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30 Cards in this Set
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Blood |
responsible for the transportation fro nutrients and needed gases and waste. it's a 3 way for enzymes and hormones. has to do with temperature regulation. facts: we have 25 trillion red blood cells a typical blood cell only lives about 120 days cell division is responsible for the production of red blood cells 7.35/7.45 pH of blood |
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functions of blood |
electrolyte balance important in immunity |
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acidosis |
an excessively acid condition of the body fluids or tissues.
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alkalosis |
an excessively alkaline condition of the body fluids or tissues that may cause weakness or cramps.
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plasma |
makes up about 55% of volume of blood made up primarily of water; about 92% includes different types of proteins includes different types of ions such as potassium and sodium contains nutrients contains amino acids and glucose |
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erythrocytes (red blood cells) |
cells that live for about 120 days major component is hemoglobin the mature cells are anucleated these cells are constantly replaced |
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reticulocytes |
immature red blood cells bicaved shaped cells |
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4 blood groups |
1. A: 41 % of population; can be AA or AO 2. B: 9% of the population; can be BB or BO 3. AB: 4% of the population; can only be AB 4. O: 46% of the population; can be O or OO |
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rhesus factor |
Rh+: approx. 85% of the population Rh-: approx. 15% of the population M:MM N: NN MN: MN |
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Leukocytes (white blood cells) |
type of blood cell in which you have about 1000 red blood cells for each one of these cells lower count= immunodeficiency high count= infection |
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neutrophils |
the most common WBC's a type of granulocyte make up 60-70%of WBC's Poly-morpho-nucleated destroy bacteria, allergens, and may attack parasites when they enter your body they destroy through the process of phagocytosis high amounts= burns, inflammation, or infection low amounts=lupus, vitamin B-12 deficiency |
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eosinophils |
make up 1-4% of WBC's orange-ish or red bilobed capable of undergoing a process called diapedesis which can squeeze through the tissue to do their job high amounts= allergies, parasitic infections low amounts= could mean that you have an endocrine problem called cushing syndrome |
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baophil |
make up less than 1% of WBC's can undergo diapedesis (squeezing in and out) they contain heparin which is a polysaccharide keeps blood from clogging too quickly (anticoagulant) high amounts= some forms of cancer low amounts= may appear during ovulation |
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lymphocyte |
type of agranulocyte make up 20-40% of WBC's bigger than a red blood cell big nucleus with very little cytoplasm produce antibodies so they are important in immune response protect us from viruses high amount= immune disorders such as leukemia low amounts= immunosuppression's such as HIV, opportunistic infections |
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monocytes |
make up 2-8% of WBC's largest of the different types of WBC's have large, dark stained, kidney shaped nucleus blue-ish and foamy found in your circulatory for about 3 days once they are formed. they leave vessels and roam about the tissues. become wandering macro-phage. they are looking for cellular debris or bacteria. If they come across something too big they send messes to the other monocytes to come help it fight. high number= variety of infections low number= relatively uncommon they report out differential |
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mucous membrane |
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cutaneous membrane |
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serous membrane |
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muscle tissue |
a type of tissue that has the ability to contract. when it contracts it generated the force to do work. can exhibit excitability it can extend elastic flexible it generates force to preform work maintains posture provides movement generates heat |
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smooth muscle |
type of muscle that is involuntary controlled by the autonomic nervous system ex: peristalsis can control under vital feedback lacks striation |
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2 types of visceral muscle |
single unit: the most common smooth muscle. it might be found wrapped around small vessels in the bladder, or small intestine. multi unit: found around large vessels. it has more responsibility. it can be found in the bronchioles of the lungs. can be found in the capsules of the spleen. some can be found in the eye. ex: muscle in the arrector pili |
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skeletal muscle |
sometimes called striated smooth muscle voluntary usually attached to the bones of the skeleton we call it striated because it has stripes or striations in it when viewed from a microscope. has bands of the proteins actin and myosin. capable of hard work has a very complex anatomy |
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cardiac muscle |
is the most durable muscle in the body capable of long hard and sustained work make up is similar to skeletal muscle intercalated |
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nervous tissue |
a tissue that is very important in inter-grading and controlling bodily systems it is intimately linked to all the organs important in systems monitors internal and external environment have over 100 billion of these cells in your blood glial "neurologlia": support these cells variety of sizes of great diversity vary in shape |
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astrocyte |
a cell that has a star shaped appearance; found in nerve tissue |
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astrocytoma |
cancer of astrocytes; which can be known as brain cancer |
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3 parts of nerve cells |
1. body: you find cellular components. big nucleus, organelles, and nissl bodies. 2. axons: carry away from the cell body 3. dendrites |
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multi-polar neurons: |
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bi-polar neurons |
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unipolar neurons |
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