Test 2 - Crij 1301 Chapter 7

Front 1

High-level appellate courts are also referred to as __________.

Back 1

Courts of Last Resort.

Front 2

Courts that have authority to review a decision made by a lower court are said to have __________.

Back 2

Appellate Jurisdiction.

Front 3

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the U.S. Supreme Court?

A) The US Supreme Court justices serve for 8 years.
B) The US Supreme Court is the highest federal court.
C) The US Supreme Court consists of 9 justices.
D) The US Supreme Court wields immense power.

Back 3

A) The US Supreme Court justices serve for 8 years.

(They serve for LIFE)

Front 4

Which US Supreme Court case held that new evidence of innocence is no reason to order a new state trial when constitutional grounds are lacking?

A) McNabb v. US

B) Marbury v. Madison
C) Keeney v. Tamayo-Reyes
D) Herrera v. Collins

Back 4

D) Herrera v. Collins.

Front 5

On appeal, when a trial court of general jurisdiction offers a new trial instead of the review of the lower court's decision, it is giving a __________.

Back 5

Trial de novo.

Front 6

A formal written accusation submitted to the court by a grand jury, alleging that a specified person has committed a specified offense, usually a felony, is known as an __________.

Back 6

Indictment.

Front 7

At which stage of the hearing are defendants brought before a judge to possibly be afforded the opportunity for bail?

Back 7

First Appearance.

Front 8

There are __________ federal judicial districts.

Back 8

94.

Front 9

A formal written accusation submitted to a court by a prosecutor, alleging that a specified person has committed a specified offense, is known a(s) __________.

Back 9

Information.

Front 10

McNabb v. US formally established that a defendant has to appear at a first appearance within how many hours after arrest?

Back 10

48.

Front 11

How many regional courts of appeal are there in the United States?

Back 11

12.

Front 12

In which US Supreme Court case was the Court's authority as a final interpreter of the US Constitution established?

Back 12

Marbury v. Madison.

Front 13

Bob's wallet was stolen while eating lunch at the university cafeteria. When the man who stole his wallet was caught, Bob opted to resolve the case informally at a __________.

Back 13

Dispute-Resolution Center.

Front 14

One purpose of __________ is to help ensure the reappearance of the accused at trial.

Back 14

Bail.

Front 15

Which of the following cases is an example where the US Supreme Court ruled that the use of anti-psychotic drugs on a nonviolent offender who does not represent a danger while institutionalized must be in the defendant's best medical interest?

A) U.S. v. Hazzar
B) Sell v. U.S.
C) Marbury v. Madison
D) Herrera v. Collins

Back 15

Sell v. U.S.

Front 16

Which of the following is not an alternative to bail?

A) nolo contendere
B) conditional release
C) release on recognizance
D) third-party custody

Back 16

A) nolo contendere

Front 17

Which of the following refers to the lawful authority of a court to hear or to act on a case from its beginning and to pass judgement on the law and the facts?

A) Appellate Jurisdiction
B) Overlapping Jurisdiction
C) Original Jurisdiction
D) Limited Jurisdiction

Back 17

C) Original Jurisdiction.

(May be based on geographical region of case type)

Front 18

As state court systems developed, which of the following court models was copied by most states?

A) Federal Magistrate Judiciary Act 1789
B) Magistrate's Act of 1968
C) Federal Reorganization Act of 1801
D) New York State Field Code of 1848

Back 18

C) New York State Field Code of 1848.

Front 19

Which of the following is NOT part of the structure developed by the states that follow the federal court model?

A) Trial courts of limited jurisdiction.
B) Special-purpose courts.
C) Trial courts of general jurisdiction.
D) Appellate courts.

Back 19

B) Special-Purpose Courts.

Front 20

All of the following EXCEPT which are names used in place of "trial court of general jurisdiction?"

A) Appellate Court
B) High Court
C) Circuit Court
D) Superior Court

Back 20

A) Appellate Court

Front 21

Which of the following provides the first appellate level for courts of limited jurisdiction?

A) Courts of Last Resort
B) Trial Courts of General Jurisdiction
C) Intermediate Appellate Courts
D) District Courts

Back 21

C) Intermediate Appellate Courts

Front 22

How many states have intermediate appellate courts?

Back 22

39.

Front 23

Which of the following is NOT a reason for the defendant's first appearance before a judge?

A) The defendant is afforded the opportunity for bail.
B) The defendant is advised of his or her rights.
C) The defendant is given formal notice of charges.
D) The defendant is given the opportunity to cross-examine witnesses.

Back 23

D) The defendant is given opportunity to cross-examine witnesses.

Front 24

Which of the following is an alternative to the cash bond system?

A) Pretrial Release
B) Conditional Release
C) Plea Bargaining
D) Preliminary Hearing

Back 24

B) Conditional Release

Front 25

A document guaranteeing the appearance of a defendant in court as required and recording the pledge of money or property to be paid to the court is he or she does not appear is known as a(n) __________.

Back 25

Bail Bond.

Front 26

Bob consigned all of his stock holdings to the court as collateral against pretrial flight. What type of bail did he post?

Back 26

Property Bond.

Front 27

Which type of bail is similar to a credit contract?

Back 27

Unsecured bonds.

Front 28

Approximately __________ of all state-level felony defendants are released before trial.

Back 28

57%.

Front 29

Which of the following laws limits the right to bail for certain kinds of offenders?

A) Judicial Concern Law.
B) Offender Law.
C) Detention Law.
D) Danger Law.

Back 29

D) Danger Law.

Front 30

The lawful authority of a court to hear cases that arise within a specified geographic area or that involve particular kinds of law violations is known as __________.

Back 30

Original Jurisdiction.

Front 31

Which of the following cases supports the decision by Congress to deny bail to offenders who represent a danger to the community?

A) McNabb v. U.S.
B) U.S. v. Montalvo-Murillo
C) Sell v. U.S.
D) U.S. v. Hazzard

Back 31

D) U.S. v. Hazzard

("Hazzard" and the danger law. Get it? Haha.)

Front 32

Approximately what percentage of states use grand juries as part of the pretrial process?

Back 32

50%

Front 33

Which of the following is not decided during the preliminary hearing?

A) Whether the crime was committed.
B) Whteher the crime occurred within the territorial jurisdiction of the court.
C) Whether the defendant would be allowed to enter a plea.
D) Whether there are reasonable grounds to believe that the defendant is guilty.

Back 33

C) Whether the defendant would be allowed to enter a plea.

Front 34

What type of plea is most similar to a guilty plea?

Back 34

No-Contest Plea.

Front 35

When a defendant "stands mute" at his arraignment, he is considered to have entered a __________.

Back 35

Not Guilty Plea.

Front 36

What is the primary purpose of the preliminary hearing?

Back 36

To give the defendant the opportunity to challenge the legal basis for detention.