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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
THE VENOUS SYSTEM Functions as a collection of blood from capillary beds to transport the blood back to the _____
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heart
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THE VENOUS SYSTEM is a Blood ______ of the circulation: veins hold about six times the volume contained in the arteries.
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reservoir
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Venous Compliance (Cv) is about 15 - 20 times ____ than arterial compliance (Ca).
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greater
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Veins are often called "capacitance vessels", since they can accept greater _____ per increment of pressure than arteries.
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volumes
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The ______ to the heart is defined as the volume of blood per unit time (ml/min) flowing into either the right atrium or left atrium via systemic or pulmonary veins, respectively.
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Venous return (VR)
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In the steady state, cardiac output and _______ must be equal.
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venous return
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The dominant factor influencing venous return is the pressure gradient between the ______ and the _____.
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capillaries
atrium |
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_________ contractions effect venous return by compressing veins, forcing blood toward the heart. Venous valves prevent backf low.
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Skeletal muscle
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______ results in decreased intrathoracic pressure augments systemic venous return to the right side of the heart.
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Inspiration
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during _____ systemic venous return to right heart diminishes
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Expiration
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Extrathoracic veins can temporarily collapse near thoracic entry points, if ______ effort causes venous pressure to become sub-atmospheric.
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inspiratory
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_____ is the relative state of contraction of venous smooth muscle
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Venomotor tone:
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Constriction of veins shifts blood _____ the heart
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toward
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a. Hydrostatic pressure affects arterial and venous blood pressures equally, so _______ pressure for flow is unaffected in the systemic circulation.
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driving
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Hydrostatic pressure increases venous ______ pressure and degree of distension. In upright postures, blood can accumulate in the veins below the level of the heart and reduce venous return ("venous pooling").
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transmural
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Venous return is directly proportional to ______
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total blood volume
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Venous return determines the degree of filling of the ventricles during diastole, and thus the ____ of the myocardial fibers prior to contraction
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lengths
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