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299 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What did the South do to prevent freedmen from voting?
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2. literacy tests 3. grandfather clause |
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What did most freedmen do to make a living?
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sharecropping
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What is sharecropping?
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A system of farming in which a farmer works land for an owner who provides equipment and seeds and in return receives a share of the crop; the sharecropper is always in debt and becomes locked in a cycle of poverty.
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Which laws were created by Southern states that required African Americans and whites to be separated in almost every public place where they might come in contact with each other?
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Jim Crow Laws
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What act was passed by Congress in 1862 which gave 160 free acres of land in the Great Plains to any settler who paid a filing fee and lived on the land for 5 years?
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Homestead Act
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What act was passed by Congress in 1887 that proposed to break up the reservations and encourage Native Americans to become farmers by giving each American Indian a plot of reservation land?
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Dawes Act
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What act was signed into law by President Lincoln in 1862 to donate public lands to several states and territories which would provide colleges for agriculture and mechanic arts.
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Morrill Act
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Which Reconstruction plan made it more difficult for the South - with 5 military districts, appealing the Black Codes, and the new constitution that would ratify the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments?
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Radical Republican Plan (Radical reconstruction)
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What was the goal of the KKK and other white supremacy groups? |
To terrorize the freedmen and scare them into not voting |
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What President was impeached (formally charged with wrongdoing) by congress for abusing his power but was found "not guilty" and remained in office? |
Andrew Johnson
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who was the African American minister elected to represent Mississippi in the Senate in 1870? |
Hiram Rhodes Revels
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Which amendment guaranteed equal rights (including the right of citizenship) to all persons born or naturalized in the United States regardless of race or color?
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14th Amendment
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Which amendment guaranteed male citizens, including former slaves, the right to vote regardless of race or color?
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15th Amendment
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What was the government agency that helped build schools and provided other aid to former slaves in the South after the Civil War? |
Freedmen's Bureau
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What laws did the Southern governments pass after the Civil War that limited the rights of African Americans?
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Black Codes
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Who was the first African American to earn the Congressional Medal of Honor?
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William Carney
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Who was awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor for his actions at Ft. Fisher?
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Phillip Bazaar |
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What was the process the federal government used to readmit the Confederate states to the Union after the Civil War? |
Reconstruction |
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Which amendment abolished (outlawed) slavery in the United States?
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13th Amendment |
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What did the emancipation Proclamation say about freeing slaves?
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Slave in the rebelling stats should be freed
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Where did the Civil War end?
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Appomattox Courthouse
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During what period of time was the Civil war fought?
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1861-1865 |
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Which amendment overturned the Dred Scott decision when it granted citizenship to former slaves?
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14th Amendment
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What two battles marked the military turning point in the Civil War?
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Gettysburg and Vicksburg (Union victories in July of 1863)
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when was the Emancipation Proclamation issued? |
January 1, 1863
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What was the first battle of the Civil War? |
Battle of Ft. Sumter
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Which Union victory did Lincoln use to take action against slavery by issuing the Emancipation Proclamation?
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Battle of Antietam
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Which "total war" event destroyed much of the state of Georgia and its economy?
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Sherman's march to the Sea
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Who was the General of the Confederate Army who surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Courthouse to end the Civil War?
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Robert E. Lee
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Who was the President of the Confederate States of America?
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Jefferson Davis
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Who was the President of the United States during the Civil War?
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Abraham Lincoln |
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What contributed to the South's ability to win battles during the early part of the war?
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Outstanding military leadership
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Which Civil War battle was the bloodiest? |
Gettysburg |
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Who was appointed General of all Union forces in November of 1863 |
Ulysses S. Grant |
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What happened five days after the end of the Civil War?
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Lincoln was assassinated |
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Which southern General was killed by "friendly fire" as Chancellorsville?
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"Stonewall" Jackson
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Name two well-known Confederate Generals.
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Robert E. Lee and "Stonewall" Jackson
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What was the South trying to accomplish by fighting the Civil War? (3) |
Defend states' rights Maintain the slave system Lower tariffs on imported goods |
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What was the Union's goal at the beginning of the Civil War? |
To hold the nation together
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Who shot Lincoln?
