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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Cervical clearing
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- Compression (neural first, then flexion, extension, spurlington
- Distraction |
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Valgus stress test
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Shoulder should be fully externally rotated, and elbow should be flexed just to avoid CCP. Movement should be blocked laterally and exert a valgus stress with a slight downward angle (to cause distraction at elbow joint). Structures involved: MCL and Ulnar Nerve
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Varus stress test
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Shoulder should be fully externally rotated, and elbow should be flexed just to avoid CCP. Movement should be blocked lmedially and exert a valrus stress with a slight upward angle (to cause distraction at elbow joint). Structures involved: LCL
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Tests for lateral epicondylitis
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Method 1 – elbow is extended and pronated. Wrist flexion is resistance. To increase intensity radial deviation is added. Lateral epicondyle may be palpated.
Method 2 – Examiner passively extends elbow while flexing wrist and palpating the lateral epicondyle. Method 3 – Examiner resists extension of the third digit by applying resistance in the distal part of the proximal interphalangeal joint. |
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Test for medial epicondylitis
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examiner passively extends pt’s elbow and wrist in supination while palpating medial epicondyle.
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Test for ponator teres syndrome
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pt sits with elbow flex (90°) examiner strongly resists pronation as the elbow is extended. Tingling or paresthesia in he median nerve distribution in forearm and hand determines a positive test.
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Waternsburg’s test
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hand is resting on table and applying some weight on it. Fingers passively abducted and pt tries to adduct. If 5th digit does not adducts= sign for neuropathy
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Tinel’s sign
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Arm should be relax and supported. Area of ulnar nerve (between oleocranon and medial epicondyle) is tapped.
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Reflex - Biceps
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- C5 C6 – Support forearm, squeeze tendon and tap on own (examiner) thumb
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Reflex - Brachioradialis
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C5-C6 – Support arm by thumb and tap on proximal third of arm
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Reflex- Triceps
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tap on oleocranon fossa
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C5 Myotome and dermatome
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D: Lateral shoulder
M Shoulder abduction |
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C6 Dermatome and Myotome
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D: Lateral forearm (including thumb and index)
M: Elbow flexion and wrist extension |
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C7: Dermatome and myotome
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D: Middle finger
M: Elbow extension and wrist flexion |
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C8 Dermatome and myotome
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D:Last two fingers up to medial forearm- distal half of forearm
M:Thumb extension |
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Joint mobilization grade 1
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Small amplitude movement at the beginning of the range
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Joint mobilization grade 2
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Large amplitude movement, but not reaching the limit of the range
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Joint mobilization grade 3
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Large amplitude movement performed up to the limit of the range
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Joint mobilization grade 4
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Small amplitude movement performed at the limit of the range
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For acute injuries and to treat pain and muscle guarding which Joint mobilization grade is used?
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1 and 2
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to treat adhesions, or to stretch tissue which joint mobilization grade is used?
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3 and 4
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Shorten-anchor-stretch
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. Place the muscle into a shortened position and then use one hand to apply a “tack” distal to the site of the lesion. The other hand then passively stretches the muscle and stress on the lesion is minimized
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Soft tissue technique used todecrease muscle guarding and improve mobility of the connective tissue sheath surrounding a muscle.
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Cross fiber
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Muscle Pumping
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. Start with passive pumping by shortening the muscle, then using a large contact area to compress the muscle and then maintain pressure as you elongate/stretch the muscle. Progress to active pump by first elongating and applying pressure, and then slowly releasing the pressure as you ask the patient to concentrically contract the muscle.
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Cancer red flags
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-Persistent pain at night
-Constant pain anywhere in the body - Unexplainable weight loss - Loss of apetite - Unusual lumps and growths - Unwarranted fatigue |
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Cardiovascular Red flags
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- Shortness of breath
- Dizziness - Pain or feeling of heaviness - Pulsating pain - Constant and severe pain on lower leg or arm - Discolored or painful feet - Swealing (no history of injury) |
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Gastrointestinal/ Genitourinary red flags
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- Frequent or severe abdominal pain
- Frequent heartburn indigestion - Frequent nausea or vomiting - Changes in bowel or bladder function |
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Miscellaneous Red Flags
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- Fever or night sweats
- Recent severe emotional disturbance with no history of injury - Swealling or redness in any joint - Pregnancy |
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Neurologic Red Flags
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- Changes in hearing
- changes in vision Frequent or severe headaches with no history of trauma - Problems with balance and coordination - Faint spells |
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Circulation/ coordination
%of 1RM and Reps, ROM |
30% of 1RM and 20 to 50 reps w/o fatigue ~6 x a day
Inner range of ROM |
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Endurance
%of 1 RM and reps, ROM |
30-60% of 1 RM
30-50 reps (untill fatigue) with rest in between of (3) sets (30 secs to 1 min) and can be done twice a day Inner to full ROM |
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Strength
%of 1 RM and reps, ROM |
70 to 90% of 1 RM
8 to 10 reps 2.5 min rest between sets Full ROM once a day, every other day or 3 times a week |
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In the acute stage the focus is usually on
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Decreasing inflamation, inchease circulation
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In the subacute stage the focus is usually on
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Endurance
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In the chronic stage the focus is usually on
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Strength, multiplanar movements
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In tendinopathies you only do _______ exercises during chronic stage
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eccentric
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pain on all direction=
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fracture
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pain in the same direction=
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capsule and ligaments
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pain in the opposite direction
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Muscles, soft tissue & tendons
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________ exercises increase speed
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Plyometric
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Appropriate exercises for Lateral epicondylitis would include
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Wrist extension
Radial deviation Supination |
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Exercises in chronic stage for Tendinopathy should focus on...
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Eccentric exercises
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Posterolateral rotatory elbow instability - Kaltenborn's scale grade
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4 or 5 (6= dislocation)
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Medial epicondilitis would affect/ we should work on
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Wrist flexion, ulnar deviation, pronation (eccentric in chronic)
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Increased constant pain in all directions=
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Fracture (radial neck fracture)
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Nocturnal pain on dorsum of wrist, thum, and web space i usually a sign of
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PIN/ Radial tunnel syndrome
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An appropriate exercise in the acute stage of radial tunnel syndrome could be
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exercise to increase Circulation on the supinator
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An appropriate exercise in the acute stage of Pronator teres syndrome could be
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Exercise to improve circulation- Pronation (from neutral to pronation)
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An appropriate focus for Osteochondritis Dissecans is...
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...strengthening of the medial aspect to avoid compression on lateral side
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Pain in medial side of elbow, weak/painful flexion.
Possible pathologies: |
-Medial epicondylitis
- ulnar nerve entrapment - Pronator teres syndrome - UCL Sprain |
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lateral side of elbow pain, weak grasp, pain with wrist an finger extension.
Possible pathologies: |
-Lateral epicondylitis
-Posterolateral rotatory elbow instability -Posterior interosseous nerve/ radial tunnel syndrome |
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Humeroulnar Distraction (Flexion) Indication
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Increase Flexion
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Humeroradial Distraction Indication
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Increase Mobility of elbow
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Humeroulnar Distraction (extension) Indication
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Increase extension
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Proximal radioulnar dorsal glide Indication
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Increase pronation
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Proximal radioulnar volar glide Indication
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Increase supination
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Distal radioulnar dorsal glide
Indication |
Increase supination
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Distal radioulnar volar glide Indication
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Increase pronation
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Humeroradial Dorsal Glide Indication
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Increase extension
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Humeroradial Volar glide Indication
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Increase Flexion
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