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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Superficial layer. Protects, anchors and prevents overfilling.
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Fibrous Pericardium
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Parietal layer, Visceral layer and Pericardial cavity.
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Serous Pericardium
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Heart wall
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Epicardium
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Visceral layer of the serous pericardium
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Epicardium
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Cardiac muscle
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Myocardium
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Lines all chambers. Continuous with endothelial lining of blood vessels.
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Endocardium
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internal separation of atria chambers
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interatrial septum
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internal separation of ventricle chambers
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interventricular septum
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external separation of atria and ventricles
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coronary sulcus (atrioventricular groove)
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external separation of ventricles
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interventricular sulci
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Vessels entering the right atrium.
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Superior vena cava – from body
Inferior vena cava – from body Coronary sinus – from heart |
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Vessels entering left atrium.
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Right and left pulmonary veins – from lungs
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project into the ventricular cavities
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Papillary muscles
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Vessel leaving the right ventricle
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Pulmonary trunk – to lungs
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Vessel leaving the left ventricle
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Aorta – to body
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Right side is the pump for the...
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Pulmonary circuit
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Left side is the pump for the...
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Systemic circuit
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Right atrium tricuspid valve right ventricle pulmonary semilunar valve pulmonary trunk pulmonary arteries LUNGS
pulmonary veins left atrium |
Pulmonary Circuit Path
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Left atrium bicuspid valve left ventricle aortic semilunar valve aorta systemic arteries BODY TISSUES
superior/ inferior vena cava right atrium |
Systemic Circuit Path
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Circuit with short, low-pressure circulation
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pulmonary circuit
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Circuit where blood encounters much resistance in the long pathways
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systemic circuit
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the functional blood supply to the heart muscle itself
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Coronary Circulation
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Thoracic pain caused by a fleeting deficiency in blood delivery to the myocardium.
Cells are weakened |
Angina pectoris
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Prolonged coronary blockage.
Areas of cell death are repaired with noncontractile scar tissue. |
Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack)
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Ensure unidirectional blood flow through the heart.
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Heart valves
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Prevent backflow into the atria when ventricles contract.
Tricuspid valve (right). Mitral valve (left). |
Atrioventricular Valves (AV)
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anchor AV valve cusps to papillary muscles
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Chordae tenineae
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Prevent backflow into the ventricles when ventricles relax.
Aortic semilunar valve. Pulmonary semilunar valve. |
Semilunar Valves (SL)
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striated, short, fat, branched, and interconnected cells
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Cardiac muscle cells
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Junctions between cells. Includes:
Desmosomes – anchor cardiac cells Gap junctions – allow passage of ions between cells Ensures whole unit contraction |
Intercalated discs
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A network of noncontractile (autorhythmic) cells that initiate and distribute impulses to coordinate contraction of the heart
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Intrinsic cardiac conduction system
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modified by the ANS
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Heartbeat
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Cardiac centers located in...
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Medulla Oblongata
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activated by emotional or physical stressors
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Sympathetic nervous system
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opposes sympathetic effects.
Heart rate slows. |
Parasympathetic nervous system
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contraction
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Systole—contraction
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relaxation
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Diastole
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takes place in mid-to-late diastole
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Ventricular filling
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occurs in early diastole
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Isovolumetric relaxation
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