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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the cephalocaudal principle? |
States that growth follows a pattern that begins with the head and upper body parts and then proceeds to the rest of the body. |
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What is a reflex? List a couple of reflexes babies are born with. |
Unlearned, organized, and involuntary responses that occur automatically. ?? |
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Object permanence |
Realization that objects exist, even when you cant see it |
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Infants are in which stage of cognitive development? Describe this stage |
The Sensorimotor Period •Birth to 2 years •Infants learn via the senses (hearing, seeing, tasting, touching, smelling). •Object Permanence |
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Assimilation |
Is when people understand an experience in terms of their current stage of cognitive development and way of thinking. •Ex-Sucking on every toy the same way, calling all animals dogs |
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Accommodation |
Is change in existing ways of thinking that occur in response to encounters with new stimuli or events. •Ex-understanding the difference between a dog and cat or a Pepsi and coke |
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Define attachment. What are the types of of attachment patterns described by Mary Ainsworth? What is social referencing? |
?? Types •Secure attachment •avoidant attachment •anxious-ambivalent attachment Social Refrencing- |
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Define temperament. List and describe the 3 basic profiles of temperament. What does the concept of "goodness of fit" mean? |
No temperament is inherently good or bad. Stages- • Easy • Difficult • Slow-to-warm up Goodness of fit-The degree of match between children's temperament and the demands of the environment in which they are being raised |
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Describe Piagets stage of cognitive development. Include in your discussion the concepts of centration and egocentrism. |
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Discuss Vygotskys view of cognitive development. What is the zone of proximal development? |
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Functional play |
Play that involves simple repetitive activities typical of three-year-olds |
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Constructive play |
Play in which children manipulate objects to produce or build something |
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Parallel play |
Action in which children play with similar toys in a similar manner but do not interact with each other |
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Onlooker play |
Action in which children simply watch others at play but do not actually participate themselves |
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Associative play |
Play in which two or more children actually interact with one another by sharing or borrowing toys or materials although they do not do the same thing |
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Cooperative play |
Play in which children generally interact with one another taking turns playing games or devising contest |
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Private speech |
Speech by children that is spoken and directed to themselves |
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Social speech |
Speech directed toward another person and meant to be understood by that person |
