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125 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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First Texas Governor to be impeached
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James Ferguson
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First woman governor of Texas
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'Ma' Ferguson
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Most decorated soldier of WWII from Texas
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Audie Murphy
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Texan who became president of the U.S. on November 22, 1963
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Lyndon B. Johnson
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Year of the Great Galveston Storm
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1900
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Major agricultural cash crop of Texas in 1900
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Cotton
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First African American elected to Congress from Texas
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Barbara Jordan in 1973
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First Tejano elected to Congress
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Henry Gonzales
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Worst industrial disaster in the Texas/US
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The Texas City Disaster. Two ships caught fire and blew up as well as a refinery. 500 or so killed.
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Worst natural disaster in the Texas/US--
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Galveston Hurricane. 6k-8k deaths on the island alone.
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Kay Bailey Hutchinson
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One of Texas' current senators. First Texan woman to senate
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John Nance Garner
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First Texan elected VP of the United States in 1932
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The couple that served several terms as governor and played a major role in state politics from 1914-1935 was the Fergusons
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yay
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From the beginning of the 20th century until the present time as a percentage of the population and in whole numbers, the Hispanic population of Texas surged and most Texans lived in urban areas.
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yay
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Names of the rivers that help form the boundaries of Texas
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Red River, Sabine River, Rio Grande River
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The six countries of which Texas has once been a part
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France, Spain, Mexico, Republic of Texas, United States, Confederate States
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Meaning of the name “Texas”
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Friendship
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Which Indians had a matrilineal society
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Caddo and Wichita
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Name of the first Spanish mission in Texas
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Francisco de los Tejas
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First capital of Spanish Texas
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Los Adaes
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Adams-Onis Treaty
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Settled the dispute of the Louisiana border
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Main reason the Spanish decided to colonize Texas
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French Threat
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The legacy of Spain in Texas
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Mostly the legal system, but also architecture, language, names of places and things
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Three major settlements in Spanish Texas in1800
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Goliad, Bexar, Nacogdoches
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The significance of La Salle
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Found a route from the north to the gulf of Mexico through river. Got all the land surrounding hte mississippi for France
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Sor Maria de Jesus de Agreda
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Lady in Blue. Had visions where the taught indians about God. First mission in Texas established because of her
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Why did Spain/Mexico decide to allow Anglo-Americans to settle in Texas
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As a buffer from the Indians and also a way to populate east texas
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Significance of Cabeza da Vaca
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First recorded surgury in Texas. Got shipwrecked and found by indians. Lived with them for quite some time while eventually writing about it
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What was the basic underlying cause of the Texas Revolution
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The election of 1860 when Lincoln became president.
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Father of Texas
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Stephen F. Austin
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Mother of Texas
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Jane Long
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The largest of the four natural regions in Texas
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Central Lowlands
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Texas Indians with the least advanced culture or lifestyle –
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Coahuilican
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Lords of the Plains
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Comanche of Kiowa
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Indians that practiced ritualistic cannibalism
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Karankawas
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Results and significance of the La Salle expedition
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FOund route to gulf. Got land for France
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Convention at Washington-on-the-Brazos
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Declared Texas a Republic and independent from Mexico
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Constitution of 1836
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Republic of TExas first constitution. State it was seperate from Mexico
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Santa Anna
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President and general of the Mexican forces during the Texas battle for independence.
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Siege of the Alamo
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WHen few Texans stood against thousands of mexicans. They eventually fell to the Mexicans and lost the Alamo. It became a significant figure for Texans to look towarrd
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Battle of San Jacinto
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Where Texas defeated the Mexican army and officially won its independence
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Name of the battle in which Sam Houston defeated Santa Anna
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Battle of San jacinto
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Where did TX declare independence from Mexico
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Washington-on-the-Brazos
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When traveling east to west across Texas what changes in the geography and climate might a traveler encounter?
