Testing Testing

Front 1

Assessment

Back 1

used to describe the evaluation of a condition

Front 2

Signalment

Back 2

a description of the animal with information about the animal , including the species, breed, age, and sexual status

Front 3

Vital signs

Back 3

parameters taken from the animal to assess its health

Temperature, Pulse, Respiration, blood pressure

Front 4

fever

Back 4

elevated body temperature

Front 5

Febrile

Back 5

the medical term for fever

Front 6

afebrile

Back 6

without a fever

Front 7

pyrexia

Back 7

fever

Front 8

hypothermia

Back 8

decrease in a body temperature

Front 9

Pulse, or pulse rate

Back 9

the number of times the heart beats per minute

vital sign

Front 10

Heart rate

Back 10

the number of times the heart contracts and relaxes per minute

HR

Front 11

Respiration

Back 11

the number of respirations per minute

RR

Front 12

Blood pressure

Back 12

vital sign

Front 13

Auscultation

Back 13

the act of listening

Front 14

Palpation

Back 14

examination by feeling

Front 15

Percussion

Back 15

examination by tapping the surface to determine density of a body area

Front 16

Speculum

Back 16

an instrument used to enlarge the opening of a canal or cavity

Front 17

Venipuncture

Back 17

withdrawing blood from a vein

Front 18

SOAP

Back 18

Subjective

Objective

Assessment

Plan

Front 19

Agglutination

Back 19

clumping together of cells or particles

Front 20

assay

Back 20

assessment or test to determine the number of organisms, cells, or amount of a chemical substance found in a sample

Front 21

Complete blood count

Back 21

diagnostic evaluation of blood to determine the number erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes per cubic millimeter of blood

CBC

Front 22

Differential

Back 22

diagnostic evaluation of the number of white blood cell types per cubic millimeter of blood

Front 23

Diluent

Back 23

liquid used to make a dilution

Front 24

hematocrit

Back 24

percentage of erythrocytes in blood; "to separate blood"

Front 25

Hemogram

Back 25

record of the findings in examination of blood especially with reference to the numbers, proportions, and morphology of the blood cells

Front 26

immunofluorescence

Back 26

method of tagging antibodies with a luminating dye to detect antigen-antibody complexes

Front 27

Leukogram

Back 27

numeric and descriptive data in the WBC distribution used to identify a pathologic process

Front 28

Profile

Back 28

group of laboratory tests performed on serum

Front 29

prothrombin time

Back 29

diagnostic evaluation of the number of seconds needed for thromboplastin to coagulate plasma

Front 30

radioimmunoassay

Back 30

laboratory technique in which a radioactively labeled substance is mixed with a blood specimen to determine the amount of a particular substance in the mixture

radioassay

Front 31

red cell count

Back 31

number of erythrocytes per cubic millimeter of blood

Front 32

serology

Back 32

laboratory study of serum and the reactions of antigens and antibodies

Front 33

white cell count

Back 33

number of leukocytes per cubic millimeter of blood

Front 34

refractometer

Back 34

instrument used to determine the deviation of light through objects

Front 35

Diagnosis

Back 35

the determination of the cause of disease

Front 36

Differential diagnosis

Back 36

the determination of possible causes of diseases; a list of possible causes of disease

Front 37

Prognosis

Back 37

The prediction of the outcome of disease

Front 38

Sign

Back 38

a characteristic of disease that can be observed by others

Front 39

Syndrome

Back 39

a set of signs that occur together

Front 40

Acute

Back 40

means having a short course with a sudden onset; implies severe

Front 41

Peracute

Back 41

having an excessively acute onset

Front 42

Chronic

Back 42

having a long course with a progressive onset; persisting for a long time

Front 43

Remission

Back 43

partial or complete disappearance of disease signs

Front 44

Endemic

Back 44

the ongoing presence of disease in a group

enzootic

Front 45

Epidemic

Back 45

the sudden and widespread outbreak of disease in a group

Epizootic

Front 46

Pandemic

Back 46

Disease outbreak occurring over a large geographic area

Panzootic

Front 47

Centrifuge

Back 47

a machine that spins samples very rapidly to separate elements based on weight

Front 48

Acid

Back 48

the property of low pH, or high number of hydrogen ions

Front 49

Alkaline

Back 49

the property of high pH, or low number of hydrogen ions

basic

Front 50

pathogen

Back 50

a microorganism that produces disease

Front 51

microorganisms

Back 51

living organism of microscopic dimensions

Front 52

virulence

Back 52

used to describe the ability of an organism to cause disease

Front 53

Disease

Back 53

deviation from normal

Front 54

Contagious disease

Back 54

disease that can be spread from one animal to another by direct or indirect contact