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John Wilkes Booth
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Identify Lincoln's Speech: called on the nation to look forward and to create a lasting peace |
Second Inaugural Address |
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Which battle ended with a Union victory and northern control of the Mississippi River? |
Battle of Vicksburg
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Identify Lincoln's Speech: called on the nation to look past the destruction of the war and focus on what they had in common |
Gettysburg Address |
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Which event led to fear of slave uprising throughout the South?
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John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry, even though it was unsuccessful
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What was the impact of the Tariff of Abominations on the South?
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They felt forced to buy Northern goods |
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What are the four main causes of the Civil War? |
Slavery Tariffs Sectionalism |
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Which compromise set up the fugitive Stave Act, ended the slave trade in DC, and said that the Mexican Cession would use popular sovereignty to determine the slavery issue?
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Compromise of 1850
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Why did Lincoln call Harriet Beecher Stowe the "little lady who helped start" the Civil War? |
her novel exposed the horrors of slavery and caused many northerners to turn against it , strengthening the abolitionist movement |
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Who wrote "Uncle Tom's Cabin"?
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Harriet Beecher Stowe
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Which event led to southern states seceding from the nation?
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Lincoln's Election of 1860
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Which act canceled part of the Missouri Compromise and said that all territories would use popular sovereignty to determine the issue of slavery?
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Kansas-Nebraska Act
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What is loyalty to a certain region of the country, such as North, South, or West?
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sectionalism |
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Who was a strong supporter of states' rights and was also outspoken against the Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of 1850?
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John C. Calhoun |
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Who was a strong supported of the Compromise of 1850?
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Daniel Webster |
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What was the name of the small-scale civil war that took place in Kansas between pro and anti-slavery forces?
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Bleeding Kansas
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What was the significance of the Dred Scott Case?
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The constitution recognized slavery as being legal |
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Identify Lincoln's Speech: Stated that the nation could not continue being 1/2 slave and 1/2 free |
house Divided Speech
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Which compromise tried to maintain the balance of free and slave states in Congress by admitting Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state?
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The Missouri Compromise |
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Which compromise forbade slavery north of the 36 30' line?
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Missouri Compormisse
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Who proposed the Missouri Compromise?
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Henry Clay
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Identify Lincoln's speech: promised not to disturb slavery where it already existed; told Southerners that war was in their hands
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First Inaugural Address |
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Which Supreme Court case allowed slaved to be taken to free territories and stated that African Americans were property, not citizens?
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Dred Scott Case |
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what problems did labor reform work to correct?
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Dangerous working conditions no maximum on length of work day no minimum wage, no laws against child labor |
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What did workers form to fight for their rights?
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Labor Unions
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What was the women's reform movement?
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The movement to gain equality for women
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What was the education reform movement?
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Movement for free, public education for all citizens
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What was the most controversial issue at the Seneca Falls Convention? |
Suffrage (right to vote)
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Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau believed strongly in the relationship between humans and nature as well as in the importance of the individual conscience. These ideas are know as --- |
Transcendentalism |
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Which group was the most supportive of the temperance movement?
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Religious Leaders
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Who was the leader of the education reform movement?
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Horace Mann |
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Who brought attention to the challenges faced by the mentally ill and pushed for care facilities? |
Dorothea Dix
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What event inspired the reform movements of the 1800's? |
The Second Greta Awakening |
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What was the abolitionist movement?
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the movement to end slavery
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which reform movement was Frederick Douglass associated with?
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Abolitionist movement |
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Who were the two most well-known leaders of the women's rights movement?
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Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton |
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What was the temperance movement?
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The movement to end alcohol consumption in the US |
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What piece of land was purchased from Mexico to complete the Transcontinental Railroad across the southern US and also completed the continental US?
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Gadsden Purchase, 1853
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Which territorial acquisition established the northernmost border of the US at the 49th parallel?
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Oregon Territory from Britain, ,1846 |
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What land was acquired from Spain in the Adams-Onis Treaty?
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Florida, 1819
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What increased the number of Irish immigrants in the US?
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The Potato Famine |
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What new discovery led large groups of people west to California?
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gold
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How did the Northwest Ordinance contribute to westward expansion?
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It created a process for admitting new states |
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What is Manifest Destiny?
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The idea that the US had the right, and was destined by God, to expand from the Atlantic to the Pacific
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Which group of people is responsible for contributing polka music, Grimm Brothers' fairy tales, meat curing and sausage making to American culture?
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Germans |
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What caused the Mexican-American War?
