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104 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Role of the Shaman
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Story teller
Often played many roles Like method acting Soetimes drugs are involved |
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Joseph Campbell
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"Follow your bliss"
Created the Trickster character |
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3 Types of Ritual
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Pleasure (food,shelter, sex)
Power (concue anad consume) Duty (to God or to Tribe) |
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What makes rituals unique?
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The Language is proformative: It doesn't sound like regular speak
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5 Functions of ritual?
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To convie knowledge
Didactic:Greek for "to teach" To influence or control events To Glorify To entertain and give pleasure |
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508 B.C.E
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Democracy Formed in Greece
Theatre is born |
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534 B.C.E
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First Play is performed
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Thespis
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Wrote the first playwright
He played all the roles, choreographed it, and wrote the music |
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Cothurnus
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Platform boot worn by the actor
The taller the boot the more important the actor |
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Cult of dionysus
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Greek God of fertility, wine, and pleasure
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Mimesis
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Aristotle's word for an imitation of an action
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Function of representation
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Nature mimics itself (reproduces) so humans must mimic each other for a purpose
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Hamartia
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The tragic or fatal flaw
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Hubris
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Undue Pride (excessive Pride)
Ex: Dick Nixon |
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Anagnorisis
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A recognition
Found in complex plays |
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peripeteia
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A change of fortune play
Found in simple plays |
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Why do humans make art?
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Aristotle's question
Because we need to mimic each other and reproduce actions |
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Didactic/Didaskalos
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Playwright
writer = teacher |
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Plato versus Aristotle
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Plato: All humans see something diff. when they look at something so how can anything be real
Aristotle: We must mimic and recreate each others actions |
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Theatron
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Greek word for theatre, meaning the seeing place
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Parts of the Greek Stage
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The Skene
The Orchestra The eccyclema The parados Deus en machina |
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Periaktoi
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Triangle shaped thing used to set scenes.
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Skene
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Tent
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Orchestra
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the Dancing place
Nobility Sat next to the Orchestra |
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Eccyclema
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Wheeling machine (like a crain)
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Parados
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Isle exits
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Katharsis
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To change, to purge, to clearify
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Aristotelian 6 elements of Drama
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1. plot (mythos)
2. Character 3. Thought: ideas w/in context of ideas of character 4. diction (language) 5. music 6. spectacle (Dance) |
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The Unities
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1. Place (single)
2. time (24 hrs) 3. action (no digression) |
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Simple VS Complex Theatre
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Aristotle's two types of drama:
Simple: Peripeteia-a change of fortune play Complex:also has a peripeteia but also a anagnorisis-recognition |
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Plato's Cave
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See image
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Point of Attack
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A common device of Greek plays
Where the story begins |
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Dues ex machina
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God in the machine (man at the top of the eccyclema in costume playing a God
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Theatrical conventions
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A system of techniques whose meaning is agreed upon by audiences
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Presentational
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No 4th Wall (playing to the audience)
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Representational
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Playing for the audience
More Realistic |
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"Wiling suspension of Disbelief"
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By Coleridge in 1817
Quid Pro Quo: This for That Audience acts entertained while the actors act like there is no audience there |
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27 B.C.E
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Roman Drama spreads throughout Europe
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Auditorium
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Roman word for Theatre meaning "the hearing place"
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Venus
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Pagan goddess of Love, beauty, and prostitution
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Audiences (diff. in periods)
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Greek: women could not attend
Roman: women and poor sat at the top, all pagan Medieval: People moved out of cities to farm, Pegan fesitvals converted to Christian |
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Gladiators/Gladiatrix
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Slaves that are offered up by their owner to fight
Gladiatrix: Women who fought outside the arena to unusual enemies |
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Edict of Milan
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Legalization of Christianity
313 AD Theatre Offends church officials |
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Constantine
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Made the Edict of Milan
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Naumachia
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Naval Battles
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Venatoria
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Wild Beast fighters
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Circus Maximus
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60,000 -- 100,000 seats
Chariot Races Fights Circus Games |
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Medieval Drama
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Christian Era Begins
The Holly Roman empire begins |
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Early Period/Middle/late
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Early: 476-1000AD
Classical Period of Greek and Roman theatre Dark Ages -- Christianities failure to embrace humanism Middle: 900-1350 AD Theatre kicked out of churches and taken to the streets Late:1350-1575 AD Comic vernacular plays done by non-clergy |
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Everyman
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Most famous Morality play
Everyman is summond to death and no one will go with him because he never gave anything to anyone he only took |
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Cycle Plays
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Separate biblical stories that are all interconnected
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Feast of fools
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Retained during the Medieval times
Festival of the lowely people |
