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84 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Applique |
A technique in which fabric shapes are cut out and sewn onto a larger cloth background. |
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Allowance |
An amount that is added to a measurement to give spare material for seams, turnings, hems or zips. |
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Batik |
A method of applying dye to fabrics, using wax as a resist. |
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Belt |
A strip of material, such as leather or plastic, worn around the waist. |
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Bleach |
Used to remove colour from a substance, such as textiles or paper, usually by chemical means |
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Blend |
A mixture of different fibres. These are usually spun together before being woven or knitted into fabric. |
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Block-printing |
A process where patterned blocks are repeatedly dipped in paint or dye and pressed into fabric or paper to make a larger pattern. |
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Bonded fibre |
A process where the fibres are not woven but held together by heat or adhesives. |
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Buckle |
A device used to join two ends of a belt |
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CAD |
Computer Aided Design |
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Cellular material |
These materials have honeycomb structures designed to trap air. They include textiles, foams and sponges. |
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Collage |
An artform in which pieces of material, such as paper, fabric or photographs are cut out and fixed to a backing. |
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Colourfast |
A textile is decribed as this if it does not fade when it is washed or exposed to light. |
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Colourway |
The combination of colours used in any colour design |
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Colourwheel |
A diagram showing the relationship of colours to each other. |
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Crease-resistant |
Type of fabric that has been treated so that fold-lines caused by packing or crushing fall out easily. |
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Curved seam |
A seam that is not straight; it may not lie flat without special attention to its edges. |
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Cut on the bias |
To cut an angle in the fabric to warp usually 45*- to allow it to stretch. |
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Denier |
A unit of weight that describes the thickness of a yarn such as silk, rayon or nylon. |
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Dry Cleaning |
A method of cleaning fabrics in which solvents are used instead of water to remove dirt from textiles. |
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Dye |
You use this to change a materials colour by soaking it in a coloured solution. |
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Embroider |
To decorate a fabric with coloured thread or silk worked in various stitches or patterns. |
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Fibre |
A hair like substance that can be spun and woven together into fabric. |
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Filament |
A very thin continuous, natural or synthetic fibre. |
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Flame-retardant |
A type of material that has been treated so that it does not easily catch fire, but if it does it will burn slowly. |
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Flammability test |
This process shows how easily materials can catch on fire and burn. |
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Flat seam |
Two pieces of fabric that have been sewn together with the seam allowance opened and pressed flat. |
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Form |
A life-sized dummy used in making clothes, to ensure a good fir, and for displaying finished clothes. |
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Fray |
This happens to a fabric when its edges are worn by rubbing or continuous use. |
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Geotextiles |
Synthetic materials that are used in civil engineering, for example, to help stop soil erosion or to reinforce roads and banks. |
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Glove puppet |
This is a toy that fits over the hand, and the fingers operate its heads and arms. |
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Grain |
In textiles this follows the line of the long warp threads. |
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Haute couture |
This refers to exclusive fashion designed and made by our top designers or design houses (examples: Armani, Gucci, Vivian Westwood). |
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Hem |
This is formed by turning over the edge of a fabric and stitching it, to prevent it from fraying. |
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Insulation |
This protects objects and prevents them from getting too cold or too hot. |
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Interlining |
A fabric that is stitched or fused into clothes or soft furnishings to give shape, body or stiffness. |
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Iron |
An appliance with a flat metal bottom, used when heated, as by electricity, to press or smooth clothes, linens, etc. |
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Knitted |
This fabric is made by looping yarn together. |
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Knot |
This is formed with thread , cord or rope is looped around on itself and pulled tight. |
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Lay-planning |
A process of arranging patterns on fabric to achieve as little waste as possible, for the most economical use of the fabric. |
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Line |
This relates to a garments overall appearance. |
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Linen |
This is a natural fibre, from the flax plant, that ca be woven into fabric. |
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Lycra Reg. |
This is a synthetic, elastic fibre used in thin, stretchy fabric for tight-fitting garments. |
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Mesh |
An open fabric, with regular spaces, woven from textiles or wire. |
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Neoprene Reg. |
A synthetic rubber, a plastic material. |
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Non-woven |
These fabrics are produced by gluing or fusing fibres with heat, instead of weaving or knitting. |
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Nylon |
A thermoplastic that is spun into fibres and can be made into various fabrics. |
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Overlocked seam |
This is a seam that has been produced using a special stitch that is |
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Patchwork |
This is produced by sewing pieces of different fabrics together in a pleasing design. |
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Performance textiles |
These are smart materials which have special properties such as breathability, wind-proofing or moisture control. |
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Plant fibre |
These come from plants such as cotton and flax. |
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Polartec Reg. |
This is a synthetic fabric made from polyester and is used for making fleeces and other specialised clothing. |
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Press |
To use an iron to remove creases from textiles. |
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Puff paint |
This expands when sprayed onto a textile, to make a decorative effect. |
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Puppet |
A small movable toy that can be fitted on the hand, or controlled by strings. |
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Resist |
This stops dyes or paints from soaking into textiles. |
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Sample |
A small part of a food material or product used for testing. |
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Seam |
A row of stitches joining two pieces of fabric. |
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Sew |
To join pieces of fabric with stitches, by hand or by machine. |
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Sewing machine |
Any of various foot-operated or electric machines for sewing or making stitches, ranging from machines with a shuttle for a spool of thread and a needle for sewing garments to industrial machines for sewing leather, book pages together, etc. |
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Silk |
A fine fibre or fabric. The fibres come from silkworm cocoons. |
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Smart fabrics |
Interactive textiles that react to changes, for example, in light or temperature automatically. |
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Stain-resistant |
This material is one that has been treated so that it will absorb marks. |
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Staple |
Short and long fibres are sometimes described as short and long _____. |
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Starch |
You use this to stiffen textiles. |
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Stitch length |
The length of a stitch. |
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Stitch width |
The width of a stitch and is a setting on a sewing machine. |
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Straight stitch |
These are single-spaced stitches which lie flat on the surface of the fabric. |
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Tease |
To separate the fibres of a thread or textile. |
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Tension |
A measure of how tightly stitches are pulled in sewing or knitting. |
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Textile |
A general name given to any fabric, whether knitted or woven. |
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Thermochromic dyes |
These change colour when heated; the process reverses when the heat source is removed (very popular during the 90's on geo-t-shirts). |
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Tie-die |
When textiles are knotted to prevent the dye from soaking into certain parts of the fabric. |
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Tjanting |
This tool is a heated pen, with a container for melted wax, used for batik. |
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Warp |
This refers to the thread running along the length of the fabric. |
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Washability |
A measure of how well a textile will react to washing. |
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Water resistance |
The level of ability a substance can prevent the absorption of water |
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Waterproof coating |
Applied to fabrics or buildings to prevent them from absorbing water. |
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Weave |
To produce fabric or a textile material by interlinking threads. |
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Weft |
The threads which go across a fabrics width. |
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Woven |
A material made by linking threads or strips of material together into a fabric. |
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Yarn |
A thread made from twisted fibres and used for weaving, knitting, sewing and embriodery. |
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Zigzag stitch |
A wide stitch produced in a sewing machine on which the needle moves from side to side. |
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Zip |
A metal or plastic devise for closing openings in clothes and other textiles such as bags. |