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disputed land claims (in Texas) between the US and Mexico
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What invention from the Industrial Revolution helped open the west?
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Transcontinental Railroad
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the refusal to obey laws as a way to bring about change and involves the use of nonviolent protest (boycotts, refusal to pay taxes, sit-ins) |
Civil Disobedience |
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Who refused to pay taxes because he did not support the Mexican-American War? He was jailed because of his refusal.
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Henry David Thoreau |
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Which group of people came west to escape religious persecution in the eastern United States? This group helped settle Utah and also founded Salt Lake City.
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Mormons
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Which group of people is primarily responsible for building the railroad across the western US? |
Chinese |
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What are the people called who went west searching for gold?
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Forty-Niners |
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What piece of land was added to the US as a result of the Mexican War and allowed the US to achieve Manifest Destiny?
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Mexican Cession |
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Which invention by Samuel Morse improved communication throughout the US?
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The telegraph
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US women migrated from rural areas to cities to work in
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Textile mills |
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What invention by Eli Whitney increased mass production in factories? |
Interchangeable parts |
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The growth of railroads during the 19th century affected US businesses by |
opening new markets for goods |
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How did the steamboat change life in the United States?
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Boats could easily go upstream, which meant it was cheaper and faster to move goods.
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Identify the region: During the Industrial Revolution, slavery increased.
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The South
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Who invented the steamboat? When?
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Robert Fulton, 1807
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Identify the region: During the Industrial Revolution, skilled workers were replaced with unskilled worker in the factory system. |
The North
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Identify the region: During the Industrial Revolution, agricultural production (mainly cotton) increased.
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The South
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Identify the region: During the Industrial Revolution, factory corkers faced poor working conditions
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the North |
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How did the cotton gin impact slavery?
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Revived slavery |
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Identify the region: Curing the Industrial Revolution, people moved from rural areas to cities (urbanization)
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the North |
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Who invented the cotton gin? When?
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Eli Whitney, 1793
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Identify the region: During the Industrial Revolution this region saw a lot of growth in railroads.
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The North |
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What did the cotton gin do? |
separated the cotton seeds from the fiber |
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Identify the region: During the Industrial Revolution this region ignored advancements like railroads and factories to focus on cotton. |
The South |
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What was the Tariff of Abominations? Who supported it and who opposed it?
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A protective tariff designed to protect industry In the northern US by taxing imported goods; North supported it; South opposed it
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What was the Gage Rule and who opposed it
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Silenced discussions of slavery in Congress John Q. Adams fought against it in the House for 8 years |
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What is the Treaty of Ghent?
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The peace treaty that ended the war of 1812 between the US and Great Britain
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The Missouri Compromise was passed in 1820 during James Monroe's presidency. What did it accomplish?
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It prohibited slavery in the former Louisiana Territory north of the parallel 36 30' north except within the boundaries of the proposed state of Missouri |
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What land did the US acquire from Spain as a result of the Adams-Onis Treaty?
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Florida
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What was a positive effect of the opening of the Erie Canal in 1825?
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This waterway between Albany, NY and Buffalo, NY made the movement of people and goods easier and cheaper.
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Why did Jefferson hire Lewis and Clark?
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To gather scientific and geographic information by exploring the mapping the Louisiana Territory
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What was the Embargo Act of 1807 and what were its effects?
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A ban on exporting and importing; it was a failure because the wealth of the US was tied to commerce (trade); caused many Americans to dislike Jefferson
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Who were the War Hawks?
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young and outspoken members of congress who called for war against England; led by Henry Clay
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What did Francis Scott Key write after witnessing the bombardment of Fort McHenry by British ships during the War of 1812?
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" The Star-Spangled Banner"
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What is the free enterprise system?
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an economic system in which business owners make most economic decisions; government plays a limited role; citizens influence supply and demand
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What was the Whiskey Rebellion?
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Western Pennsylvania farmers protested a tax on distilled spirits (alcohol), and George Washington led 13,000 troops to end the rebellion; showed the strength of the new national government
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Why were Americans angry over the XYZ Affair? |
They believed the three French agents (X,Y and Z) had disrespected the US by demanding that the US make a loan to France; US refused
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During John Adam's presidency, the Alien and Sedition Acts were passed. What was their primary purpose? |
To provide for national security
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What is the name given tot he time period when South Carolina refused to pay import taxes and threaten to seceded from the nation?