Communicable

Front 55

iatrogenic disease

Back 55

disorder cause by physicians or veterinarians

Front 56

idiopathic disease

Back 56

disorder of unknown cause

Front 57

infectious disease

Back 57

disorder caused by pathogenic organisms

Front 58

noncontagious

Back 58

disease that cannot be spread to another animal by contact or contact with a contaminated object

Front 59

noninfectious disease

Back 59

disorder not caused by organisms

Front 60

nosocomial infection

Back 60

disorder caused by pathogenic organisms contracted in a facility or clinic

Front 61

bacterium

Back 61

a microscopic, prokaryotic unicellular organism

Front 62

staphylococci

Back 62

grape-clusters of spherical bacteria

Front 63

coccus

Back 63

sphere

Front 64

streptococci

Back 64

spherical bacteria that form chains

Front 65

bacilli

Back 65

rod-shaped bacteria

Front 66

spirochetes

Back 66

spiral-shaped bacteria that are tightly coiled

Front 67

endospore

Back 67

a resistant, oval body formed in some bacteria

Front 68

rickettsia

Back 68

a small rod-shaped bacterium transmitted by lice, fleas, ticks, or mites

Front 69

Fungus

Back 69

a eukaryotic organism without chlorophyll

Front 70

eukaryote

Back 70

an organism with a membrane bound nucleus

Front 71

yeast

Back 71

a budding form of fungus

Front 72

mold

Back 72

a filamentous form of fungi

Front 73

parasite

Back 73

an organism that lives on or in another living organism

Front 74

virus

Back 74

a small organism that is not visualized via microscopy

Front 75

asymptomatic

Back 75

without signs of disease

Front 76

atraumatic

Back 76

pertaining to, resulting from, or caused by a noninjurious route

Front 77

carrier

Back 77

animal that harbor an infectious agent without displaying clinical signs and who may transmit the infectious agent to others

Front 78

clinical

Back 78

visible, readily observable, pertaining to treatment

Front 79

contract

Back 79

to catch a disease

Front 80

disease

Back 80

deviation from normal health

Front 81

epidemiology

Back 81

the study of relationships determining frequency and distribution of disease

Front 82

etiology

Back 82

the study of disease causes

Front 83

excessive

Back 83

more than normal

Front 84

focus

Back 84

localized region

Front 85

germ

Back 85

common term for any pathogenic microorganism, but especially bacterial and viral organisms

Front 86

incidence

Back 86

number of new cases of disease occurring during a given time

Front 87

Labile

Back 87

unstable

Front 88

lethal

Back 88

causing death

Front 89

morbid

Back 89

afflicted with disease

Front 90

morbidity

Back 90

ratio of diseased animals that die to diseased animals

Front 91

palliative

Back 91

able to relieve but not cure a condition

Front 92

phobia

Back 92

extreme fear

Front 93

prevalence

Back 93

number of cases of disease in a population at a certain time

Front 94

prophylaxis

Back 94

prevention

Front 95

sequela

Back 95

condition occurring as a consequence of another condition

Front 96

subclinical

Back 96

without showing signs of disease

Front 97

susceptible

Back 97

lacking resistance

Front 98

swollen

Back 98

enlarged by fluid retention

Front 99

transmissible

Back 99

ability to transfer from one animal to the next

Front 100

transmission

Back 100

transfer from one animal to the next

Front 101

traumatic

Back 101

pertaining to, resulting from, or causing injury

Front 102

zoonosis

Back 102

disease that can be transmitted between animals and humans

Front 103

Endoscopy

Back 103

visual examination of the interior of any cavity of the body by means of an endoscope

Front 104

trocar

Back 104

a sharp, needle like instrument that has a cannula that is used to puncture the wall of a body cavity to withdraw fluid of gas

