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171 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Externally, the femalereproductive system consists of the _____, ______, and the _____ _____.
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vulva, clitoris, mammary glands
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Internally, this system consistsof the _____, _____, _____ _____, and the _____.
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vagina, uterus, uterine tubes, ovaries
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This is responsible for supporting conception andpregnancy.
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The female reproductive system
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Asthe female matures throughout her lifespan, this system develops and changesbased on the influence of ______, ______, and ______, produced by theovaries.
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hormones, estrogen, progesterone
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Female hormones, estrogen, and progesterone are produced by the _________.
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ovaries
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True or False? The female hormones are essential for sexual maturation, the menstrual cycle, andpregnancy. |
True |
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___________ is also important for the overall health of the female, affecting the structureand function of the integumentary, urinary, cardiac, musculoskeletal, andneurologic systems.
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Estrogen |
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These are a pair of almond-shaped organslocated in the pelvic cavity:
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ovaries
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______ ______ are stored in the ovaries.
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Egg cells |
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female sex cell
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ovum (pl. ova)
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These are a pair of 5-inch tubes attached tothe uterus, which provide a passageway for the ovum to move from the ovary tothe uterus.
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uterine tubes |
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How long are the uterine tubes? |
5-inches |
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This is pear-sized and pear-shapedmuscular organ that lies in the pelvic cavity (except during pregnancy).
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uterus |
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The functions of the uterus are: |
menstruation, pregnancy, and labor
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The inner lining of the uterus.
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endometrium
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The muscular, middle layer of uterus.
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myometrium |
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The thin outer layer of uterus.
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perimetrium |
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The large, central portion of uterus.
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corpus, or body
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The rounded upper portion of the uterus.
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fundus |
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The narrow lower portion of uterus.
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cervix |
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The 3-inch tube that connects the uterus tothe outside of the body.
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vagina |
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How long is the vagina tube? |
3-inches |
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The fold of membrane found near the opening of the vagina.
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hymen |
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The pouch between the posterior wall of the uterus and the anterior wall of the rectum.
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Rectouterine pouch (Douglas cul-de-sac) |
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Another name for the rectouterine pouch:
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Douglas cul-de-sac |
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These are a pair of mucus-producing glands located on each side of the vagina and justabove the vaginal opening.
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Bartholin glands |
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These are a pair of milk-producing glands of the female.
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mammary glands, or breasts |
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TRUE OR FASLE?
Each breast consists of 15 to 20 divisions, or lobes. |
TRUE |
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The breast nipple is called?
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mammary papilla |
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The pigmented area around the nipple.
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areola |
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These include the two pairs of lips that surround the vagina.
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vulva, or external genitals |
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What are names of the two pairs of lips that make up the vulva/external genitals, that surround the vagina?
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labia major and labia minora
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The highly erogenous erectile body located anterior to the urethra.
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clitoris |
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The pelvic floor in both the male and female;in females, it usually refers to the area between the vaginal opening and theanus.