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Mansions
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Stages or little theatres
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Mystery of the Passion
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Stations of the Cross
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Pope Innocent III
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Most powerful pope in history
Issued the Papal Edicts |
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Papal Edicts
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in 1210 AD
Forbid Clergy from appearing on stage |
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Pageants
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Stages that were portible
Wagons |
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Craft Guilds
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Like Modern Day Unions
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Second Shepad's Play
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Comedy of people who steel a sheep then desguis it as a boy to hide it from his owners and are caught trying to do so
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Oberammergau
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Town in Germany where a vey famous passion play is performed
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Elements of Comdey
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Songs
Slapstick Low Humor Domestic Themes |
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Functions and methods of Comedy
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Ecstasis: "take you out of yourself", reduce tension, maintenance of social order
Methods: Obscene songs, strange costumes, horse play, chaotic movements |
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Motifs of Comedy
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Beatings
Thefts Secual misconduct Gossip Braggarts Stupididty |
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Freud on Comedy
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Freud Believes comedy is a relief, meaning:
Humor is rebellious A weapon of defense Connects the Audience and Performer Relieves stress and Tenssion |
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Fourth Wall
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a pretend wall between the actors an the audience that aids in the realism of the performance
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Lorraine Hansberry
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First black playwrighter
Inspiration To Wilson |
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Langston Hughes
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Inspiration to Wilson (the writer of Fences)
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Amiri Baraka
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Inspiration to Wilson
Real name Leroi Jones Wrote "the Dutchman" |
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Arthur Miller
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Playwright for "Death of a salesman"
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Functions of Comedy (3 Theories)
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Superiority (Plato/Aristotle): We laugh at the misfortunes of others to make us feel better about ourselves
Incongruity (Kant): the discovery of something illogical or nonsensical Relief (Freud): humor is rebellion and a weapon of defense towards stress/tenssion |
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Aristophones
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Father of Comedy
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Methods of Comedy
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Oscene Songs
Strange Costumes Horseplay Chaotic Movements |
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Objective versus Subjective
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Objective:Factual
Subjective: Opinion, Judgment |
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Humanism
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Science Reassurting itself
The power behind the Renaissance Supports arts in education Supports Free will vs Determinism by God |
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The age of discovery
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Invention of the Carrack(ship)
Columbus Sailed the ocean blue in 1492 Expaton f taste for tales of adventure |
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Petrarch
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Father of Humanism
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geocentrism
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Model of the solar system where everything revolves around the earth
Created by Ptolemy's |
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Queen Elizabeth
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Ruled from 1564-1616
She Bans Religious Subjects in Theatre |
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1574
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First Royal Patent
Need a patent to be a real legit theatre Had to follow her rules when you got one This created a need for new plays |
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Inn Yards
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Middle of an apartment complex where entertainment occured
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1564-1616
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William Shakespearse life time
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The Globe
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Theatre built for lord chamberlain's men
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Lord Chamberlain's Men
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shakespeares actors
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RichardBurbage
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Actor/Producer that built the Globe
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The Pit
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Standing room for poor people right in front of the stage
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groundlings
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Poor people who stood in the pit
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the heavens
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Where the roof comes over the stage usually painted like the heavens
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forestage
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The part of the stage infront of the closed curtain
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thrust
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Type of stage that looks like a peninsula into the crowd
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Characteristic of Elizabethan plays
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Late point of attack
Several Lines of action (subplots) Large # and variety of incidents (mixing of tears and laughter) time and space used freely Large range and # of characters (rich and poor) Varied Language (elegant, witty, prosaic) |
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flag
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Advertisment of what play was being performed
Black=tragedy White=comedy Red=history |
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Boy's Companies
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Groups of boys sold by their families to the theatre to be used as women in plays
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Dumb Show
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A brief summary of the plays plot that is acted out
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Dramatic Irony-Examples form Hamlet
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Information known by the audience but not the characters on stage
Hamlet doesn't know everyone is ploting to kill him but the audience does |
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Post-modernism
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Raising questions and expecting the audience to come to their own conclusions
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Scherzo
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Italian for joke
A musical piece of something larger like a symphony |
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Double Casting
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splittig the performance of one character amoungs two actors
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Comedy Functions
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Ecstasis: "Take you out of yourself"
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Synthetic Fragment
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Mullers attempt to destroy worship of play text
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Lysistrata
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Play written by astrophanes
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Plato versus Campbell
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Plato: we laugh at others misfortunes
Campbell: Humor is a trickster character that represents chaos, disorder, and the breaking of rules |
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Baffoon/Satyr
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Baffoon: Mocks audience's primary impulss
Satyr: Lower realm humor about Gods |
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Lower Realm
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Belly
Anus Genitals Buttocks |