Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is The Cognitive Interview? |
Fisher and Geiselman (1992) developed an interviewing technique which was based on proven psychological principles concerning effective memory recall. |
|
|
The Four Components |
1. Report Everything 2. Reinstatement of Context 3. Changing The Order 4. Changing The Perspective |
|
|
The First Component |
Report Everything The interviewer encourages the reporting of every single detail of the event, no matter how irrelevant it may seem. |
|
|
The Second Component |
Mental Reinstatement of The Original Context The interviewer encourages the interviewee to mentally recreate the environment and contacts from the incident. |
|
|
The Third Component |
Changing the Order The interviewer may try alternative ways through the 'timeline' of the incident. An example would be by reversing the order in which the events occurred. |
|
|
The Fourth Component |
Changing the Perspective The Interviewee is asked to recall the incident from multiple perspectives, for example by imagining how it would have appeared to other witnesses present at the time. |
|
|
Why Use the Components? |
The First Two Components are based on the concept that if there is a consistency between the actual incident and the recreation, there is a likeliness that the witnesses will recall more details. The Last Two Components are based on the concept that the information is in the witnesses brain, but must be 'found' through different 'routes' and that variation will increase the chances of finding said 'routes'. |
|
|
Kohnken et al (1999) |
Conducted a meta analysis of 53 studies. Found , on average, an increase of 34% in the amount of correct information generated from the CI compared to the standard methods. |
|
|
Milne and Bull (2002) |
Examined the effectiveness of each of the four components of the CI. Undergraduate students and children were interviewed each using one component of the CI, a combination of multiple, or a control. Recall from each one on its own was similar, but when used in unison their recall was much higher than other conditions. |
|
|
Problems With The Cognitive Interview |
Establishing Effectiveness - One of the problems with the CI is that it is no longer one procedure, but a mix of many techniques. This means it's hard to study it's effectiveness; thus it loses validity. Time Problems - From their interviews with police, Kebbell and Wagstaff report a problem with the CI in that it requires more time than is often available. |
|
|
The Enhanced Cognitive Interview |
Made by Fisher and Geiselman (1992) It adds more effective techniques, but places even more demand onto the witness. This has raised concern about the quality and quantity used for CI. Stein and Mermon found that when the enhanced version is used, it can produce a significant increase in a witness' recall. |
