Th 210 Midterm #1 Third Set

Front 1

plautus

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roman playwriter who would often set his plays in Greece in order to avoid roman criticism

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role of slaves in comedy

Back 2

slaves account for twice as many monologues as any other character in Plautus' work

slaves are often used to advance the play by providing a perspectives that others do not have

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liturgy

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worship of the gods

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Papal edict of 1210

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forbidding clergy from appearing on stage. As a result plays moved outdoors

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vernacular

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the language or dialect spoken by the ordinary people in a particular country or region.

Front 6

the tub

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the domestic drama of Noah

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Hrotsvitha of Gandersheim

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woman who wrote primarily about women who suffered for their faith (post antiquity or roman-greek era)

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sleep no more

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adapts the story of Macbeth, deprived of all spoken dialogue and set primarily in a dimly-lit, 1930s-era establishment called the "McKittrick Hotel": the website of which claims it has been recently "restored" but is actually a block of warehouses in Manhattan, transformed into a hotel-like performance space. Sleep No More's presentational form is considered promenade theatre, in which the audience walks at their own pace through a variety of theatrically designed rooms, as well as environmental theatre, in which the physical location, rather than being a traditional playhouse, is an imitation of the actual setting.

Front 9

pompey

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first permanent theatre in rome/place Julius caesar was assassinated

Front 10

The O groans

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Hamlet’s last dying words “ the rest is silence. O. o. o. o.” - the o’s were cut out by editors because it was seen as an actor wanting to milk his last words. It was replaced with a sigh

Front 11

quartos

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the many different versions of Shakespears play hamlet

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Ur-Hamlet

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the play that is believed to be Shakespeare's inspiration for Hamlet

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blank verse (common today)

Back 13

verse without rhyme, especially that which uses iambic pentameter.

Front 14

Saxo Grammaticus

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author of the full history of denmark

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Histrio

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a mime in roman theatre

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Oedipus themes

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fate and free will, wisdom and knowledge, determination

Front 17

Oedipus characters Jocasta

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oedipus' mom and wife

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Oedipus characters creon

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oedupis' brother in law, is a dick, banishes Oedipus

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Oedipus characters Antigone

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Oedipus' daughter and sister, takes care of him before he is banished

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Oedipus characters Tiresias

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blind fortune teller of thebes who tells oedipus that the murderer he searches for is himself

Front 21

true west themes

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The curse of family history, The Old West vs. the New West (Chaos of the old west wins), Art as a Business vs. Art as an Ideal (art has become another commodity) , The Fallibility of the American Dream (money shouldn't rule everything)

Front 22

true west characters Austin

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Austin - A squeaky clean Ivy League graduate who works as a screenwriter. Austin has a wife and children in Northern California, but is working at his mother's house in Southern California while she is away in Alaska. By all accounts he is a success

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true west characters Lee

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Austin's brother. Lee is a beer-swilling desert rat and petty thief who has come to their mother's house to loot the neighbors of household appliances. He is the exact opposite of his brother in looks, sensibility, and degree of success.

Front 24

true west characters Saul Kimmer

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A slick Hollywood producer. While Shepard's characterization of Saul could easily have descended into parody, Saul remains real all the way through the play. He is as sincere as anyone who is motivated only by profit can be.

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true west characters mom

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An absurdist vision of a powerless mother. Mom thinks Picasso is coming to town and quietly asks Austin not to kill Lee.

Front 26

Fences characters troy maxson

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The protagonist of Fences, a fifty-three year-old, African American man who works for the sanitation department, lifting garbage into trucks. Troy is also a former baseball star in the Negro Leagues. Troy's athletic ability diminished before the Major Leagues accepted blacks. Hard-working, strong and prone to telling compelling, fanciful stories and twisting the truth, Troy is the family breadwinner and plays the dominant role in his over thirty-year friendship with fellow sanitation worker, Jim Bono. Troy's character is the centerpiece that all of the other relationships in Fences gather around. Troy is husband to Rose, father to Lyons, Cory, and Raynell, and brother to Gabriel. Troy is a tragic-hero who has excessive pride for his breadwinning role. Troy's years of hard-work for only meager progress depress him. Troy often fails to provide the love and support that would mean the most to his loved ones.

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Fences characters cory maxson

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The teenage son of Troy and Rose Maxson. A senior in high school, Cory gets good grades and college recruiters are coming to see him play football. Cory is a respectful son, compassionate nephew to his disabled Uncle Gabriel, and generally, a giving and enthusiastic person. An ambitious young man who has the talent and determination to realize his dreams, Cory comes of age during the course of the play when he challenges and confronts Troy and leaves home. Cory comes home from the Marines in the final scene of the play, attempting to defy Troy by refusing to go to his funeral, but Cory changes his mind after sharing memories of his father with Rose and Raynell.

