The Endocrine System For (Lpn) Nurses

Front 1

the ENDOCRINE

Back 1

a GLAND that secrets directly into the bloodstream

Front 2

The ENDOCRINE SYSTEM is:

Back 2

A group of GLANDS that produces regulatory chemical called HORMONES

Front 3

HORMONES are:

Back 3

CHEMICAL MESSENGERS that have SPECIFIC regulatory effects on certain cells or organs

Front 4

What is TARGET TISSUE:

Back 4

The SPECIFIC TISSUE that is acted on by each hormone.

Front 5

What are RECEPTORS:
(clue: attaches)

Back 5

The method that hormones attaches (binds) to target tissue.

They attach in the plasma membrane(or in the cytoplasma)cells.

Front 6

THE pituitary (hypophysis) GLAND

Back 6

1.- an ENDOCRINE gland that is located under & controlled by the HYPOTHALAMUS

2.- releases hormones that control other glands;hypothosis

Front 7

the hypothalamus

Back 7

the REGION of the BRAIN that controls the PITUITARY & maintains homeostasis.

Front 8

name the ENDOCRINE glands:

Back 8

1.-Pituitary (anterior & posterior)
2.-Thyroid (parathyroid)
3.-Adrenal (medulla & cortex)
4.-Pancreas(islets of Langerhans)
5.-Sex glands (ovaries & testes)
6.-Thymus gland
7.-Pineal gland

Front 9

what is the "infundibulum"-
(in-fun-DIB-u-lum)

Back 9

-a stalk that connects the pituitary gland to the brain's hypothalamus

Front 10

Chemically,hormones fall into what 2 catagories:

Back 10

1.-Amino Acid compounds

2.-Lipids

Front 11

The adrenal medulla

Hormone ?

Back 11

1.-manufactures and release adrenaline in response to stress such as pain or shock.
2.-effect of adrenaline is to prepare the body for activity.
Hormone-Epinephrine/nonepinephine

Front 12

The adrenal cortex

Hormone?

Back 12

1.-Aids in metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, fats;active during stress.
2.-Aids in regulating electrolytes & water balance.
Hormone- Cortisol (95% of glucoocorticoids)
*-Aldestorone(95% of mineralocorticoids)

Front 13

Pancreas
(islets of Langerhans)

Back 13

location:a small organ lying below the stomach. It has both endocrine and exocrine functions.

1.-endocrine: the islets of langerhans contain different types of cells alpha cells and beta cells. The islets are well supplied blood capillaries and these hormones are secreted directly into the blood.

2.-exocrine function: the majority of cells in the pancreas manufacture and release digestive enzymes. The cells are found in small groups surrounding tiny tubules into which they secrete digestive enzymes.

Front 14

insulin

Back 14

-is the hormone released from the pancreas that causes blood glucose levels to go down

Front 15

Glucagon

Back 15

-is the hormone that causes blood glucose levels to rise.

Front 16

parathyroid glands

hormone- (PTH)
(low causes tetany)

Back 16

(4 tiny), located in posterior of thyroid caspule.

PTH- promotes calcium from bone tissue; causes the kidney to conserve calcium

Neg.feedback- calcitonin produced

Front 17

tetany

Back 17

muscle spasm due to low blood calcium; as in parathyroid deficiency

Front 18

calitriol
(kal-sih-TRI-ol)

Back 18

-the active form of vitamin D

needed for calcium balance (along with PTH & calcitonin)

Front 19

secrete their products into ducts and the ducts carry their secretion to the target site

Back 19

exocrine gland

Front 20

constitute the endocrine system and include the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, and pineal glands

Back 20

endocrine glands

Front 21

An excess of growth hormone in an adult results in

Back 21

Acromegaly

Front 22

An androgen is a

Back 22

male sex hormone

Front 23

Oxytocin

Back 23

The hormone that causes milk ejection from the breasts is

Front 24

Cushing syndrome is associated with an excess of

Back 24

Cortisol

Front 25

Addison disease results from underactivity of the

Back 25

Adrenal Cortex

Front 26

The pituitary hormone that regulates the activity of the thyroid gland

Back 26

TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone)

Front 27

An abnormal increase in production of the hormone epinephrine may result from a tumor of the

Back 27

Medulla

Front 28

When the blood glucose level decreases to less than average, the islet cells of the pancreas release less insulin. The result is an increase in blood glucose. This is an example of the regulatory mechanism called:

Back 28

Negative Feedback

Front 29

these (3 things) work together to regulate the amount of calcium in the blood.
also provides calcium for bone maintenance

Back 29

*calcitonin
*PTH (parathyroid hormone)
*calcitriol

Front 30

name the 2 hormone categories

Back 30

1.- amino acids (all except those of the adrenal cotex & sex glands)
2.- lipids (made of fatty acids;most are steroids, derived from cholesterol.

Front 31

the pituitary gland is divided into what 2 parts:

Back 31

the anterior lobe & the posterior lobe

Front 32

what are "releasing hormones"?

Back 32

-they are "chemical messengers" from the hypothalamus, that releases the hormones in the anterior pituitary.

Front 33

name the 6 anterior pituitary hormones:

*mneumonic-(Girls That ACT (have) PRetty FiSHy Legs.)

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1.-GH/growth 2.-TSH/thyroid
3.-ACTH/adrenocorticotropic
4.-PRL/prolactin 5.-FSH/follicle
6.-LH/luteinizing

Front 34

name the 2 posterior pituitary glands:
(water & milk)

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1.-ADH/antiduretic

2.- Oxytocin

Front 35

isthmus

Back 35

-the narrow band that connects the two lobes of the thyroid gland

Front 36

Function of the:
thyroid gland

Back 36

produces 2 hormones that REGULATE METABOLISM.

Front 37

name the 2 hormones in the thyroid gland

Back 37

1.-thyroxine (T4) the pincipal hormone.
2.-triiodothyonine (T3)
* * Both reglate metabolism & growth

Front 38

the largest of the endocrine glands is:

Back 38

the thyroid

Front 39

calcitonin

Back 39

-regulates calcium ( a thyroid produced gland).

Front 40

Disorders-

Goiter

Back 40

-enlargment of the thyroid

Front 41

Disorders-

HYPOthyoidism is:

Back 41

UNDERactivity of the thyroid

Front 42

Disorders-

Myxedema is;

Back 42

- develops from thyroid atrophy (wasting) in an adult.
** sluggish, dry hair & skin. Face swells

Front 43

Disorders-

HYPERthyroidism is:

Back 43

- OVERactivity of the thyroid gland.
* *commonally known as Graves disease.
* *protrusion of eyes known as "exophtalmos"

Front 44

Treatment-

of hyperthyroidism:

Back 44

* suppression of hormone production w/ medication.
* destruction w/ radioactive iodine.
* surgical removal.

Front 45

Disorders-

thyroid storm is

Back 45

- a sudden, exaggerated form of hyperthyroidism.

* maybe fatal w/out treatment.

Front 46

Disorders-

Thyroiditis

Back 46

- inflammation of the thyroid, by infection or autoimmunity.

* Hashimoto disease (autoimmunity), may be hereditary or excess iodine

Front 47

where are the adrenal glands located:

name it's 2 separate (acting)parts:

Back 47

- located atop of the kidneys.

-each has an inner arear called the "medulla."
-the outer portion is called the "cortex"