• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/120

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

120 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
________ consists of the brain and spinal cord.

CNS
________ contains the nerves and ganglia outside of the CNS.

PNS

The ________ it the subdivision of the efferent division that transmits action potentials from the CNS to skeletal muscle only.
SOMATIC MOTOR NERVOUS SYSTEM

The __________ is the subdivision of the efferent division that transmits action potentials to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, or glands;


includes sympathetic and parasympathetic


divisions.

AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

________ is the location of the nucleus and source of information for protein synthesis.




A- Dendrite


B- Cell body


C- Nissl Bodies


D- None of the above

B- CELL BODY

___________ are areas of rough endoplasmic


reticulum concentration in the cell body.




A- Dendrite


B- Cell body


C- Nissl Bodies


D- None of the above

C- NISSL BODIES

_________ are usually receives information and transmits it to the body.




A- Dendrite


B- Cell body


C- Nissl Bodies


D- None of the above

A- DENDRITE

_______ are long cell processes from the cell body that conducts actin potentials.




A- Axon


B- Myelin Sheath


C- Collateral Axon


D- None of the above

A- AXON

_________ is a branch of an axon.




A- Axon


B- Myelin Sheath


C- Collateral Axon


D- None of the above

C- COLLATERAL AXON

The _________ is the insulating layer of cells around an axon.




A- Axon


B- Myelin Sheath


C- Collateral Axon


D- None of the above

B- MYELIN SHEATH
_______ form myelin sheaths around axons in the CNS.

OLIGODENDROCYTES

_______ form myelin sheaths around axons in the PNS.

SCHWANN CELLS


______ participate with blood vessel


endothelium o form a permeability barrier in the CNS between blood and nerve cells.




A- Ependymal Cells


B- Microglia


C- Astrocytes


D- None of the above

C- ASTROCYTES

______ produce and circulate cerebrospinal fluid in the CNS.




A- Ependymal Cells


B- Microglia


C- Astrocytes


D- None of the above



A- EPENDYMAL CELLS

________ help remove bacteria and cell debris from the CNS.




A- Ependymal Cells


B- Microglia


C- Astrocytes


D- None of the above



B- MICROGLIA

Axons are surrounded by the _______ of


oligodendrocytes n the ______ or Schwann cells in the _____.

ACONS ARE SURROUNDED BY THE


CELL PROCESSES OF OLIGODENDROCYTES IN THE CNS OR SCHWANN CELLS IN THE PNS.

_______ rest in indentations of oligodndrocytes or Schwann cells, whereas _____ have cell processes


repeatedly wrapped around them.

UNMTELINATED AXONS REST IN


INDENTATIONS OF OLIGODENDROCTES OR SCHWANN CELLS, WHERES MYELINATED


AXONS HAVE CELL PROCESSES REPEATEDLY WRAPPED AROUND THEM.

In myelinated axons, gaps inn the myelin sheath called _____ can be seen between the


oligodendrocyte segments or between Schwann cells.

IN MYELINATED AXONS, GAPS IN THE MYELIN SHEATH CALLED NODES OF RANVIER CAN BE SEEN BETWEEN THE OLIGODENDROCYTE


SEGMENTS OR BETWEEN SCHWANN CELLS.

_______ is the color of groups of neuron cell


bodies and their dendrites.




A- Cortex


B- Gray Matter


C- Nucleus


D- Ganglion

B-GRAY MATTER

______ is the gray matter on the surface of the brain.




A- Cortex


B- Gray Matter


C- Nucleus


D- Ganglion

A- CORTEX

The _______ is the cluster of gray matter located deep in the brain.




A- Cortex


B- Gray Matter


C- Nucleus


D- Ganglion

C- NUCLEUS

The _______ s the cluster of neuron cell bodies in the PNS.




A- Cortex


B- Gray Matter


C- Nucleus


D- Ganglion

D- GANGLION

A _______ is a conduction pathway composed of white mater in the CNS.




A- Nerve


B- White Matter


C- Nerve Tract


D- None of the above


C- NERVE TRACT

________ is a bundle of axons and its connective tissue sheath in the PNS.





A- Nerve


B- White Matter


C- Nerve Tract


D- None of the above

A- NERVE

The ______ gains its color produced by bundles of axons with their myelin sheaths.