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Nullification Crisis
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What was Jackson's explanation for why South Carolina did not have the right to nullify (ignore, void) federal import taxes it did not agree with?
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When states joined the US, they agreed to follow the laws of the nation |
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Why were political parties formed?
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Because of disagreements concerning the role of government (strong federal vs. strong state) |
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The War of 1812 promoted the growth of American manufacturing and the free enterprise system by |
Decreasing US dependence on foreignn goods |
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The Burning of Washington, DC, Battle of Ft McHenry, and Battle of New Orleans all took place during
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The War of 1812
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What is the feeling of pride in one's nation that swept through the US after the War of 1812 called
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nationalism ---> Era of good Feelings |
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Who was the Supreme Court justice who ruled that the Cherokee could not be forced from their land? |
John Marshall |
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Which Supreme court case ruled that Georgia did not have the aright to pass laws that removed the Cherokee form their land? |
Worchester v Georgia |
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Which country sold the Louisiana Purchase to the United States?
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France
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What are the 3 reasons why the Louisiana Purchase is significant?
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Gave control of the Mississippi River to the US gave control of New Orleans to the US |
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Identify the political party: believed in strong states' rights and "strict" interpretation of the Constitution |
Democratic-Republican Party |
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Identify the political party: believed in strong central government and "loose" interpretation of the Constitution |
Federalist Party |
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Who did the United States fight against during the War of 1812?
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England
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What was the main purpose of the Monroe Doctrine?
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To stop European colonization in the western hemisphere (North and South America) |
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Identify the political party: believed the elite should govern and believed in an industrial economy; also supported a national bank |
Federalist Party |
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What are the 3 causes of the war of 1812?
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Violating American rights at sea Providing weapons in the Indians |
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Who formed the Democratic-Republican Party?
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Thomas Jefferson
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Who formed the Federalist Party?
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Alexander Hamilton |
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What is the significance of 1803? |
the Louisiana Purchase |
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What was James Monroe's foreign policy called? |
The Monroe Doctrine |
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What is Jacksonian Democracy?
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A time period characterized by more involvement by the common man in politics and government
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What is the spoils system?
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The practice of giving government jobs to loyal supporters
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when the Cherokee refused to move west, what happened to them?
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They were forced west ---> Trail of Tears |
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Identify the political party: believed the common man had the ability to govern and supported an agricultural economy; wanted the government to stay out of economic issues
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Democratic-Republican Party |
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which act allowed the federal government to pay Native Americans to move west?
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Indian Removal Act
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Why did white settlers ask the government to move Indians west during the 1830's?
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They wanted gold and the farmland in the SE United States that was occupied by Native Americans |
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During which President's administration (time in office) were political parties formed?
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George Washington |
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What three pieces of advice did Washington give in his farewell address? |
Do not form permanent alliances Stay out of European affairs (problems) |
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What do the 4th - 8th Amendments have in common?
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Rights of the accused
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What do the 9th and 10th Amendments have in common?
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Rights guaranteed to the people |
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What does the 9th Amendment do?
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Protects many rights not specifically listed in the Bill of Rights; these are called enumerated rights
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Which Amendment represents federalism? "the powers not delegated to the united States by the Constitution ...are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people." |
10th Amendment |
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What are the protections of the 5th Amendment?
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Double jeopardy Self-incrimination Eminent domain (private property) |
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What do the 1st - 3rd Amendments have in common? |
Grievances listed in the Declaration of Independence
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Which amendment protects citizens from quartering troops?
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3rd Amendment
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Which amendment protects citizens from unreasonable searches and seizures?
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4th Amendment |
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Which Amendment guarantees a civil trial by jury as the result of a lawsuit? |
7th Amendment |
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Which amendment protects the accused from cruel and unusual punishment and excessive bail/fines? |
8th Amendment |
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Which Supreme Court case determined that a state could not control trade conducted on a waterway; that power belonged to the federal government?
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Gibbons v Ogden
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Which Supreme Court case determined that a state does not have the ability to tax an institution established by the federal government?
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McCulloch v Maryland |
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Which 2 Supreme Court cases enforced the idea that the federal government's authority was above that of the states'? |
Gibbons v Ogden McCulloch v Maryland |
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What is the process by which someone not born in the United States can become a citizen?