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perineum |
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arche/o |
first, beginning |
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cervic/o |
cervix |
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colp/o, vagin/o |
vagina |
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culd/o |
cul-de-sac |
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episi/o, vulv/o |
vulva |
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gyn/o, gynec/o |
woman |
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hymen/o |
hymen |
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hyster/o, metr/o, metr/i |
uterus |
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mamm/o, mast/o |
breast |
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men/o |
menstruation |
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oophor/o |
ovary |
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perine/o |
perineum |
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salping/o |
uterine (fallopian) tube |
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(Prefix)
peri- |
surrounding (outer) |
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(Suffix)
-atresia |
absence of normal body opening, occlusion, closure |
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(Suffix)
-salpinx |
uterine (fallopian) tube |
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The combining form meaning vagina is:
a) colp/o b) culd/o c) metr/o d) mast/o |
a) colp/o |
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absence of menstrual discharge |
amenorrhea |
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Inflammation of the cervix |
cervicitis |
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Inflammation of the Bartholin gland (aka - Bartholinitis) |
Bartholin adenitis |
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Inflammation of the vagina |
colpitis, vaginitis |
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painful menstrual discharge |
dysmenorrhea |
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Inflammation of the inner (lining) of the cervix |
endocervicitis |
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Inflammation of the inner (lining) of the uterus (endometrium) |
endometritis |
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Blood in the uterine (Fallopian) tube |
hematosalpinx |
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Water in the uterine (Fallopian) tube |
hydrosalpinx |
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Closure of the uterus (uterine cavity) |
hysteratresia |
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Inflammation of the breast |
mastitis |
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Rapid flow of blood from the uterus at menstruation (and between menstrual cycles; increased amount) |
menometrorrhagia |
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Rapid flow of blood at menstruation (increased amount) |
menorrhagia |
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Rapid flow of blood from the uterus (between menstrual cycles) |
metrorrhagia |
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Inflammation of the uterine muscle (myometrium) |
myometritis |
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scanty menstrual flow (less often) |
oligomenorrhea |
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Inflammation of the ovary |
oophoritis |
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Inflammation surrounding the uterus (perimetrium) |
perimetritis |
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Pus in the uterine tube |
pyosalpinx |
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Inflammation of the uterine (fallopian) tube |
salpingitis |
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Hernia of the uterine (fallopian) tube |
salpingocele |
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Inflammation of the vagina |
vaginitis |
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Inflammation of the vulva and the vagina |
vulvovaginitis |
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Picture of Salpingitis |
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Growth of endometrium into the muscular portion of the uterus |
adenomyosis |
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Malignant tumor of the breast |
breast cancer |
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Malignant tumor of the cervix which progresses from cellular dysplasia to carcinoma. It's cause is linked to human papillomavirus infection (HPV). |
cervical cancer |
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Malignant tumor of the endometrium also called uterine cancer |
endometrial cancer |
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Abnormal condition in which endometrial tissue grows outside of the uterus in various areas in the pelvic cavity, including ovaries, uterine tubes, intestines, and uterus. |
endometriosis |
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A disorder characterized by one or more benign cyst in the breast |
fibrocystic breast disease |
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Benign fibroid tumor of the uterine muscle (also called my myoma of the uterus or leiomyoma) |
fibroid tumor |
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Malignant tumor of the ovary |
ovarian cancer |
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Inflammation of the female pelvic organs that can be caused by many different pathogens. If untreated, infection my spread upward from the vagina, involving the uterus, uterine tubes, ovaries, and other pelvic organs. An ascending infection may result in infertility and, in acute cases, fatal septicemia. |
pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) |
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PID |
pelvic inflammatory disease |
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Downward displacement of the uterus into the vagina (also called hysteroptosis) |
prolapsed uterus |
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A severe illness characterized by high fever, rash, vomiting, diarrhea, and myalgia, followed by hypotension and, in severe cases, shock and death– usually affects menstruating women using tampons; causes by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. |
toxicshock syndrome (TSS) |
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TSS |
toxic shock syndrome |
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Picture of Endometriosis |
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Which term means rapid flow of blood at menstruation?
a) menorrhagia b) metrorrhagia c) menorrhea d) menometrorrhagia |
a) menorrhagia |
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Excision of the cervix
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cervicectomy
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Suture of the vagina in the perineum (performed to mend perineal vaginal tears) |
colpoperineorrhaphy |
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Surgical repair of the vagina |
colpoplasty |
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Suture of the vagina (Wall of the vagina) |
colporrhaphy |
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Surgical repair of the vulva and perineum |
episioperineoplasty |
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Suture of (a tear in) the vulva |
episiorrhaphy |
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Excision of the hymen |
hymenectomy |
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Incision of the hymen |
hymenotomy |
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Excision of the uterus |
hysterectomy |
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Surgical fixation of the uterus |
hysteropexy |
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Excision of the uterus, uterine tubes, and ovaries |
hysterosalpingo-oophorectomy |
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Surgical repair of the breast (perform to enlarge, reduce in size or to reconstruct after removal of the tumor) |
mammoplasty |
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Surgical removal of a breast |
mastectomy |
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Surgical fixation of the breast (perform to lift sagging breast tissue or to create symmetry) |
mastopexy |
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Excision of an ovary |
oophorectomy
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Suture of (a tear in) the perineum |
perineorrhaphy |
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Excision of a uterine tube |
salpingectomy |
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Excision of the uterine tube and ovary |
salpingo-oophorectomy |
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Creation of an artificial opening in the uterine tube (performed to restore patency) |
salpingostomy |
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Excision of the Vulva |
vulvectomy |
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Types of Hysterectomies- picture
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Excision of the uterus, excluding cervix; (rarely performed) |
Subtotal Hysterectomy |
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Excision of the uterus; (abdominal, vaginal or laparascopic) |
Total Hysterectomy |
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Excision of the uterus, ovaries, and uterine tubes; (abdominal) |
Panhysterectomy |
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Excision of the uterus, ovaries, and uterine tubes, lymph nodes, upper portion of the vagina, and the surrounding tissues; (abdominal) |
Radical Hysterectomy |
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Vaginal excision of the uterus with the use of a laparoscope to view the abdominopelvic cavity. Laparoscopic instruments are used to sever the ligaments that hold the uterus in place. (Laparoscopic & Vaginal) |
Laparoscopic-assisted Vaginal Hysterectomy |
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These kind of instruments are used to sever the ligaments that hold the uterus in place.
