The Human Body In Health And Illness, Chapter 6

Front 1

Groups of cells that are similar to each other in structure and function

Back 1

Tissues

Front 2

The study of tissues

Back 2

Histology

Front 3

This type of tissue forms large, continuous sheets

Back 3

Epithelial tissue

Front 4

This type of tissue is concerned primarily with protection, absorption, filtration, and secretion

Back 4

Epithelial tissue

Front 5

List the four characteristics of epithelial tissue

Back 5

1. Forms continuous sheets
2. One surface always unattached, other attached to basement membrane
3. Has no blood supply of its own
4. Able to regenerate, or repair itself quickly

Front 6

This type of epithelia is located in blood vessel walls, alveoli, and kidneys. It permits exchange of nutrients, waste; diffusion of O2 and CO2; and filtration of water and electrolytes

Back 6

Simple squamous epithelium

Front 7

This type of epithelia lines kidney tubules and glands like the thyroid, pancreas and salivary. Function is absorption of water and electrolytes; secretion of enzymes and hormones

Back 7

Simple cuboidal epithelium

Front 8

This type of epithelia lines the digestive tract and functions are protection, absorption, secretion of digestive juice

Back 8

Simple columnar epithelium

Front 9

This epithelia lines the respiratory tract and reproductive tubes (fallopian tubes). Functions to clean respiratory tract and sweeps egg toward uterus

Back 9

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Front 10

This epithelia forms the outer layer of skin and lines the mouth, esophagus, anus, and vagina. Functions to protect body from microbes and withstands friction

Back 10

Stratified squamous epithelium

Front 11

This epithelia lines the urinary bladder and permits it to expand as it fills with urine

Back 11

Transitional epithelium

Front 12

This type of gland has ducts, or tiny tubes, into which the secretions are released onto the body surface or into a body cavity

Back 12

Exocrine glands

Front 13

This type of gland secretes hormones directly inot the blood stream. Does NOT have ducts

Back 13

Endocrine glands

Front 14

This type of tissue is the most abundant of the four types and is widely distributed throughout the body

Back 14

Connective tissue

Front 15

All connective tissues share what two characteristics?

Back 15

1. All but ligaments and tendons have good blood supply
2. Most have alot of intercellular matrix

Front 16

Material located outside a connective tissue cell is called __________

Back 16

Intercellular matrix

Front 17

What types of protein fibers are also found in the intercellar matrix of most connective tissue?

Back 17

Collagen, elastin, and reticular fibers

Front 18

This type of loose connective tissue is found beneath the skin, most epithelial layers, and between muscles. It functions to bind together, protects, cushions: "tissue glue"

Back 18

Areolar Connective tissue

Front 19

This type of loose connective tissue is found in the subcutaneous layer, around kidneys and heart, and behind the eyeballs. It functions to cushion, insulat, and store fat

Back 19

Adipose Connective tissue

Front 20

This type of loose connective tissue forms the internal framework of lymphoid organs like lymph nodes, spleen and bone marrow

Back 20

Reticular Connective tissue

Front 21

This type of connective tissue binds structures together by formin tendons, ligaments, organ capsules, fascia and the dermis of the skin

Back 21

Dense Fibrous connective tissue

Front 22

This type of cartilage supports, protects, and provides framework. It is found at the ends of long bones, connects ribs to sternum, nose, fetal skeleton, and makes up the rings in trachea

Back 22

Hyaline cartilage

Front 23

This type of cartilage is found between the vertebrae, forms the pads in knee joint and between pubic bones.

Back 23

Fibrocartilage

Front 24

This type of cartilage forms the external ear and part of the larynx

Back 24

Elastic cartilage

Front 25

This type of connective tissue is very hard and contains calcium. It protects, provides a framework for our body.