A- Nerve


B- White Matter


C- Nerve Tract


D- None of the above

B- WHITE MATTER
The outside of the most cell membranes is _____ compared to the inside of the cell membrane.
THE OUTSIDE OF MOST CELL MEMBRANES IS POSITIVE COMPARED TO THE INSIDE OF THE CELL MEMBRANE.

This difference across the membrane of an


unstimulated cell is called the ______.

THIS DIFFERENCE ACROSS THE MEMBRANE


OF AN UNSTIMULATED CELL IS CALLED THE RESTING MEMBRANE POTENTIAL.

There is a higher concentration of _______


outside the cell membrane than inside, and there is a higher concentration of _____ inside the cell membrane than outside.

THERE IS A HIGHER CONCENTRATION OF


SODIUM IONS OUTSIDE THE CELL MEMBRANE THAN INSIDE, AND THERE IS A HIGHER


CONCENTRATION OF POSITIVE IONS INSIDE THE CELL MEMBRANE THAN OUTSIDE.

This occurs largely because of the ____, which


actively transports these ions.

THIS OCCURS LARGELY BECAUSE OF THE


SODIUM-POTASSIUM EXCHANGE PUMP, WHICH ACTIVELY TRASPORTS THES IONS.

Sodium and potassium ions also move through _____ formed by proteins that extends across the cell membrane.

SODIUM AND POTASSIUM IONS ALSO MOVE THROUGH ION CHANNELS FORMED BY


PROTEINS THAT EXTENDS ACROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE.

In an unstimulated polarized cell, channels for ____ are closed, whereas some of the channels for _____ are open.

IN AN UNSTIMULATED POLARIZED CELL,


CHANNELS FOR SODIUM IONS ARE CLOSED, WHEREAS SOME OF THE CHANNELS FOR


POTASSIUM IONS ARE OPEN.

Therefore, when a cell is at rest, the membrane is more permeable of ____ than sodium ions.
THERFORE, WHEN A CELL IS AT REST, THE MEMBRANE IS MORE PERMEABLE OF POTASSIUM IONS THAN SODIUM IONS

A few potassium ions leak out of the cell, and negatively charged ____ remain in the cell, setting up a net charge difference across the


membrane.

A FEW POTASSIUM IONS LEAK OUT F THE CELL, AND NEGATIVELY CHARGED PROTIENS AND IONS REMAIN IN TE CELL, SETTING UP A CET CHARGE DIFFERENCE ACROSS THE MEMBRANE.
Because They respond to stimulation, muscle and nerve cells are said to be ______.

BECAUSE THEY RESPOND TO STIMULATION, MUSCLE AND NERVE CELLS ARE SAID TO BE


EXCITABLE.

When stimulus is applied to a nerve cell or


muscle cell, some sodium in channels open and ____ diffuse quickly into the cell.

WHEN STIMULUS IS APPLIED TO A NERVE CELL OR MUSCLE CELL, SOME SODIUM IN CHANNELS OPEN AND SODIUM IONS DIFFUSE QUICKL INTO THE CELL.
This causes the inside of the cell to become more positive, a change called ______.

THIS CAUSES THE INSIDE OF THE CELLL TO


BECOME MORE POSITIVE, A CHARGE CALLED


DEPOLARIZATION.

This depolarization results in a ______.


THIS DEPOLARIZATION RESULTS IN A LOCAL


POTENTIAL.

If the local potential reaches a ____ value, many more sodium channels open, and the inside of the cell membrane becomes ____ relative to the outside of the membrane.

IF THE LOCAL POTENTIAL REACHES A


THRESHOLD VALUE, MANY MORE SODIUM CHANNELS OPEN, AND THE INSIDE OF THE CELL MEMBRANE BECOMES POSITIVE RELATIVE TO THE OUTSIDE OF THE MEMBRANE.

As a result, sodium ion channels close and more potassium ion channels open, resulting in ____, a return to the resting membrane potential.

AS A RESULT SODIUM ION CHANNELS CLOSE AND MORE POTASSIUM ION CANNELS OPEN,


RESULTING IN REPOLARIZATION, A RETURN TO THE RESTING MEMBRANE POTENTIAL.

The charge reversal and return to its resting


level is called an ____.

THE CHARGE REVERSAL AND RETURN TO ITS RESTING LEVEL IS CALLED AN


ACTION POTENTIAL

Action potentials occur in an _______ fashion.

ACTION POTENTIALS OCCUR IN AN


ALL-OR-NONE FASHION.

In a reflex arc, stimuli are detected by a ______, causing the production of action potentials that a carried to the central nervous system by an _____.

