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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a target? |
A target is an entity or object considered for possible engagement or other action. Targets include a wide array of mobile and stationary forces, equipment, capabilities, and functions that an enemy commander can use to conduct operations. |
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What is targeting? |
Targeting is the process of selecting and prioritizing targets and matching the appropriate response to them considering the operational requirements and capabilities. |
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What do fires tasks include? |
Decide surface targets Detect surface targets Deliver fire support Assess effectiveness Integrate and synchronize cyber activities |
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How does targeting contribute to the Fires WFF? |
Targeting is a critical process of the Fires WFF used to integrate and synchronize the effects of the types of Fires with the effects of other WFF's |
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What are the four targeting principles? |
1. focused on commanders objectives 2. concerned with creating specific desired effects (lethal/nonlethal) 3. tgting is a command function requiring participation from many disciplines 4. seeks to achieve effects in a systematic manner |
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Adhering to the four targeting principles should to what? |
increase the probability of creating desire effects and achieving the COs desired end state. |
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The targeting process is focused on what? |
Achieving the commanders objectives |
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Relative to the function of targeting? |
to achieve efficiently objectives within the parameters set forth by the CO. Parameters: Directed limitation ROE, LoW, use of force Targeting Priorities key tasks desired effects end-state objective |
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What is the art of targeting? |
seeking to achieve desired effects with the least amount of risk, expenditure of time and resources Science: fm 3-60 Art: implement a structured doctrine based method with your own angle. |
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What is targeting concerned with? |
Creating specific desired effects through lethal nonlethal actions |
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Targeting is a __________ ___________ that requires the participation of many disciplines. |
Command Function BDE Staff Special Staff (SJA, PAO, MEDO, etc.) BDE enablers (LEP, ADT, HTT, etc.) NGOs DoS National Assets Collaborative and parallel plannning |
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Targeting seeks to achieve effects through letha and nonlethal actions in a ____________ manner. |
Systematic manner analyze prioritize task engage Focus on CO objectives and what effects he's trying to achieve and then methodically and systematically execute. |
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What is D7NISE? |
disrupt delay degrade deny destroy divert deceive neutralize interdict suppress exploit |
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Are desired effects mutually exclusive? |
no |
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What do target restrictions consist of? |
No strike list and restricted target list. |
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What does the no strike list consist of? |
entities or objects protected by
loac international law rules of engagement other consideration |
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What does the restricted target list consist of? |
valid targets with specific action assigned to it
limit CDE Strike time requirements (day/night) Weapon requirements |
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what are the targeting categories? |
deliberate and dynamic |
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what are some characteristics of deliberate targeting? |
prosecutes planned targets known to exist within the OE/AO have action scheduled or tasked against them Scheduled and on-call: Scheduled targets exist in the OE and are located in sufficient time or prosecuted at a specific, planned time On-call targets have action planned but nor for a specific delivery time |
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what are some characteristics of dynamic targeting? |
prosecutes target of opportunity and changes to planned targets or objectives ToO are identified late or not selected for action in time, to be included in deliberate process there are two ToO unanticipated and unplanned Unanticipated: are unknown or not expected to exist in the OE Unplanned: known to exist in the OE but no action planned against them |
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what are the target types? |
planned and targets of opportunity |
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define targeting |
the process of selecting and prioritizing targets and matching the appropriate response to them considering operational requirements and capabilities. |
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A successful targeting process enables the commander to do what within his decision cycle? |
synch intelligence and operation in time/space to achieve the desired effect and meet his intent |
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fill in blanks |
the targeting process is focused on achieving the ______ _______. targeting is concerned with the creation of specific ______ _______ through lethal and nonlethal actions. targeting is a ______ ______ that requires the participation of many disciplines. targeting seeks to achieve effects through lethal and nonlethal actions in a ______ manner. |
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Within the commanders guidance, there are _____ doctrinal effects to take into consideration? |
D7NISE destroy disrupt delay degrade deny divert decieve neutralize interdict suppress exploit |
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the two targeting categories include______ and ______ targets? |
deliberate dynamic
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___________ prosecutes targets of opportunity and changes to planned targets or objectives? |
Dynamic targeting |
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there are two types of deliberate targets, what are they? |
scheduled and on-call |
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there are tow types of targets of opportunity, what are they? |
unanticipated and unplanned |
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How does nesting D3A within MDMP organize efforts of the commander and staff to accomplish key targeting requirements (objectives/end state)? |
synchronizes intelligence and operations to meet the commanders objective and desired effects and intent |
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what does the D3A process facilitate? |
attack of the right target, with the right asset, at the right time |
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what is the purpose of the targeting methodology? |
integrate and synchronize scalable fires with maneuver operations |
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what is the most important function of MDMP and why? |
decide, it provides overall focus and sets priorities for intelligence collection and attack planning. relies heavily on detailed IPB(HVT), the foundation for the rest of the targeting process. this is when TSS, HPTL, AGM, ISR plan are developed. |
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what do you do when S2 conducts IPB? |
review COs priorities analyze assessments review historical data develop an understanding of your enablers review fires capabilities and limitation with the OE (Running Estimates) develop initial product templates analyze enemy TTPs evaluate the S2 assessment of potential HVTs do your homework and apply critical thinking to the problem sets |
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what are TSS? |