Front 105

cannula

Back 105

a hollow tube

Front 106

Radiography

Back 106

the procedure in which film is exposed as ionizing radiation passes through the patient and shows the internal body structures in profile

Front 107

radiograph

Back 107

X-ray

Front 108

Radiopaque

Back 108

appearing white or light gray on a radiograph

Front 109

Radiolucent

Back 109

appearing black or dark gray on a radiograph

Front 110

Radiology

Back 110

the study of internal body structures after exposure to ionizing radiation

Front 111

Roentgen

Back 111

international unit of radiation

Front 112

rad

Back 112

a unit by which absorption of ionizing radiation is measured

Front 113

kVp

Back 113

kilovoltage peak; represents the strength of the X-ray beam

Front 114

MAS

Back 114

milliamperes per second; represents the number of X-ray beams

Front 115

Scout film

Back 115

a plain radiograph made without the use of a contrast medium

Front 116

Radiographic contrast medium

Back 116

a substance used to show structures on X-ray that are otherwise difficult to see

Front 117

Barium sulfate

Back 117

contrast material

Front 118

Lower GI

Barium enema

Back 118

a type of contrast radiograph used to visualize the structures of the lower gastrointestinal tract

Front 119

Upper GI

Barium swallow

Back 119

type of contrast radiograph used to visualize the structures of the upper gastrointestinal tract

Front 120

lymphangiography

Back 120

radiographic examination of the lymphatic vessels after injection of contrast material

Front 121

Projection

Back 121

the path of the X-ray beam

Front 122

Positioning

Back 122

the specific body position and the part of the body closest to the film

Front 123

Recumbency

Back 123

laying

Front 124

Anatomical position

Back 124

refers to the animal in its normal standing position

Front 125

Craniocaudal prjection

Back 125

X-ray beam passes from cranial to caudal

anteroposterior projection

A/P

Front 126

caudocranial projection

Back 126

X-ray beam passes from caudal to cranial

posteroanterior projection

P/A

Front 127

dorsoventral projection

Back 127

X-ray beam passed dorsally to ventrally

D/V

Front 128

Ventrodorsal projection

Back 128

X-ray beam passes ventrally to dorsally

V/D

Front 129

Lateral projection

Back 129

X-ray beam passes from side to side

Front 130

oblique projection

Back 130

X-ray beam passes through the body at an angle

Front 131

Computed tomography

Back 131

the procedure in which ionizing radiation with computer assistance passes through the patient and shows the internal body structures in cross-sectional views

CT scan

CAT scan

Front 132

Tomography

Back 132

a recording of the internal body structures at predetermined planes

Front 133

magnetic resonance imaging

Back 133

the procedure in which radio waves and a strong magnetic field pass through the patient and show the internal body structures in 3D views

Front 134

Fluoroscopy

Back 134

the procedure used to visually examine internal body structures in motion using radiation to project images on a fluorescent screen

Front 135

fluor/o

Back 135

luminous

Front 136

Luminous

Back 136

giving off soft light

Front 137

ultrasound

Back 137

the imaging of internal body structures by recording echoes of high-frequency waves

Front 138

Sonogram

Back 138

shows internal body structures by recording echoes of pulses of sound waves above the range of human hearing

Front 139

amplitude

Back 139

intensity of an ultrasound wave

Front 140

anechoic

Back 140

waves are transmitted to deeper tissue and none are reflected back

Front 141

attenuation

Back 141

loss of intensity of the ultrasound beam as it travels through tissue

Front 142

echoic

Back 142

ultrasound property of producing adequate levels of reflections when sound waves are returned to the transducer and displayed

Front 143

frequency

Back 143

number of cycles per unit of time

Front 144

hyperechoic

Back 144

tissue that reflects more sound back to the transducer than the surrounding tissues; appears bright

Front 145

hypoechoic

Back 145

tissue that reflects less sound back to the transducer than the surrounding tissue; appears dark

Front 146

isoechoic

Back 146

tissue that has the same ultrasonic appearance as that of the surrounding tissue

Front 147

resolution

Back 147

ability to separately identify different structures on the radiograph or ultrasound

Front 148

velocity

Back 148

speed at which something travels through an object

Front 149

wavelength

Back 149

length that a wave must travel in one cycle