IN A REFLEX ARC, STIMULI ARE DETECTED BY A SENSORY RECEPTOR, CAUSING THE


PRODUCTION OF ACTION POTENTAL THAT ARE CARRIED TO THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM BY AN AFFERANT NEURON.

Within the central nervous system, afferent


neurons usually synapse with an ____.

WITHIN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM,


AFFERENT NEURONS USUALLY SYNAPSE WTH AN ASSSOCIATON NEURON.

These neurons synapse with an ____, which


carries action potentials to the _______.


THESE NEURONS SYNAPSE WITH AN EFFECTOR NEURON, WHICH CARRIES ACTION POTENTIALS TO THE EFFECTOR ORGAN.

The ____ is the part of the central nervous


system housed within the cranial vault.

BRAIN

The _______ is the part of the central nervous


system from the foramen magnum to the


second lumbar vertebra.

SPINAL CORD

The _______ is the part of the central nervous


system containing the brainstem, diencephalon, cerebrum and cerebellum.


BRAIN


The _______ is the most inferior part off the


brainstem regulates heart rate, breathing,


swallowing, coughing and sneezing.




A- Pryamids


B- Pons


C- Medulla oblongata


D- None of the above

C- MEDULLA OBLONGATA

The two prominent enlargements of the medulla descending nerve tracts involved in conscious control of skeletal muscle is the ______?




A- Pryamids


B- Pons


C- Medulla oblongata


D- None of the above



A- PYRAMIDS

The ___ is the part of the brainstem superior to the medulla oblongata; a bridge between the cerebrum ad cerebellum.




A- Pryamids


B- Pons


C- Medulla oblongata


D- None of the above



B- PONS

The four mounds in the roof of the midbrain that are involved in hearing and visual reflexes are the _______.




A- Substantia Nigra


B- Colliculi


C- Reticular Formation


D- Midbrain

B- COLLICULI

The _______ is the smallest and most superior part of the brainstem.




A- Substantia Nigra


B- Colliculi


C- Reticular Formation


D- Midbrain

D- MIDBRAIN

The __________ is a black mass in the midbrain


part of basal nuclei, involved in regulation of general body movement.




A- Substantia Nigra


B- Colliculi


C- Reticular Formation


D- Midbrain

A- SUBSTANTIA NIGRA

The ________ is a group of nuclei scattered throughout the brainstem that plays a role in arousing and maintaining consciousness; a


major component of the reticular activating


system.




A- Substantia Nigra


B- Colliculi


C- Reticular Formation


D- Midbrain

C- RETICULAR FORMATION

The ______ is the largest part of the


diencephalon; processes most sensory input from the brainstem.

THALAMUS

The ______ is the endocrine gland in the


epithalamus that may influence the onset of


puberty.




A- Mammillary bodies


B- Infundibulum


C- Pineal Body


D- Hypothalamus


C- PINEAL BODY

The ____ is the most posterior portion of the


hypothalamus, involved in emotional responses to odors and memory.




A- Mammillary bodies


B- Infundibulum


C- Pineal Body


D- Hypothalamus

A- MAMMILLARY BODIES

Which of the following is a funnel-shaped stalk that extends from the floor of the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland?




A- Mammillary bodies


B- Infundibulum


C- Pineal Body


D- Hypothalamus

B- INFUNDIBULUM

Which of the following contain several small


nuclei important in maintaining homeostasis; plays a central role in control of temperature, hunger and thirst?




A- Mammillary bodies


B- Infundibulum


C- Pineal Body


D- Hypothalamus

D- HYPOTHALAMUS
The _________ is capable of "learning" motor skills.
CEREBULLUM

The _________ is functionally related nuclei


consisting primarily of the corpus striatum and substantia nigra; involved in posture and planning and coordinating motor movements.




A- Basal Nuclei


B- Limbic System


C- Cerebellum


D- None of the above


A- BASAL NUCLEI

The _________ influences emotions, visceral


responses to emotions, motivation, and mood.




A- Basal Nuclei


B- Limbic System


C- Cerebellum


D- None of the above

B- LIMBIC SYSTEM

The ________ includes olfactory cortex and


potions of diencephalon and cerebrum; initiates responses necessary for survival, such as hunger and thirst.