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Hilly and woody to dry flat to dry desert mountains
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First elected president of the Republic of Texas
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Sam Houston
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Name of the “Father of Texas Education
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Mirabeau B. Lamar
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Cynthia Ann Parker
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Capture by indians when she was 13. Stayed with them for quite some time. Was saved when she was 30 and taken home. She had married and had kids with indians and was heart broken, she died soon after.
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Largest immigrant group that came to Texas before the Civil War
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Germans
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Why Houston did not run for president in 1838
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Could not run for consecutive terms
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The major port of Texas before the Civil War
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Galveston
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Why did the United States annex Texas in 1845 `
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Britain was trying to keep texas from joining the US and stopping the US expansion westward. The US saw this and took up TExas
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What were the terms of the joint resolution—terms of annexation
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A resolution that Texas would be annexxed if they voted and agreed by january 1st 1946. All of texas' land would stay with Texas and it could split into four additional states if need be.
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First Governor of the state of Texas
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James Pickney Henderson
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Mexican War--War with Mexico—causes of—Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
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dispute over the nueces strip. The treaty solved the issue and defined the texas border and that it was part of the United States.
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When did Mexico officially recognize Texas independence
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Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1850
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Reasons for Texas/New Mexico Boundary Controversy--Compromise of 1850
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Texas wanted Santa Fe, Santa fe did not want texas. Texas dropped all claims to New Mexico in the Compromise.
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Reasons for problems with Cherokee--Battle of the Neches—results
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Lamar wanted to remove the Cherokee from Texas
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Council House Fight—reason for—results
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Meeting in which the Cherokee wanted their lands to be recognized. It ended with bloodshed and the end of peace talks.
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Linnville Raid—reason for—results
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In response to the council House Fight, the comanche sacked and burned linnville.
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Mary Maverick
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Wrote about the daily life in San Antonio during the Republic of Texas and the civil war. Witnessed Matilda Lockharts return
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Matilda Lockhart
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Tortured by teh Comanche for two years. Told about 13 others held by the comanche and the comanches plan for the prisoners.
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1st two Senators from Texas
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Sam Houston, Thomas Rusk
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Archives War
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A dispute where Houston tried to move the Texas archives from Austin to Houston.
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Angelina Eberly
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Found people moving the archives in Texas, alarmed people so that they could stop the moving of the archives
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Common School Law of 1854
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Established the first public schools in Texas
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The major, most persistant problem of the Republic of Texas in the 1830’s and 40’s
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Money and threat of mexican attack
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Most important crop in antebellum TX
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cotton
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Percent of TX families owning slaves
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unkown
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Slaves were what percent of TX population in 1860
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25%
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Texas Troubles—Summer of the Great Fear
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Fires started in teh north east thought to be started by Unionists
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What incident convinced most Texans that secession was necessary
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THe election of 1860 of lincoln
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What percentage of TX voters approved secession in 1861
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3 to 1 vote to seceed
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Which Texans opposed secession
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the ones living in the german immigrant areas
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In the Civil War most major battles were fought outside of Texas
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yay
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Why was Houston removed as governor
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He refused to take the oath to the confederates
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Texas’ main contribution to the Confederate war effort
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Men
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What was the result of the attempts of the Union to invade TX
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All were unsuccessfull
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Battle of Sabine Pass
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A battle in which 36 confederates repelled 5000 unionists from entering Texas across the river.
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Battle of Mansfield
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Confederate troops took out a uion group that was advancing toward the red river. This attack stopped the union advance toward texas
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Battle of Palmito Ranch
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The last battle of the Civil war was a confederate victory. The leader of the confederates was Rip Ford. However the general of the confederates had already surrendered so it did not matter.
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Dick Dowling
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Commander at the battle of Sabine pass
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Albert Sidney Johnston
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FOught in the Texas army, US army, and confederate armu.
