Test #2

Front 1

What is the result of enzymatic reaction?

Back 1

A decrease in the energy of activation of chemical reactions

Front 2

Which is a product of the reaction between an acid and a base

Back 2

a salt

Front 3

Which component of bone operates to reduce the brittleness of bone?

Back 3

Collagen

Front 4

During bone development, which process is responsible for ossification of most of the axial skeleton?

Back 4

primarily intramembranous ossification

Front 5

Which statement correctly identifies the differences between cartilage and bone?

Back 5

Cartilage is avascular and has no fibers; bone is vascular and has no collagen fibers.

Front 6

Which features are unique to thoracic vertebrae?

Back 6

Facets and demifacets

Front 7

When a person sits of a chair with thighs together, the thighs are in which position?

Back 7

Flexed and adducted

Front 8

Which condition causes a muscle cramp?

Back 8

Changes in membrane permeability

Front 9

Which bony landmarks are used to measure the combined length of the femur and tibia to determine the lenght of the leg?

Back 9

The anterior inferior iliac spine to the lateral malleolus of the fibula

Front 10

Which most efficiently buffers plasma acid?

Back 10

Bicarbonate buffer

Front 11

Which factor will contribute to the formation of edema?

Back 11

Lowered blood proteins

Front 12

Which heart chamber receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?

Back 12

Left atrium

Front 13

If the connection between the vagus nerve and the heart were severed, how would the heart rate be affected? the heart rate would

Back 13

increase

Front 14

If a person with high blood pressure has an elevated afterload, what is most likely to occur?

Back 14

The end-systolic volum will increase

Front 15

During aerobic respiration glucose is oxidized, yielding adenosine triphosphate (ATP). What two other compounds are produced?

Back 15

Carbon dioxide and water

Front 16

Manual stimulation of the baroreceptors of the carotid sinuses by massaging the neck over the carotid sisnuses would have which effects?

Back 16

a drop in blood pressure and a drop in heart rate.

Front 17

Which most directly stimulates respiration?

Back 17

Carbon dioxide

Front 18

A high-fat meal would cause an increase in the level of which substance in the blood?

Back 18

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

Front 19

Which action occurs during swallowing?

Back 19

The tongue closes the oropharynx.

Front 20

Gastrin, cholecystokinin (CCK), and secretin are what type of chemical substance?

Back 20

Hormones

Front 21

Which condition leads to the decresed oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood?

Back 21

Lack of intrinsic factor

Front 22

During which phase of the cardiac cycle is ventricular pressure the lowest?

Back 22

Rapid ventricular filling

Front 23

Which vitamin is considered toxic if taken in excess?

Back 23

Retinol (A)

Front 24

Which provides a barrier that restricts the movement of proteins and other large molucules from the underlying CT and into the epithelium?

Back 24

Basal Lamina

Front 25

Why do people in color photographs taken by a flash camera often have red eyes?

Back 25

The stuctures within the eye absorb fewer red wavelengths than other color wavelengths

Front 26

Which statement describes the effect of two different hormones acting on the same organ?

Back 26

Glucocorticoids and epinephrine cause adipose tissue to increase lipogenesis.

Front 27

Which would occur if adenylate cyclas were inhibited? The response to

Back 27

Antidiuretic hormone would be inhibited.

Front 28

Which structures contain the hair cells that are stimulated when and individual is whirling becomes dizzy?

Back 28

Semicircular ducts

Front 29

Which cell type would serve as an example of convergence?

Back 29

M (magnocell)

Front 30

Damage to some types of myelinated nerve fibers can often be repaired if which part of the nerve remains intact?

Back 30

Cell body

Front 31

What is most likely to occur in a individual who is deficient in vitamin A

Back 31

Rhodopsin reserves are exhausted.

Front 32

Which neuron parts reside in the anterior gray horns of the spinal cord?

Back 32

The cell bodies of preganglionic parasympathetic neurons.

Front 33

Which part of the brain relays visual and hearing information?

Back 33

Corpora quadrigemina

Front 34

If a first-order neuron in the sensory pathway carrying fine touch sensation has its cell body in the right dorsal root ganglion, in what location will this neuron synapse with a second-order neuron?

Back 34

Right medulla

Front 35

Which function would be affected by a blockade of the parasympathetic nervous system?

Back 35

Pupil constiction

Front 36

How does the hypophyseal portal system (HPS) conncect with the hypothalamus and pituitary gland?

Back 36

The HPS directly connects 100% the median eminence to the pars distalis via the hypothalamic-hypophyseal vein.

Front 37

In light refraction, where is the normal focal point located?

Back 37

where light rays cross anterior to the retina

Front 38

Which behavior would be adversely affected by damage to wernicke's area?

Back 38

perception of language

Front 39

Which condition would lead to increase aldosterone secretion?

Back 39

Decreased blood sodium (NA+)

Front 40

Which layer of the uterus is shed during the menstrual cycle?

Back 40

functional zone

Front 41

During the process of oogenesis when is meiosis II completed?

Back 41

at fertilization

Front 42

Which cells are released at ovulation?

Back 42

a secondary oocyte and one polar body

Front 43

Which condition prevents an autoimmune response to one's own sperm?

Back 43

Developing sperm are isolated from the bloodstread by tight junctions of the sustentacular cells.

Front 44

Blood present in the capillary bed of the glomerulus exits via which vessel?

Back 44

Efferent arteriole

Front 45

Which response is stimulated by alcohol in several glasses of beer acting on the anitdiuretic hormone?

Back 45

increased frequency of urination

Front 46

Which solute comprises the majority of nitrogen-containing material in urine?

Back 46

urea

Front 47

How can glomerular filtration be reduced?

Back 47

Reduce the diameter of the afferent arteriole.

Front 48

Which cells form the macula densa of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

Back 48

modified distal tubular cells

Front 49

Which part of the nephron increase its permeability to water in the presence of anitdiuretic hormone (ADH)?

Back 49

collecting duct

Front 50

where is the largest percentage of filtered water reabsorbed?

Back 50

in the proximal convoluted tubule.