The Second World War-Chapter 21

Front 1

Chamberlain

Back 1

-Prime Minister of Britain (1937-1940)
-Advocated policy of appeasement towards Nazi Germany

Front 2

Churchill

Back 2

-Prime Minister of Britain during World War II
-Resisted German aggression
-Major role in assembling Allied Powers

Front 3

Eisenhower

Back 3

-Supreme Allied commander in Europe
-Operation Overlord-Allied invasion of Europe
-Elected to two terms as U.S. President

Front 4

Hirohito

Back 4

-Emperor of Japan from 1926
-Led country and shaped combat strategy during WWII

Front 5

Hitler

Back 5

-Führer of Germany
-Rapid political ascent in Nazi Party
-Active political role in government of Germany-made military decisions

Front 6

Final Solution

Back 6

-Anti-Semitic-Edicts regarding treatment of Jews and minorities
-Condemned Jews to death at concentration camps
Plan to exterminate Jews from Germany and German-controlled territories.
-Located in German-controlled areas of Europe

Front 7

Mussolini

Back 7

-Fascist PM who ruled Italy as a dictator
-Inspired Hitler and allied with him
-Overthrown by coup of subordinates

Front 8

Paulus

Back 8

-Field marshal in command of German Sixth Army
-Forced to surrender after encirclement of German forces

Front 9

Roosevelt

Back 9

-US President who led country through WWII
-Played decisive role in holding together Allied coalition which defeated Nazi Germany

Front 10

Josef Stalin

Back 10

-Secretary of Communist Party of USSR
-Responsible for Soviet losses at beginning of WWII-had not prepared proper defenses
-Held country together and inspired resistance to Germany
-Forced a German retreat and was a "first front" to Nazi defeat
-Allied with Germany at beginning of war

Front 11

Truman

Back 11

-Succeeded Roosevelt
-Led US through end of World War II
-Made decision to use atomic bombs against Japan
-Implemented the Marshall plan

Front 12

Allies/Allied Powers

Back 12

-Alliance that opposed German aggression
-Major players-Britain, US, France, USSR

Front 13

Appeasement

Back 13

-British and French conceding territory to Hitler's demands
-Wanted to avoid war at all costs

Front 14

Axis/Axis Powers

Back 14

-Germany, Italy, Japan's military alliance
-Opposed Allies

Front 15

Battle of Britain (1941)

Back 15

-Attempt for Germany to attain air superiority over Britain
-British resistance forced Germany to abandon plans to cross English Channel

Front 16

Battle of the Coral Sea (1942)

Back 16

-First battle fought only on air
-Heavy losses on both sides

Front 17

Battle of Midway (1942)

Back 17

-US naval forces disabled Japanese fleet on Midway island in Pacific
-Forced Japan into defensive

Front 18

Battle of Stalingrad (1943)

Back 18

-Five month battle between Germans and Soviets
-Destructive air raids by German Luftwaffe and bloody street fighting
-Paulus surrendered German forces to Red Army

Front 19

Blitzkrieg

Back 19

-"Lightning warfare"
-Extremely aggressive military tactics
-Attacking a nation suddenly with overwhelming force

Front 20

D-Day (1944)

Back 20

-When the Allied powers invaded France through the Normandy coast

Front 21

Lebensraum

Back 21

-"Living space"
-German territorial conquest justification
-Germany's natural territory should extend beytond current borders of Germany

Front 22

Luftwaffe

Back 22

-German air force

Front 23

Manhattan Project

Back 23

-Code name for US's program to build an atomic bomb
-Albert Einstein, Fermi, etc.
-Bomb dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945

Front 24

Munich Agreement

Back 24

-Agreement btw. German, Britain, France, and Italy to take western are of Czechoslovakia (Sudetenland)
-Appeasement policy
-Forced Czechs to sign their own death warrant-they would now have no proper forms of geographical protection

Front 25

Operation Barbarossa

Back 25

-Codename for German invasion of Soviet Union
-Hitler predicted would take six months

Front 26

Operation Overlord

Back 26

-Codename for Allied ninvasion of France
-Successful-liberated France and pushed German forces eastward

Front 27

Wannsee Conference

Back 27

-Nazi officials decided to implement final solution to "Jewish question"

Front 28

Maginot Line

Back 28

-French fortification built on eastern frontier facing Germany
-Took false comfort in supposed impregnability of the Maginot Line

Front 29

Francisco Franco

Back 29

-Spanish fascist who overthrew the Popular Front
-Provided a stage for the world to either declare themselves pro or anti-fascist

Front 30

Nazi-Soviet Pact (1939)

Back 30

-Non-aggression pact between Soviet Union and Germany
-Stupefied world-communism and fascism had joined together
-Recognized as a signal for war

Front 31

Pearl Harbor (1941)

Back 31

Japanese attacks on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii
Brought US into World War II

Front 32

United Nations

Back 32

-Created in 1942, it included the three Great Powers, US, Britain, and the USSR, and twenty-three other nations