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Fences characters rose

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Troy's wife and mother of his second child, Cory. Rose is a forty-three year-old African American housewife who volunteers at her church regularly and loves her family. Rose's request that Troy and Cory build a fence in their small, dirt backyard comes to represent her desire to keep her loved-ones close to her love. Unlike Troy, Rose is a realist, not a romantic longing for the by- gone days of yore. She has high hopes for her son, Cory and sides with him in his wish to play football. Rose's acceptance of Troy's illegitimate daughter, Raynell, as her own child, exemplifies her compassion.

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Fences characters Jim Bono

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Troy's best friend of over thirty years. Jim Bono is usually called "Bono" or "Mr. Bono" by the characters in Fences. Bono and Troy met in jail, where Troy learned to play baseball. Troy is a role model to Bono. Bono is the only character in Fences who remembers, first-hand, Troy's glory days of hitting homeruns in the Negro Leagues. Less controversial than Troy, Bono admires Troy's leadership and responsibility at work. Bono spends every Friday after work drinking beers and telling stories with Troy in the Maxson family's backyard. He is married to a woman named Lucille, who is friends with Rose. Bono is a devoted husband and friend. Bono's concern for Troy's marriage takes precedent over his loyalty to their friendship.

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fences characters lyons maxson

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Troy's son, fathered before Troy's time in jail with a woman Troy met before Troy became a baseball player and before he met Rose. Lyons is an ambitious and talented jazz musician. He grew up without Troy for much of his childhood because Troy was in prison. Lyons, like most musicians, has a hard time making a living. For income, Lyons mostly depends on his girlfriend, Bonnie whom we never see on stage. Lyons does not live with Troy, Rose and Cory, but comes by the Maxson house frequently on Troy's payday to ask for money. Lyons, like Rose, plays the numbers, or local lottery. Their activity in the numbers game represents Rose and Lyons' belief in gambling for a better future. Lyons' jazz playing appears to Troy as an unconventional and foolish occupation. Troy calls jazz, "Chinese music," because he perceives the music as foreign and impractical. Lyons' humanity and belief in himself garners respect from others.

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Fences characters Raynell

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Troy's illegitimate child, mothered by Alberta, his lover. August Wilson introduces Raynell to the play as an infant. Her innocent need for care and support convinces Rose to take Troy back into the house. Later, Raynell plants seeds in the once barren dirt yard. Raynell is the only Maxson child that will live with few scars from Troy and is emblematic of new hope for the future and the positive values parents and older generations pass on to their young.

Front 32

Hamlet themes

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impossibility of certainty (ghosts, hamlet's indecision), death

Front 33

hamlet characters hamlet

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The Prince of Denmark, the title character, and the protagonist. About thirty years old at the start of the play, Hamlet is the son of Queen Gertrude and the late King Hamlet, and the nephew of the present king, Claudius. Hamlet is melancholy, bitter, and cynical, full of hatred for his uncle’s scheming and disgust for his mother’s sexuality. A reflective and thoughtful young man who has studied at the University of Wittenberg, Hamlet is often indecisive and hesitant, but at other times prone to rash and impulsive acts.

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hamlet characters claudius

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The King of Denmark, Hamlet’s uncle, and the play’s antagonist. The villain of the play, Claudius is a calculating, ambitious politician, driven by his sexual appetites and his lust for power, but he occasionally shows signs of guilt and human feeling—his love for Gertrude, for instance, seems sincere.

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hamlet characters gertrude

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The Queen of Denmark, Hamlet’s mother, recently married to Claudius. Gertrude loves Hamlet deeply, but she is a shallow, weak woman who seeks affection and status more urgently than moral rectitude or truth.

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hamlet characters Polonius

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The Lord Chamberlain of Claudius’s court, a pompous, conniving old man. Polonius is the father of Laertes and Ophelia.

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hamlet characters Horatio

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Hamlet’s close friend, who studied with the prince at the university in Wittenberg. Horatio is loyal and helpful to Hamlet throughout the play. After Hamlet’s death, Horatio remains alive to tell Hamlet’s story.

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hamlet characters Ophelia

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Polonius’s daughter, a beautiful young woman with whom Hamlet has been in love. Ophelia is a sweet and innocent young girl, who obeys her father and her brother, Laertes. Dependent on men to tell her how to behave, she gives in to Polonius’s schemes to spy on Hamlet. Even in her lapse into madness and death, she remains maidenly, singing songs about flowers and finally drowning in the river amid the flower garlands she had gathered.

Front 39

broadway

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Theaters in midtown Manhattan at least 500 people, qualify for the tony awards

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broadway demographics

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Both look at democraphics (2014), 68% females, 80% white 44 years old. Household income over 200,000$. Gross revenue for Musicals: 1 bllion$ for the first time

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commercial vs. nonprofit

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