A- Basal Nuclei


B- Limbic System


C- Cerebellum


D- None of the above

B- LIMBIC SYSTEM

________ functions as a compactor; involved in balance, maintenance of muscle tone, and fine motor movement.




A- Basal Nuclei


B- Limbic System


C- Cerebellum


D- None of the above

C- CEREBELLUM

The __________ is the gray matter in the spinal cord containing sensory neurons.




A- Anterior (ventral) horn


B- Posterior (dorsal) horn

B- POSTERIOR (DORSAL) HORN

The ___________ contains gray matter I the spinal cord containing motor neurons.






A- Anterior (ventral) horn


B- Posterior (dorsal) horn

A- ANTERIOR (VENTRAL) HORN

The _________ is the part of white matter;


ascending or descending axons that are grouped by function; nerve pathway.




A- Lateral Horn


B- Nerve tract


C- Spinal nerve


D- None of the above


NERVE TRACT

The __________ is the gray matter in the spinal cord containing sympathetic autonomic


neurons.




A- Lateral Horn


B- Nerve tract


C- Spinal nerve


D- None of the above

A- LATERAL HORN

The _______ is formed by joining of dorsal and central roots.




A- Lateral Horn


B- Nerve tract


C- Spinal nerve


D- None of the above

C- SPINAL NERVE

The _________ is a afferent nerve process that


carry action potentials to the spinal cord.




A- Dorsal Root Ganglion


B- Ventral Root


C- Dorsal Root


D- None of the above

C- DORSAL ROOT

The ______ is a efferent nerve processes that


carry action potentials away for the spinal cord.




A- Dorsal Root Ganglion


B- Ventral Root


C- Dorsal Root


D- None of the above

B- VENTRAL ROOT

Which of the following are structures containing the cell bodies of afferent neurons?




A- Dorsal Root Ganglion


B- Ventral Root


C- Dorsal Root


D- None of the above

A- DORSAL ROOT GANGLION

Axons of ______ pass rom either the anterior horn of spinal cord gray matter or cranial nerve nuclei of the brainstem to skeletal muscles.




A- Ascending pathways


B- Descending pathways


C- Lower motor neurons


D- Upper motor neurons

C- LOWER MOTOR NEURONS

______ are spinothalamic, dorsal column, and spinocereballar pathways.




A- Ascending pathways


B- Descending pathways


C- Lower motor neurons


D- Upper motor neurons

A- ASCENDING PATHWAYS

_______ are direct (coricospinal) and indirect pathways.




A- Ascending pathways


B- Descending pathways


C- Lower motor neurons


D- Upper motor neurons

B- DESCENDING PATHWAYS

Axons of _______ pass from cerebral cortex,


cerebellum, and brainstem to lower motor


neurons.




A- Ascending pathways


B- Descending pathways


C- Lower motor neurons


D- Upper motor neurons

B- DESCENDING PATHWAYS

The _____ is the most superficial and thickest


layer of the meninges.




A- Dural Sinus


B- Epidural Space


C- Dura Mater


D- None of the above


C- DURA MATER



The ________ are the spaces within the


dura mater that collect blood from the small veins of the brain.




A- Dural Sinus


B- Epidural Space


C- Dura Mater


D- None of the above

A- DURAL SINUS

The _______ is the space that surrounds the


dura mater of the spinal cord.




A- Dural Sinus


B- Epidural Space


C- Dura Mater


D- None of the above

B- EPIDURAL SPACE

The ________ is a thin, wispy middle meningeal layer.




A- Subarachnoid Mater


B- Pia Mater


C- Arachnoid Mater


D- None of the above


C- ARACHNOID MATER


The _____ is a space between the arachnoid


mater and the pia mater that is filled with


cerebrospinal fluid.






A- Subarachnoid Mater


B- Pia Mater


C- Arachnoid Mater


D- None of the above

A- SUBARACHNOID MATER

The ______ is the meningeal layer that is very tightly bound to the surface of the brain and


spinal cord.






A- Subarachnoid Mater


B- Pia Mater


C- Arachnoid Mater


D- None of the above

B- PIA MATER
Each cerebral hemisphere contains a relatively large cavity, the _______.


EACH CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE CONTAINS A


RLATIVELY LARGE CAVITY,


THE LATERA WENTRICLE

A smaller midline cavity, the ______, is in the


center of the diencephalon between the two halves of the thalamus and is connected by a


foramina to the later ventricles.

A SMALLER MIDLINE CAVITY,


THE THIRD VENTRICLE, IS IN THE CENTER OF THE DIENCEPHALON BETWEEN THE TWO HALVES OF THE THALAMUS AND IS CONNECTED BY A


FORAMINA TO THE LATER VENTRICLES.