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Rip Ford
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Commander at the battle of Palmitto Ranch
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The military setback that most upset Texans during the Civil War
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The union control of Galveston
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John H. Reagan
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Highest ranking officer from texas during the civil war. Post master General
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Sullivan Ross
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Ranger that rescued Synthia Anne Parker. Became governor of Texas
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General Gordon Granger
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Read the emancipation proclemation in galveston
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When did slavery officially end in Texas
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on june 19th 1865 or when Granger read the proclemation
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TX Constitution of 1876—reasons for
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Response to the radical republican constitution of 1869
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Edmund J. Davis
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Terrible governor of Texas who abused his powers
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Freedmen’s bureau
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A government agency that was used to help freedmen in the south.
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Name of the legendary law enforcement agency of Texas
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The Rangers
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Jack Hays
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A captain of the rangers. His rangers were the first to use the revolver
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Samuel Walker
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Came up with the Walker revolver. A six shooter made by colt.
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Captain Bill McDonald
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One of the most talkative rangers, coined the phase one riot one ranger.
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Frank Hamer
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The ranger involved in tracking down and killing BOnnie and clyde
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John Armstrong
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Ranger involved in catching John Hardin, a notorious gunslinger.
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Leander McNelly
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Ranger known for leading the Special Force
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John B. Jones
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Ranger known for leading the Frontier Battalion
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Frontier Battalion
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Guarded teh frontier from Indian attack and lawlessness
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Special Force
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Dealt with lawlessness in the nueces strip
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James Ferguson—Miriam Amanda Ferguson—significance
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Became governor of Texas, was impeached and removed from office. He ran his wife, she won, and he ran the office from behind her.
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Ferguson Rangers--1935—Department of Public Safety
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Meant nothing and led to an investigation. Legislature made the department of public safety which consisted of the rangers and the highway patrol. The rangers lost a lot of power.
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Cattle Trails—reason for—names of four main trails
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Because the railroads had not reached texas yet, cattle had to be driven to states that had railroads. The four trails were the Goodnight lovely, Chisholm, Western, and Sedalia
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Characteristics of 20th century agriculture
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smaller, fewer, and more specialized farms
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Why, when, where the XIT Ranch was established
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in 1885 when texas gave 3 million acres to investors in teh panhandle to build a new capitol building in ausitn
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Texas Agricultural Experiment Station
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Experimented with crops and agriculture to benefit farmers.
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King Ranch—who, when, where, how big
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800k-900k acres in southern texas. Founded by Richard Kind who started buying up land in 1853. Bigger than state of rhode island
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Richard King
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Formed the King Ranch.
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Contributions of Robert Kleberg, Jr.
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married a king daughter and bred the first all american breed of cattle, the Santa Gertrudis Cattle
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Santa Gertrudis cattle
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First All american breed of cattle
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Texas Agricultural Extension Service
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Told farmers family how to better farm and preserve food.
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Cow Town
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A town for cattle drivers to relax and recouperate. Fort worth was Texas first cow town
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Spindletop—when, where, significance of
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Near Beaumont, Higgins found the first gusher in Texas. Largest at its time. Moved the oil industry from pennsylvania to TExas
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Dad Joiner
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Found the East Texas oil field of the Daisy Bradley OIl Field
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Joseph McCoy—contribution to ranching
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Established the idea of a cowtown and the cowtown abiline.
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East Texas Oil Field—significance of—when, where
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Founded by Dad Joiner, is in north eastern texas and the second biggest oil field in US outside of Alaska. Found in 1930
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Joseph Glidden
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Invented barbed wire
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Corsicana Oil Field
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oil field in Corsicana, first texan oil field to produce a large amount of oil.
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Mark Francis
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Cured teh Texas Tick Fever
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Big Inch
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A pipeline built from Texas to New York because germans subs in WWII were blowing up oil ships in teh gulf
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William Stalling
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First male agriculture agent in Texas
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Tidelands--Submerged Lands Act—provisions of
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Lands underwater of the coasts of states. Gave tidelands back to states and allowed oil drilling up to 10 1/2 miles away from land.
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Edna Trigg
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First female agriculture agent in Texas
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Patillo Higgins
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Found Spindletop oil
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