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103 Cards in this Set
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- Back
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Anabolism
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the process of building up large proteins from small protein pieces called amino acids.
ana- up bol means to cast -ism is a procesa |
Building up
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catabolism
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complete nutrients are broken down to simpler substances and energy is released.
cata- down bol means to cast -ism is a process |
break down
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cell membrane
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structure surrounding and protecting the cell
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chromosomes
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rod shaped structures in the nucleus that contain regions of DNA called genes
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46 in ever cell, 23 in each egg and sperm
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cytoplasm
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all the material that is outside the nucleus and yet contained within the cell
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DNA (deoxyribose nucleic acid)
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chemical found within each chromosome
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recipes and codes
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endoplasmic reticulum
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network of canals within the cytoplasm of the cell
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here large proteins are made of smaller proteins
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genes
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regions of DNA within each chromosome
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karyotype
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pictures of chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell.
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chromosomes arranged in numerical order to determine their number and structure
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metabolism
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total of the chemical processes o inthe cell.
meta- change bol means to cast -ism is a process |
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mitochondria
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structures on the cytoplasm that provide the principal source of energy for the cell.
mito- chondr/o means cartilage -ia pertaining to |
"powerhouse"
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nucleus
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control center of the cell.
nucle/o means nucleus |
contained chromosomes and directs the activities of the cell
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muscle cell
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long and slender and contains fibers that aid in contracting and relaxing
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epithelial cell
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square and flat, provides protection
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nerve cell
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long with various fibrous extensions that aid in caring impulses
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day cell
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contains large empty spaces for fat storage
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histologist
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a scientist who specializes the study of tissues
host/o means tissue logist means specialist |
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epithelial tissue
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forms the linings of internal organs, and the outer surface of the skin covering the body
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connective tissue
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examples: adipose, cartilage, bones and blood
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viscera
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medical term for internal organs
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digestive system
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organs included: mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, pancreas
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urinary/excretory system
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kidneys, ureters,urinary bladder,urethra
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respiratory system
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organs included: pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes, lungs
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reproductive system
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organs included: ovaries, fallopian tubes,uterus, basins, Mammary glands
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endocrine system
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organs included: thyroid gland, pituitary gland, sex glands, adrenal glands, pancreas, parathyroid glands
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nervous system
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organs included: brain, spinal cord, nerves, and collections of nerves
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circulatory system
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organs included: heart, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nodes, spleen, thymus gland
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muskuloskeletal
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organs included: muscles,bones,and joints
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skin and sense organs
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organs included: skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous (oil glands), eye, ear, nose and tongue
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diaphragm
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muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities. moves up and down and aids in breathing.
dia- through or throughout |
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dorsal (posterior)
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pertaining to the back
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mediastinum
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centrally located space outside of and between the lungs
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pelvic cavity
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space below the abdomen containing prions of the intestines, rectum, urinary bladder, and reproductive organs.
pelvic means pertaining to the pelvis, including the hip bones |
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peritoneum
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double folded membrane surrounding the abdominal cavity
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pleura
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double folded membrane surrounding each lung
pleural means pertaining to the pleura |
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pleural cavity
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space between the pleura layers
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spinal cavity
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space within the spinal column (back bones) containing the spinal cord
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also called the spinal canal
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thoracic cavity
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space in the chest containing the heart, lungs, bronchial tubes, trachea, esophagus, and other organs
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central (anterior)
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pertaining to the front
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hypochondriac
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right/left upper regions beneath the ribs.
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abdominopelvic region
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epigastric
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middle upper region above the stomach
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amdominopelvic region
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lumbar
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right/left middle regions near the waste
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abdominopelvic regions
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umbilical
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central near the navel
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abdomjnopelvic region
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inguinal
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right/left lower regions near the groin. also called iliac regions
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abdominopelvic region
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hypogastric
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middle lower region below the umbilical region
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abdominopelvic region
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RUQ
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right upper quadrant
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a domino pelvic quadrants
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LUQ
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Left upper quadrant
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abdominopelvic quadrants
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RLQ
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right lower quadrant
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abdominipelvic quadrants
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LLQ
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left lower quadrant
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abdominoelvic quadrant
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cervical
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neck region ( c1-c7)
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divisions of the back
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thoracic
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chest region (T1-T12)
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divisions of the back
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lumbar
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loin waste region (L1-L5)
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divisions of the back
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sacral
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region of the sacrum (S1-S5)
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divisions of the back
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coccygeal
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region of the coccyx (tailbone)
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divisions of the back
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vertebra
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single back bone
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vertebrae
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backbones
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spinal cord
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nervous tissue within the spinal cavity
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disk (disc)
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Piaf of cartilage between vertebrae
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anterior (ventral)
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front surface of the body
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deep
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away from the surface
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distal
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far from the point of attachment to the truck or far from the beginning of a structure.
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inferior (caudal)
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below another structure; pertaining to the tail or lower portion of the body
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lateral
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pertaining to the side
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medial
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pertaining to the middle or near the medical plane of the body
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posterior (dorsal)
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back surface of the body
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prone
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lying on the belly (face down, palms down,)
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proximal
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near the point of attachment to the trunk or near the beginning of a structure.
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sagittal (lateral) plane
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lengthwise vertical plane dividing the body or structure into the right and left sides.
midsagittal- dividers the bossy into right and left halves |
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superficial
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on the surface
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superior (cephalic)
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above another structure; pertaining to the head
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transverse (axial) plane
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horizontal (cross-sectional) plane dividing the bossy into upper and lower portions
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supine
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lying on the back (face up, palms up)
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abdomin/o
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abdomen
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adip/o
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fat
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anter/o
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front
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bol/o
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to cast (throw)
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cervic/o
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neck of the body or of the uterus
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chondr/o
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cartilage
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chrom/o
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color
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coccyg/o
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coccyx (tailbone)
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crani/o
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skull
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cyt/o
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cell
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dist/o
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far, distant
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dors/o
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back portion of the body
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hist/o
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tissue
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ili/o
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ilium (part of the pelvic bone)
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inguin/o
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groin
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kary/o
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nucleus
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later/o
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side
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lumb/o
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lower back (side and back between the ribs and the pelvis)
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medi/o
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middle
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nucle/o
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nucleus
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pelv/i
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pelvis, hip region
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poster/o
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back, behind
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proxim/o
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nearest
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sacr/o
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flesh
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spin/o
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spine backbone
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the/o, theli/o
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nipple
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thorac/o
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chest
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trache/o
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trachea,windpipe
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umbilic/o
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navel,umbilicus
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ventr/o
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belly side of the body
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vertebr/o
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vertebra,backbone
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