Back 25

Bones

Front 26

This type of connective tissue transports nutrients, hormones, O2, CO2, and wastes and is found in the blood vessels of the body

Back 26

Blood

Front 27

This connective tissue drains interstitial fluid and is involved in the immune response. Found in vessels other than blood vessels in body

Back 27

Lymph

Front 28

This type of dense fibrous connective tissue forms cordlike structures that attach muscles to bones

Back 28

Tendons

Front 29

This type of dense fibrous connective tissue connects bones to bones

Back 29

Ligaments

Front 30

The tough dense fibrous connective tissue that surrounds certain organs such as the liver and kidney is called this?

Back 30

Capsule

Front 31

The type of dense fibrous connective tissue that covers muscles, blood vessels, and nerves is called _________

Back 31

Fascia

Front 32

The cells that form cartilage

Back 32

Chondrocytes

Front 33

The layer of connective tissue surrounding cartilage

Back 33

Perichondrium

Front 34

Bone tissue is also called this

Back 34

Osseous tissue

Front 35

Cells that make bone are called this

Back 35

Osteocytes

Front 36

Condition in which mineral is lost from bone causing them to be weak and prone to fracture

Back 36

Osteoporosis

Front 37

The fluid part of blood

Back 37

Plasma

Front 38

This type of tissue makes up the brain, spinal cord and nerves

Back 38

Nervous tissue

Front 39

These nerve cells transmit electrical signals to and from the brain and spinal cord

Back 39

Neurons

Front 40

This part of the neuron receives information and takes it to the cell body

Back 40

Dendrites

Front 41

The part of the neuron contains the nucleus

Back 41

Cell body

Front 42

This part of the neuron transmits information away from the cell body

Back 42

Axon

Front 43

This type of neural cell helps support and take care of the neurons. Called "nerve glue"

Back 43

Neuroglia

Front 44

This tissue is made up of cells that shorten or contract

Back 44

Muscle tissue

Front 45

Name the three types of muscle?

Back 45

1. Skeletal
2. Smooth
3. Cardiac

Front 46

This muscle type is striated, voluntary, and attaches to the bones to move them

Back 46

Skeletal muscle

Front 47

This muscle type is unstriated, involuntary, and found in the walls of viscera, or organs, bronchioles, and blood vessels

Back 47

Smooth muscle

Front 48

This muscle type is found only in the heart, is involuntary and striated

Back 48

Cardiac muscle

Front 49

Thin sheets of tissue that cover surfaces, line body cavities, and surround organs

Back 49

Membranes

Front 50

Membranes are of two types. They are _______ and ______

Back 50

Epithelial membranes
Connective tissue membranes

Front 51

Epithelial membranes include these three membrane types

Back 51

1. Cutaneous membrane
2. Mucous membrane
3. Serous membrane

Front 52

This epithelial membrane forms the skin

Back 52

Cutaneous membrane

Front 53

This epithelial membrane lines all body cavities that open to the exterior of the body

Back 53

Mucous membrane

Front 54

This epithelial membrane lines the ventral body cavities which are not open to the exterior of the body

Back 54

Serous membrane

Front 55

The thin, watery fluid secreted by serous membranes that lubricates the organs

Back 55

Serous fluid

Front 56

The part of a serous membrane that lines the walls of the cavity

Back 56

Parietal layer

Front 57

The part of a serous membrane that covers the outside of an organ

Back 57

Visceral layer

Front 58

The three serous membranes of the body

Back 58

1. Pleura
2. Pericardium
3. Peritoneum

Front 59

The serous membrane lining the throacic cavity and covering the lungs

Back 59

Pleura

Front 60

The serous membrane found in the thoracic cavity that surrounds the heart

Back 60

Pericardium

Front 61

The space between the pleural layers

Back 61

Pleural cavity

Front 62

The space between the pericardial layers

Back 62

Pericardial cavity

Front 63

The serous membrane found in the abdominal cavity that lines the walls and covers the organs

Back 63

Peritoneum

Front 64

The space between the peritoneal layers

Back 64

Peritoneal cavity

Front 65

The part of the end of a word that means tumor or neoplasm

Back 65

-oma (Example: lipoma, neuroma, carcinoma, sarcoma)