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Naturalization Process |
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Which Amendment is known as the due process Amendment?
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5th Amendment
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Which amendment guarantees a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury and a right to council (attorney, lawyer) to anyone accused of a crime?
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6th Amendment
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Why is there a provision for amending the Constitution?
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So it can reflect changes that take place over time |
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What is judicial review? |
the ability of the Supreme Court to determine if a law violates the Constitution. |
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Which principle of government divides the powers of the government among the different branches?
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Separation of Powers
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Which branch of government is responsible for making the laws?
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Legislative Branch |
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In the Senate, how is the number of representatives for each state determined?
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Equal --> per state |
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In the House of Representatives, how is the number of representatives for each state determined? |
Based on population |
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Which Supreme Court case established judicial review?
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Marbury v Madison
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Which principle of government divides powers between the national and state governments? |
Federalism |
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Which amendment guarantees freedom of speech, press, assembly, petition, and religion?
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1st Amendment |
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Which principle of government allows the government to work through small numbers via elected representatives? |
Republicanism |
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What is the purpose of the bill of Rights?
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To protect individual freedoms
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Which principle of government states that the government's power comes from the people? |
Popular Sovereignty |
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Which principle of government provides specific ways to keep one branch of government from using too much power over the other branches?
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Checks and Balances |
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Which amendment gives citizens the right to bear arms? |
2nd Amendment |
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Which branch of government is responsible for interpreting the laws?
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Judicial Branch
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Which principle of government states that individuals have rights?
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Individual Rights |
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Summarize the Amendment process |
An Amendment is proposed by 2/3 of both houses and approved by 3/4 of the state legislatures |
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What is the Bill of Rights?
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the first 10 Amendments |
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Which principle of government prevents the government from doing anything it wants?
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Limited Government
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What is the process for changing the Constitution called?
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The Amendment Process or Amending the Constitution |
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Which branch of government is responsible for enforcing the laws? |
Executive Branch |
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What is "due process"?
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Legal requirement that the state must respect all of the legal rights that are owed to a person; the process of law; innocent until proven guilty |
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Synonyms _________________________________________ Congress= approve= bicameral= unicameral= representation= |
Legislature Ratify 2 Houses 1 House Votes |
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What is he Great Compromise?
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it set up the Senate and House of Representatives; together the two houses will be known as Congress"
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What house of Congress is considered the "upper house" and is based on equal representation with each state getting two votes?
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The Senate |
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What house of the legislature is considered the "lower house" and has representation based on population? (more people=more votes)
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The House of Representatives |
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Which early government documents influenced the writing of the US Constitution?
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Mayflower Compact fundamental Orders of Connecticut English Bill of Rights Declaration of Independence articles of Confederation |
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What year was the US Constitution written?
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1787
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Which document was written in 1215 and limited the power of the English king?
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Magna Carta |
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What document guaranteed basic rights to English citizens? |
English Bill of Rights |
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Which plan favored large states because the number of representatives for the legislature would be based on population? |
The Virginia Plan |
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Who is called the "Father of the Constitution" because he took careful notes during the meetings?
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James Madison
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Which plan called for a two-house legislature?
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The Virginia Plan |
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Which plan favored small states because the number of representatives for the legislature would be equal for each state?
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The New Jersey Plan
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What was the original purpose of the Constitutional Convention?
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To revise the Articles of Confederation |
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What did the Founding Fathers do instead of revising the Articles of Confederation?
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Wrote the US Constitution
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What was the Anti-federalists' main argument against the Constitution?
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It didn't protect people's freedoms |
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Who proposed that a Bill of Rights 9to protect people's freedoms) be included with the Constitution? |
George Mason |
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What issue did 3/5 Compromise settle?
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settled how slaves would be counted for purposes of taxation and representation |
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Who was the President of the Constitutional Convention?
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George Washington
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According to the 3/5 Compromise, how was each slave counted?
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As 3/5 of a person or for ever five slaves, 3 people were added to the population count. |
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Which group of people supported the Constitution? |
the Federalists
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Who was the oldest delegate at the Constitutional Convention? |
Benjamin Franklin |
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What problem did the Great Compromise settle?
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It settled the question of how representation in ;the legislature would be determined
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What are the Federalist Papers?
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Essays written in support of the Constitution
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What group of people opposed the Constitution?