The ____ is located at the base of the cerebellum and is connected to the third ventricle by a narrow canal, the _____.
THE FOURTH VENTRICLE IS LOCATED AT THE BASE OF HE CEREBELLUM AND IS CONNECTED TO THE THIRD VENTRICLE BY A NARROW CANAL, THE CEREBRAL AQUEDUCT.
The fourth ventricle is continuous with the ____ of the spinal cord.
THE FOURTH VENTRICLE IS CONTINUOUS WITH THE CENTRAL CANAL OF THE SPINAL CORD.

Cerebrospinal fluid, which fills the ventricles,


central canal, and subarachnoid space, is


produced as a blood filtrate by the ______ in the ventricles.

CEREBROSPINAL FLUID, WHICH FILLS THE


VENRICLES, CENTRAL CANAL, AND


SUBARACHNOID SPACE, IS PRODUCED AS A BLOOD FILTRATE BY THE CHOROID PLEXUS IN THE VENTRICLES.

Cerebrospinal fluid passes from the


subarachnoid space into the blood through the _____ in the superior sagittal sinus.

CEREBRAL FLUID PASSES FROM THE


SUBARACHNOID SPACE INTO THE BLOOD THROUGH THE ARACHNOID GRANULATION IN THE SUPERIOR SAGITTAL SINUS.

The _______ is the part of the peripheral nervous system with 12 pairs of nerves.




A- Afferent


B- Cranial


C- Spinal


D- Efferent


B- CRANIAL

The ______ fibers relay information from the CNS to various parts of the body.




A- Afferent


B- Cranial


C- Spinal


D- Efferent

D- EFFERENT

The _______ is the part of the peripheral nervous system with 31 pairs of nerves.




A- Afferent


B- Cranial


C- Spinal


D- Efferent

C- SPINAL

________ fibers that collect information and carry it to the CNS.




A- Afferent


B- Cranial


C- Spinal


D- Efferent

A- AFFERENT

All the spinal nerves are mixed nerves,


containing both sensory and somatic motor


fibers. Most of the spinal nerves are organized into three ________, where nerves come together and separate.

ALL THE SPINAL NERVES E MIXED NERVES,


CONTAINING BOTH SENSORY AND SOMATIC MOTOR FIBERS. MOST OF THE SPINAL NERVES


ARE ORGANIZED INTO THREE PLEXUSES, WHERE


NERVES COME TOGETHER AND SEPARATE.


The _______ plexus originates from spinal nerves C1 to C4.

THE CERVICAL PLEXUS ORIGINATES FROM


SPINAL NERVES C1 TO C4

One of the most important branches of the


plexus is the ______ nerve, which innervates the diaphragm.

ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT BRANCHES OF THE PLEXUS IS THE PHRENIC NERVE, WHICH


INNERVATES THE DIAPHRAGM.

The ______ plexus originates from nerves C5 to T1, and has five major nerves arising from it: the axillary, _____, ulnar, musculocutaneous, and


median nerves.

THE BRACHIAL PLEXUS ORIGNINATES FROM NERVES C5 TO T1, AND HAS FIVE MAJOR NERVES ARISING FROM IT: THE AXILLARY, RADIAL,


ULNAR, MUSCULOCUTANEOUS, AND MEDIAN NERVES.

The _____ plexus originates from spinal nerves L1 to S4, and the obturator, ______, tibial, and


common fibular nerves exit this plexus.

THE LUMBOSACRAL PLEXUS ORIGINATES FROM SPINAL NERVES L1 TO S4, AND OBITURATOR, FEMORAL, TIBIAL, AND COMMON FIBULAR NERVES EXIT THE PLEXUS.
Together, the tibial and common fibular nerves are called the ____ nerve.
TOGETHER, THE TIBIAL AND COMMON FIBULAR NERVES ARE CALLED THE ISCHIADIC (SCIATIC) NERVES.

The _____ is the location where neurons synapse with postganglionic neurons.




A- Autonomic ganglion


B- Preganglionic neuron


C- Somatic motor system


D- Autonomic system

A- AUTONOMIC GANGLION

The _______ contains efferent neurons with single axons extending from the CNS to skeletal


muscle.




A- Autonomic ganglion


B- Preganglionic neuron


C- Somatic motor system


D- Autonomic system

C- SOMATIC MOTOR SYSTEM

The _________ is the first neuron in an autonomic pathway.




