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11 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Cotton
- cellulose
- from the cotton plant
- kidney or bean shape structure
- burns rapidly
- high wet strength
- high absorption
- dries slowly
- poor elasticity therefore creases easily
- lower insulator
- good durability
Flax
- cellulose
- from the flax plant
- irregular polygon structure
- burns rapidly
- poor insulator
- highly absorbent
- very low elasticity - creases easily
- good durability
Wool
- protein
- from sheep
- round structure with scales
- burns slowly
- large amount of trapped air due to the scales therefore a good insulator
- water is absorbed slowly due to the hydrophobic nature of the fibres
- dries slowly
- not very durable
- not creased easily
Silk
(degummed)
- protein
- from silk worms
- rounded triangle structure
- burns slowly
- cooling effect on the skin
- can provide good insulation as there is a layer of air trapped between the fabric and the skin
- good resilience - does not crease easily
Viscose and Modal
- regenerated cellulose
- extracted from wood
- structure depends on spinning conditions
- burns rapidly
- low wet strength
- very absorbent
- modal has a higher wet strength than viscose
- easily wrinkle
- easily dyed
Lyocell
- cellulose
- derived from wood
- structure made of fibrils
- good wet and dry strength
- low elasticity
Acetate and Cupro
- cellulose
- structure depends on spinning conditions
- acetate melts when burned
- cupro burns rapidly
- cupro is good at absorbing
- acetate has a low absorbency
Nylon
- polyamide
- made by polymerisation
- structure depends on spinneret
- shrinks and melts when burned
- insulation properties depend on whether the fibre is produced as flat filament, textured filament or staple yarn.
- low absorption
- very strong
- wrinkle-resistant
Polyester
- poly (ethyleneterephthalate)
- made by condensation polymerisation
- structure depends on spinneret
- shrinks and melts when burned
- hardly absorbs water
- flame resistant
- highly durable
Acrylic
- polyacrylonitrile
- made by polymerisation
- structure depends on spinning conditions
- shrinks and melts when burned
- wrinkle resistant
- good insulation
- similar to wool in character
Elastane
- polyeurethane
- fibrillar
- shrinks and melts when burned
- high elastic recovery
- made only as filament yarns
- wrinkle-resistant