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The Anti-Federalists |
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Which Federalist wrote the Federalist Papers? |
John Jan, Alexander Hamilton, James Madison |
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who were the two most well known Anti-Federalists?
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Thomas Jefferson and Patrick Henry
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Who proposed the Great Compromise?
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Roger Sherman |
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What is the group of men called who attended the Constitutional Convention?
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Founding Fathers |
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Who proposed the New Jersey Plan? |
William Paterson |
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Who was the American naval hero of the Revolution who said, "I have not yet begun to fight."
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John Paul Jones
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Who was the female patriot who anonymously published written works during the 1770's that criticized England?
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Mercy Otis Warren |
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What is Shays' Rebellion?
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a rebellion of famers in Massachusetts; the federal government had no power under the Articles of Confederation to stop it |
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What did Shays' Rebellion contribute to?
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restructuring of the federal government
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Who was the French aristocrat who volunteered to help the patriots and served without pay because he believed in what the patriots were fighting for?
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Marquis de Lafayette
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Identify: George Washington and his men spent a brutal winter here without shoes, supplies, and food. Washington inspired his men to keep fighting by reading "The Crisis."
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Winter at Valley Forge |
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Who was the leader of the Continental Army?
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George Washington |
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What were the five problems with he Articles of Confederation?
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No Gold or $ Boundary/Border Disputes Quarreling states No respect from other nations |
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Who was the African American patriot leader who warned people in New Hampshire of British advancements He also became the first black man elected to a political position in the United States
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Wentworth Cheswell
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Who was the former slave who worked for the patriots by supplying information on British troop movements and gave information on Lord Cornwallis to Washington and the Marquis de Lafayette.
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James Armistead
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Who was the Spanish governor of Louisiana who helped the patriots by driving British troops from the Gulf Coast?
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Bernardo de Galvez |
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Who was the Polish immigrant who was sentenced to death by the British for spying but escaped with the help of the Sons of Liberty? He helped secure loans for the patriots from other countries during the American Revolution.
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Haym Salomon |
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Which agreement officially recognized the U.S. as a country and set the boundaries of the new nations?
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Treaty of Paris, 1783
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Which was the United States first plan of government called?
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The Articles of Confederation |
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Which country was the main ally of the colonists during the Revolution? |
France |
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What was the final battle of the Revolution?
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Battle of Yorktown |
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Which battle was the turning point of the American Revolution? Why?
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Battle of Saratoga The French joined the war |
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Who was the King of England during the American Revolution?
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King George III
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Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?
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Thomas Jefferson |
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Who was an early advocate for women's rights and encouraged her husband to "remember the ladies?" |
Abigail Adams |
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What are unalienable rights?
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rights that cannot be taken away
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Which document listed the grievances of the colonists against King George III?
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Declaration of Independence
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Identify: "We hold these truths to be self-evident that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."
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Declaration of Independence
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What are the three examples of unalienable rights listed in the Declaration of Independence?
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Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness |
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What is a patriot?
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Someone who supported the colonies' independence from England
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What is a loyalist? |
Someone who remained loyal to the king during the American Revolution. |
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What was the first battle of the Revolution and is also known as the "shot heard around the world?" |
Battle of Lexington and Concord
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Which document was signed on July 4, 1776?
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Declaration of Independence |
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What was the biggest problem with the articles of Confederation?
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Weak Central Government
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What was the strength of the Articles of Confederation?
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The Northwest Ordinance |
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What was the purpose of the Northwest Ordinance? |
set up a process for how new states could enter the nation |
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Who went to France during the revolution to try to help win support for the colonists? |
Benjamin Franklin |
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Who helped organize the Sons of Liberty and the Committees of Correspondence?
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Samuel Adams
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Which patriot was well-known for his speech to the Virginia House of Burgesses in which he said, "Give me liberty, or give me death!" |
Patrick Henry
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Who wrote "Common Sense," which encouraged Americans to support independence from Britain?
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Thomas Paine |
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Who was the former slave who was one of the victims of the Boston Massacre?
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Crispus Attucks
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What are the four provisions of the Intolerable Acts?
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2. Banned town meetings 3. Closed the port of Boston 4. Allowed British troops to be housed by Boston citizens |
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Why did the colonists object to the Proclamation of 1763?
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They resented the limits it imposed on westward expansion |
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What group organized protests and boycotts in an attempt to make the British government repeal the Stamp Act?
