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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Patient complaining of Acute pelvic pain, Vaginal bleeding, + HCG, Adnexal mass? Two possibilities?
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1. Ectopic Pregnancy
2. Intraperitoneal fluid |
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What are the four different ways that a placenta is graded? Describe all?
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1. Grade 0= Smooth chorionic plate, Normal texture.
2. Grade 1= Subtle indentations, homogeneous, shows some calcifications. 3. Grade 2= Mild to medium sized indentations in the chorionic, comma like densities, basal echoes. 4. Grade 3= Indentations in the chorionic plate that extend to the basal layer, may contain both highly echogenic and anechoic areas, irregular densities, lacunae. |
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In a pregnancy what structure is seen first?
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The yolk sac
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At which week do you first see a fetal heart beat? How big should the gestatianal sac be?
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1. 6th week
2. 4mm |
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When there is a retention of a dead fetus, when the fetus dies but is retained within the uterus, what has occurred?
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Missed abortion - usually before the 13th week
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At what range of weeks does the fusion of the amnion and chorion occur?
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12 to 16 weeks
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What are the four placental positions related to placenta previa?
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1. Low lying
2. Marginal 3. Partial 4. Complete or total |
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True or False? CRL is not considered an accurate measurement?
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FALSE
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Which line is closest to the sac?
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Decidua Capsularis
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What is the most common cause of vaginal bleeding, unplanned abortion(miscarriage) of the fetus and gestational sac before 23 weeks gestation?
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Spontaneous Abortion
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What are the two layers of the double sac sign?
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Decidua capsularis and Decidua parietalis(Vera)
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What is the difference between a fetal heart rate and a maternal heart rate?
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Fetal heart rate is twice as fast
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What is the amniotic fluid produced by?
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Fetal kidneys
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In the fetal heart, what alows blood to flow from right to left atrium? What happens to this after some time?
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Foramen Ovale, eventually it will close
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Cross-sectional anatomy of the fetal head should be defined at the varying levels, starting at the level of what? And name the structures going inferiorly?
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Lateral Ventricles. Thalamus, lateral ventricles, third ventricle, CSP, sylvian fissures, cerebral hemispheres, the vermis of the cerebellum, and the cisterna magna.
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What are two common sites for an ectopic pregnancy?
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Fallopian Tubes and abdomen
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20 year old female, severe pelvic pain, no LMP's, right side pain, what is not one of them?
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A. Ectopic pregnancy
B. Spontaneous Abortion C. Hytitadid Form Mole D. Fibroids |
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What hormone causes ovulation?
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LH
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What are the three layers of the Meninges? Which one is more vascularized?
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Dura Mater, Arachnoid Layer, Pia Mater. Pia Mater is the most vascular.
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Which hormone is secreted by a growing follicle that helps the endometrial layer to regenerate?
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Estrogen
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The zygote or cell mass repeatedly divides and eventually forms a cluster of? Resembles a berry?
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Morela
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What connects the third and fourth ventricle?
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Aquadect of sylvius
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Where does the fetus implant?
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Chorium frondosum
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The cephalic index should be between what two measurements?
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0.72 to 0.86
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What is the most acurate measurement for dating GA?
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CRL
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Lateral ventricles are divided into five regions, what are they?
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1. Frontal horns
2. Lateral bodies 3. Occippital horns 4. Temporal 5. Atria |
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Fetal heart activity should be detected by what week?
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6 week
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Hydatidiform mole causes everything except this?
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A. Bleeding
B. Vomiting C. Enlarged Uterine size for dates D. HCG titer is very high E. May develop a neoplasm F. Benign tumor |
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What is the common site for spinal defects?
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Lumbar
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A mass may be seen at the cord insertion site which is phisiological omphaloceles and herniates at what weeks?
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8 to 12 weeks
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T or F Methotrexate can treat an ectopic pregnancy?
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False- there is no treatment for it.
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Mean sac diameter, if more than 17mm and no fetal pole is seen what is the diagnosis?
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Blited Ovum
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34 year old female, pregnant, increased blood pressure, bleeding, and vomiting. This is a sign for?
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Hydatitid Form Mole
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To rule out an ectopic pregnancy, in an US diagnosis which two things should not be there?
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Gestational sac and adnexal mass
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How often should the fetal bladder empty?
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30 to 45 minutes
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The LS ratio determines what?
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Lung Maturaty
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What function does amniotic fluid have?
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Permits cemetric growth of embyo, prevents adhesions from forming, cushions the embryo or shock absorber, helps prevent infections; allows for normal development of resperitarory, GI, and bone system; and a source of nutrients for the developing embryo.
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What structures develop from the neurotube?
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The brain and spinal cord
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What 4 structures will develop from the hind brain or rombencephalon?
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1. Medulla
2. Adult pons 3. Develops the fourth ventricle 4. Cerebellum |
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The alimentary canal forms during the fourth week and divides into what three structures?
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1. Fore gut
2. Mid gut 3. Hind gut |
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What is an early sign of pregnancy?
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Yolk sac- seen by the fourth week
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In ultrasound what is the bladder considered?
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Acoustic Window
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What two things combine at the gestational sac, it appears hyperechoic and thick due to developing placental tissue?
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1. Decidua Basalis
2. Chorion Fondosum |
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What are the three layers of a pregnant womans gestational sac?
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1. Decidua Basalis
2. Decidua Capsularis 3. Decidua Parietalis |
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Amniotic Band Syndrome
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What syndrome has bands within the amniotic fluid adhere to the fetus and amputate portions of limbs?
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Arnold-Chiari Malformation (Type II)
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Low position of the cerebellum in the upper cervical spinal canal due to cord tethering. Associated with "lemon" skull shape, banana shaped cerebellum, and hydrocephalus?
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Fluid Filled space at the back of the head that lies between the cerebellum and the skull?
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Cisterna Magna
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What sign has a change in the shape of the cerebellum (it becomes curved) that occurs in the presence of spina bifida?
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Banana Sign
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Which is not an indication of fetal hydrops?
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1. Oligohydramnios
2. Polihydramnios 3. Fetal edema 4. Ascites 5. Pleural and pericardial effusion |
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Normal ventricle measurements should not be greater than?
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10mm
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Fetal structures from the hind gut includes all except for?
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1. Distal colon
2. Rectum 3. Portions of the bladder 4. Small intestines |
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How many types of spontaneous abortions?
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1. Threatend abortion
2. Incomplete abortion 3. Blited Ovum 4. Inevitable abortion 5. Septic abortion 6 All of the above |
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When does an ectopic pregnancy rupture, what week?
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8 to 10 weeks
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How do you check for an abdominal pregnancy?
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Superior to the uterus, and lies close to the wall.
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What does PARA stand for?
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1. P = Positive pregnancies
2. A = Aborted pregnancies 3. R = Premature pregnancies 4. A = Total number of full term pregnancies |
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A small degree or dilatation of the central sinus echoes is permissable if a normal variant?
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5 <-
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Extra ovarian adnexal mass with thick echogenic border, this finding is suspecious for ectopic pregnancy, an example of?
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Adnexal Ring
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The BPD along with FOD is utilized to calculate what?
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Cephalic Index
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What is the most common fetal intracranial anomaly?
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Anencephaly
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