criteria applied to enemy activity and used in deciding whether the activity is a target. (TLE, size of enemy activity, status of activity(stationary etc), timeliness (decay time) |
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what does the AGM provide? |
it addresses which targets will be attacked, how, when, and the desired effects |
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when initiating the "decide" function, what does the TVA rely heavily on? |
Detailed IPB(HVTs) |
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which intitial products result from the decide phase (that 131As are primarily responsible for)? |
HPTL, AGM, TSS, TSM |
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______ are criteria applied to enemy activity (acquisitions and battle field information) and used in deciding whether the activity is a target? |
TSS |
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the ______ identifies which targts will be prosectuted, how, when, and the desired effects? |
AGM |
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how does the S-2 direct the effort to detect HPTs identified in the decide function? |
detect determines accurate, identifiable, and timely requirements for collection systems. collection needs expressed in PIR or IRs Must conduct thorough vetting and validation In COIN, intel factors of OE that affect the populace require attention (non-lethal) |
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when does detect occur, who supervises the execution of the collection plan, and what is it focused on? |
execution collection manager focused on COs PIRs
focused collection, tracks targets, develops targets, confirms ID, collateral damage avoidance, positions attack/detect assets |
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what does the deliver function do and support? |
executes attack guidance and supports the commanders battle plan(priorities) once the HPT has been located and IDed |
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what does target attack require? |
Tactical and technical decision |
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what are some tactical decisions of the deliver function? |
determine time of attack, desired effect(degree of damage), weapon system being used, and the potential for collateral damage |
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what are some technical decision of the deliver function? |
describe number and type of munitions, unit to attack, response time of the attacking unit |
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what are some tactical consideration for deliver function? |
time of attack, planned target, desired effects, weapon system, CDE |
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what are some technical decision considerations of the deliver function? |
focused on weapon system engagement, target range, system availability, munition restrictions |
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what is the key to assessments? |
accountibility |
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how do we harness assessments? |
continued monitoring CCIR(PIR-FFIR) hold subordinate units accountable establish MOE(are we doing right things?) and MOP(are we doing things right?) prior to execution |
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what are the three elements of combat assessment? |
BDA Munitions effectiveness assessment Re-attack recommendations |
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what does BDA include? |
known or estimated threat unit strength degraded or destroyed weapon systems known captured, wounded, or killed personnel BLUF: the results of attack on targets designated by CO. |
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what is the purpose of BDA? |
snapshots of effects on enemy estimates enemy effectiveness, capabilities, and intentions helps determine if re-attack criteria is warranted |
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what are the components of BDA? |
physical-quantitative extent of physical damage functional-effect of attack on target to perform its intended mission compared with op objective established against the target target system assessment-broad assessment of overall impact and effectiveness of all types of attack against an entire target systems cpability |
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what products are continuously updates as a result of continuous assessments? |
HPTL, TSS, AGM, IPB, ISR plan |
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what does MEA & Re-attack provide? |
MEA assessment of the military force in terms of the weapon systems and munition effectiveness provides recommendation based on the effects of the utilized minutions and the employment thereof (correct weapon sys, desire effect, proper tactic of employment?) REATTACK RECS should address operational objective based on BDA and MEA |
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describe MOP |
criteria for measuring task performance or accomplishment are we doing things right? MOP is used by the CO to assess whether his directives were executed by sub units as intended or if the units were capable of completing the specified action
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describe MOE |
used to assess changes in system behavior, capability, or the OE are we doing the right things? measures the attainment of an end-state, objective, or effect indicates progress towards an effect/the avoidance of an undesired effect |
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the detect process determines _____, ______, and _____ _______ for collection systems? |
accurate, identifiable, and timely requirements |
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explain the difference between vetting and validating target nomination. |
vetting-assesses the accuracy of the supporting intelligence to targeting, do we have what we need to prosecute?
validating-ensure all vetted targets meet the objectives and criteria outlined in the commander's guidance and ensure compliance with the law of war and ruled of engagement. |
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the _______ function of the argeting process executes the target attack guidance and supports the commanders battle plan once the HPT has been located and identified. |
deliver |
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which two categories do target attack decision fall under? |
technical and tactical |
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what is the purpose of combat assessments? |
to determine the effectiveness of force employment during military operations |
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what are the three elements of combat assessment? |
BDA, MEA, and re attack recommendation |
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criteria for measuring task performance or accomplishments is? |
MOP |
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are we doing things right, is measure as? |
MOP |
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the army targeting process... |
supports the CO decision cycle determines which targets to acquire and track determines lethal or non lethal options determines what assets to use and when results in combat assessment requirments |
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the four principles of targeting that are imperative to follow throughout the targeting process are? |
targeting process focused on achieving the commanders objectives targeting is concerned with the creation of specific desire effects (lethal/nonlethal) targeting is a command function that requires participation of many disciplines targeting seeks to achieve effects through lethal and nonlethal action in a systematic manner |
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what are characteristics of COs guidance? |
must be simple, easily understood, focused on enemy capabilities and functions, and tailored towards effects |
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what is the most difficult function of targeting? |
assess |