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Laparoscopic instruments |
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Table of: Types of Surgeries Performed to Treat Malignant Breast Tumors |
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Removal of breast tissue, nipple, lymph nodes, and underlying chest wall muscle, also called HALSTED MASTECTOMY. (Rarely Performed) |
Radical Mastectomy |
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Removal of breast tissue, nipple, lymph nodes.
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Modified Radical Mastectomy |
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Removal of breast tissue, and nipple.
(AKA -Total Mastectomy) |
Simple Mastectomy |
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Removal of breast tissue ONLY.
Preserving the overlying skin, nipple and areola. |
Subcutaneous Mastectomy |
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Removal of a quadrant, or wedge, of breast tissue. (AKA - Quadrantectomy) |
Segmental Mastectomy |
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Removal of the cancerous lesion along with a margin of the surrounding healthy breast tissue. (AKA - Partial Mastectomy OR Breast-Conserving Surgery) |
Lumpectomy |
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Breast Surgery and Reconstruction
(Photo) |
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Types of Surgeries Involving the Uterus, Ovaries, and Uterine Tubes
(Photo) |
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Surgical repair of a weakened vaginal wall to correct a cystocele ( protrusion of the bladder against the interior wall of the vagina) and a rectocele (protrusion of the rectum against the posterior wall of the vagina) |
anterior and posterior colporrhaphy (A & P repair) |
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The surgical removal of a cone-shaped area of the cervix; used in the treatment for non-invasive cervical cancer (also called cone biopsy) |
conization |
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Dilation (widening) of the cervix and scraping of the endometrium with an instrument called a curette. It is performed to diagnose disease, to correct bleeding, and to empty uterine contents, such as tissue remaining after miscarriage. |
dilation and curettage (D & C) |
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(D & C) |
dilation and curettage |
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(A & P repair) |
anterior and posterior colporrhaphy |
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A procedure to destroy or remove the endometrium by use of laser or thermal energy; used to treat abnormal uterine bleeding |
endometrial ablation |
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Closure of the uterine tubes for sterilization by tying (ligation) (the broader term "tubal sterilization" includes cauterizing the cut ends) (also called "tying of tubes") |
tubal ligation |
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Minimally invasive procedure used to treat fibroids of the uterus by blocking arteries that supply blood to the fibroids. First, an arteriogram is used to identify the vessels. Once identified, tiny gelatin beads, about the size of grains of sand, are inserted into the vessels to create a blockage. The blockage stops the blood supply to the fibroids causing them to shrink. |
uterine artery embolization (UAE) |
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(UAE) |
uterine artery embolization |
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laparoscopy or laparoscopic surgery |
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myomectomy |
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. |
sentinel lymph node biopsy
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stereotactic breast biopsy |
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This type of biopsy utilizes mammography, sonography, or MRI radiographic images to guide a biopsy needle.
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Directed breast biopsy |
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This type of biopsy involves making an incision to remove a palpable breast lesion.
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Surgical breast biopsy |
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This type of biopsy combines both modalities and uses a radiographic guidance to place a thin, flexible wire directly into a breast lesion. The lesion is removed surgically with the wire intact.