A- Autonomic ganglion


B- Preganglionic neuron


C- Somatic motor system


D- Autonomic system

B- PREGANGLIONIC NEURON

The _______ is the efferent system with two


neurons in series extending from the CNS to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands.




A- Autonomic ganglion


B- Preganglionic neuron


C- Somatic motor system


D- Autonomic system

D- AUTONOMIC SYSTEM

The part of the nervous system that transmit


impulses from the CNS to skeletal muscles is the:




A- somatic motor nervous system.


B- autonomic nervous system.


C- CNS


D- Afferent division

A- SOMATIC MOTOR NERVOUS SYSTEM

A neuron with many short dendrites and one long axon is a




A- multipolar neuron


B- bipolar neuron


C- unipolar neuron

A- MULTIPOLAR NEURON

Neuroglia that help remove bacteria and debris from the CNS are called




A- oligodendrocytes


B- microglia


C- ependymal cells


D- astrocytes


E- somas


B- MICROGLIA

Myelin sheaths can be formed by




A- cell process of oligodendrocytes


B- schwann cells


C- astrocytes


D- ependymal cells


E- ganglia


E- GANGLIA


Concerning conditions in a resting cell


membrane




A- there are more potassium ions outside the cell than inside.


B- there are more sodium ions inside the cell than outside.


C- the cell membrane is more permeable to sodium ions than potassium ions.


D- the sodium-potassium exchange pump moves sodium out of the cell.


E- all of the above



D- THE SODIUM-POTASSIUM EXCHANGE PUMP MOVES SODIUM OUT OF THE CELL

To produce an action potential in a neuron




A- depolarization must occur.


B- the threshold level of membrane potential must be reached.


C- the cell membrane must become permeable to sodium ions.


D- all of the above

D- ALL OF THE ABOVE

Neurotransmitters are released in a synapse an bind to




A- presynaptic terminal.


B- the synaptic cleft.


C- the base of the axon.


D- receptors on the postsynaptic terminal.

D- RECEPTORS ON THE POSTSYNAPTIC


TERMINAL

Import centers for control of heart rate, blood vessel diameter, breathing, swallowing and coughing are located in the




A- cerebrum


B- cerebellum


C- medulla oblongata


D- basal nuclei


C- MEDULLA OBLONGATA

Our conscious state is maintained by activity generated in the




A- cerebellum.


B- reticular formation.


C- limbic system.


D- medulla oblongata.

B- RETICULAR FORMATION

The major relay station for action potentials


going to and from the cerebral cortex is the




A- hypothalamus


B- pineal body


C- pons


D- cerebellum


E- thalamus


E- THALAMUS

General sensory input, such as pain, touch, and temperature are carried to the




A- primary motor area.


B- association areas.


C- primary somatic sensory area.


D- prefrontal area.

C- PRIMARY SOMATIC SENSORY AREA

The main connection between the right and left hemisphere of the cerebrum is the




A- basal nuclei


B- limbic system


C- corpus callosum


D- cerebellum

C- CORPUS CALLOSUM

All sensory neurons entering the spinal cord




A- enter through the dorsal horn.


B- have their cell bodies in the dorsal root


ganglia.


C- are part of a spinal nerve.


D- all of the above.


D- ALL OF THE ABOVE

Which of these would be a descending tract in the spinal cord?




A- spinothalamic tract


B- corticospinal tract


C- spinocerebellar tract


D- dorsal column.

B- CORTICOSPINAL TRACT

The outermost meninges layer is a thick, tough membrane called the




A- dura mater.


B- arachnoid.


C- pia mater.


D- subarachnoid layer.

A- DURA MATER

There are _____ pairs of cranial nerves and _____ pairs of spinal nerves.




A- 12, 24


B- 31, 12


C- 12, 31


D- 10, 12

C- 12, 31

A collection of spinal nerves that join together after leaving the spinal cord is called a




A- ganglion.


B- nucleus.


C- projection nerve.


D- plexus


D- PLEXUS

Which of these is expected if the sympathetic nervous system is activated?




A- Blood flow to the digestive organs


increases.


B- Blood flow to the skeletal muscles


increases.


C- Hear rate decreases.


D- Glucose release for the liver decreases.


E- Both A and B are correct

B- BLOOD FLOW TO THE SKELETAL MUSCLES


INCREASES.