer

Front 21

Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy

Back 21

Involves combining mindfulness meditation with standard cognitive-behavioral therapy tools

Front 22

Systems approach

Back 22

An orientation that encourages therapists to see an individuals symptoms as being influenced by different interacting systems

Front 23

Psychotropic drugs

Back 23

Medications designed to alter psychological functioning

Front 24

Blood-brain barrier

Back 24

A network of tightly packed cells that allow only specific types of substance to move from the bloodstream into the brain, in order to protect it against infection and harmful substances

Front 25

Anti-depressant drugs

Back 25

Medications designed to elevate the mood and reduce other symptoms of depression

Front 26

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

Back 26

A class of antidepressant drugs that bock the reuptake of the neurotransmitter serotonin

Front 27

Mood stabilizers

Back 27

Drugs used to prevent or reduce the severity of mood swings experienced by people with bipolar disorder

Front 28

Antipsychotic drugs

Back 28

Generally used to treat symptoms of psychosis, including delusions, hallucinations and severely disturbed or disorganized thought

Front 29

Tardive dyskinesia

Back 29

A movement disorder involving involuntary movements and facial tics

Front 30

Atypical antipsychotic drugs

Back 30

Makers claim that these drugs are less likely to produce extrapyramidal side effects including movement disorders

Front 31

Frontal Lobotomy

Back 31

Surgically removing regions of the cortex

Front 32

Leucotomy

Back 32

The surgical destruction of brain tissues in the prefrontal cortex

Front 33

Focal lesions

Back 33

Small areas of the brain tissue are surgically destroyed

Front 34

Electroconvulsive therapy

Back 34

Involves passing an electrical current through the brain in order to induce a temporary seizure

Front 35

Transcranial magnetic stimulation

Back 35

A therapeutic technique in which a focal area of the brain is exposed to a powerful magnetic field

Front 36

Deep brain stimulation

Back 36

A technique that involves electrically stimulating specific regions of the brain