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Wire localization biopsy |
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This type of conization isstandard treatment for abnormal cervical cells. This outpatient procedure uses a thin electric loop to quickly andsafely excise a cone of cervical tissue, while simultaneously cauterizing toprevent bleeding.
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LEEP (loop electrosurgical excision procedure) |
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(LEEP) |
loop electrosurgical excision procedure |
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This type of conization utilizes a special surgical instrument called a cryoprobe. Made freezing cold by nitrogen gas, the cryoprobe is held on the area of cervical abnormality to destroy abnormal cells.
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Cryosurgery (also called cold knife conization) |
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Also called cold knife conization
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Cryosurgery |
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This type of conization uses a laser focused on the area of cervical abnormality to destroy cells.
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Laser ablation |
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Laparoscopic Tubal Sterilization (Photo) |
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Which of the following means excision of a fibroid tumor?
a) mastectomy b) myomectomy c) oophorectomy |
. |
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What kind of imaging are theses:
hysterosalpingogram, mammogram, mammography, sonohysterography, and culdocentesis. (Diagnostic Terms Built from Word Parts) |
Diagnostic imaging
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What kind of procedure category do these fall under?
colposcope, colposcopy, culdoscope, culdoscopy, hysteroscope, hysteroscopy (Diagnostic Terms Built from Word Parts) |
Types of Endoscopy
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Mammography (photo) |
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Diagnostic Imaging of the female..
(Diagnostic Terms NOT Built from Word Parts) |
transvaginal sonography
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Laboratory Test of the female...
(Diagnostic Terms NOT Built from Word Parts) |
* CA-125 * Pap smear |
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Pap Smear (Photo) |
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A mammogram is a radiographic image of the:
a) uterus b) uterine tubes c) vagina d) breast |
d) breast |
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Complementary Terms Built from Word Parts
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gynecologist, gynecology, gynopathic, leukorrhea, mastalgia, mastoptosis, vaginal, vulvovaginal
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Complementary Terms Not Built from Word Parts
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dyspareunia, hormone replacement therapy (HRT), fistula, menopause, premenstrual syndrome (PMS), speculum
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(HRT) |
hormone replacement therapy |
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(PMS) |
premenstrual syndrome |
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Abbreviations |
A& P repair Cx
D& C HRT FBD GYN PID PMS SHG TAH/BSO TSS TVH TVS UAE |
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What is the abbreviation for inflammation of the female pelvicorgans?
a) PMS b) TSS c) TVS d) PID |
d) PID |
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HISTORY:This 37-year-old gravida 2 para 2 African-American woman was referred by herprimary care provider. She complains of fullness in the pelvic region and menometrorrhagia. She admits to frequency andurgency of urination. Also, she complains of fatigue. The patient’s lastmenstrual period was two weeks ago. Her mother was treated for ovariancancer.
PHYSICALEXAMINATION: Upon bimanual pelvic examination, an ill-defined mass was palpableon left lateral portion of the uterus. DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES: Pap smear results showed normal cytology. CA-125 results were normal. Transvaginal sonography confirmed the presence of a pedunculated fibroid tumor. The uterine tubes and ovaries were normal.IMPRESSION: Uterine fibroids. RECOMMENDATION: We discussed the benefits of having a vaginal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy in view of her mother’s history of ovarian cancer. The patient declined this approach because of the desire to have another child. A laparoscopic myomectomy is therefore recommended.
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Interactwith Medical Records
(READ) |
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FemaleReproductive Organs
(Photo 1 Side View) |
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Female Reproductive Organs
(Photo 2 - Frontal View) |
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Female Reproductive Organs
( Give the Combining form of #1 ) |
1. CF) |
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Female Reproductive Organs
(Give the Combining forms of #2 ) |
2.
CF) CF) CF) |
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Female Reproductive Organs
(Give the Combining form of #3 ) |
3. CF)
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Female Reproductive Organs
(Give the Combining forms of #4) |
4.
CF) CF) |
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Female Reproductive Organs
(Give the Combining forms of #5) |
5.
CF) CF) |
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Female Reproductive Organs
(Give the Combining form of #6) |
6. CF)
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