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Sons of Liberty
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Who represented the British soldiers in court after the Boston Massacre, was a member of the Sons of Liberty, and was also a diplomat?
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John Adams
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Which cause of the American Revolution was an act of civil disobedience?
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Boston Tea Party |
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What was the Stamp Act?
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A British tax for a stamp on legal papers, magazines, ads, newspapers, calendars, playing cards and other types of paper used throughout the colonies |
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What were the British and American Colonists' points-of-view concerning the Stamp Act?
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*British - say it as necessary to help pay the debt from the French and Indian War * American Colonists - were angry and formed the Stamp Act Congress |
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What were the French and English fighting over during the French and Indian War?
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The Ohio River Valley
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Which event did Patriot leaders use as propaganda to gather support for independence? |
Boston Massacre |
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what are the causes of the American Revolution?
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Taxes and loss of freedoms |
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What does the phrase "no taxation without representation" mean?
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The colonists didn't believe they should have to pay taxes because their opinions weren't represented in Parliament. |
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Instead of making money, the colonies began to cost money during the 1750's. What caused this?
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The French and Indian War
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What did King George III plan to do to make the colonies profitable again?
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Raise taxes |
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Why didn't the colonists want to join together again the French? |
They were afraid of losing their power |
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Why did Benjamin Franklin want the colonists to join together in 1754? What was the name of his plan? |
To unite against the French Albany Plan of Union |
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What did New York, Boston, and Charleston have in common that provided access to foreign markets?
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Natural harbors
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Who founded Rhode Island for religious freedom?
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Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson |
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What was the main reason for the King of England to establish colonies?
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To get wealthy
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Who founded Pennsylvania as a haven for English Quakers? |
William Penn |
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What was the name of the religious revival movement that swept through the colonies in the 1700's? |
first Great Awakening |
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During the 1600's and early 1700's. the colonists formed their own governments and made their own laws. Why?
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Because they were so far away from England |
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Which geographic region of the 13 Colonies had a warm, mild climate with a lot of precipitation and a long growing season that was good for large-scale farming?
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Southern
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What are the three geographic regions of the 13 Colonies? |
New England, Middle and Southern |
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Which geographic region had thin, rocky soil and a short growing season that was not good for large-scale farming? |
New England |
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What did the philosophies of John Locke, Charles de Montesquieu, and William Blackstone influence in the early settlements? |
Ideas of self-government and democracy |
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What lay to the South of the 13 Original Colonies?
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Spanish Florida
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Identify: mostly held in the New England colonies; opportunity for colonists to discuss important issues; early from of dempcracy |
Town meetings |
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Which ocean bordered the 13 Original Colonies to the east? |
Atlantic Ocean |
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Which geographic region of the 13 colonies was called the "Bread Basket Colonies" because of the large amount of wheat production? |
Middle |
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Which mountain range bordered the 13 Original Colonies to the west?
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Appalachian Mountains
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Which geographic region of the 13 Colonies had natural harbors and fast-flowing rivers, which were later used for waterpower to run the factories?
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New England |
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Which geographic region of the 13 colonies relied on slave labor? |
southern |
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What was the natural barrier to westward expansion during the colonial time period? |
Appalachian Mountains |
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What year was Jamestown founded?
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1607
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What is the name of the economic theory that allowed the king to use raw goods from the colonies to get wealthy? |
mercantilism |
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Identify: an assembly of representatives that met in Jamestown to discuss issues; early rom of representative government
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house of Burgesses |
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What was the first successful English colony in North America?
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Jamestown |
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What year was the Mayflower Compact signed? |
1620
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What document was the first written constitution?
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Fundamental Orders of Connecticut |
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How did the First Great Awakening contribute to representative government? |
People saw each other as equals; greater participation in government |
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Who was the founder of Connecticut and gave a sermon that inspired the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut? He also allowed non church members to vote. |
Thomas Hooker |
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What document helped establish self-government in the colonies?
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To escape religious persecution For a chance to own land to help settle the land for the king to escape personal debt (Georgia) |
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Why did settlers come to the 13 Colonies? (4 reasons)
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Mayflower Compact
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What crop did John Rolfe introduce to Jamestown that also led to the success of the colony? |
Tobacco |
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In which present-day state is Jamestown located? |
Virginia |
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